The original PC was an IBM attempt to get into the home computer market then dominated by the Apple II and a host of CP/M machines. Rather than going through the usual IBM design process, which had already failed to design an affordable microcomputer (for example the failed IBM 5100), a special team was assembled with authorization to bypass normal company restrictions and get something to market rapidly. This project ...

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IBM PC, IBM PC - The IBM PC concept, IBM PC - Commercial success, IBM PC - IBM PC models, IBM PC - Technology, IBM PC - Electronics, IBM PC - Keyboard, IBM PC - Character set, IBM PC - Storage media, IBM PC - Software, IBM PC - IBM PC and PS/2 models

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IBM, IBM - Current business activities, IBM - Culture, IBM - Diversity and workforce issues, IBM - History, IBM - Early years, IBM - World War II, IBM - Airforce and airline projects, IBM - Successes of the 1960's, IBM - Recent history, IBM - Facts and trivia, IBM - Acquisitions, IBM - Spinoffs, IBM - Projects, IBM - BlueEyes, IBM - alphaWorks, IBM - Gaming Chips, IBM - Corporate governance

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In 2002, IBM announced the beginning of a $10 billion program to research and implement the infrastructure technology necessary to be able to provide supercomputer-level resources "on demand" to all businesses as a metered utility. This program will be implemented over the coming years. In recent years IBM has steadily increased its patent portfolio, which is valuable for cross-licensing with other companies. In every year from 1993 until 2005, IBM has been granted significantly more U.S. patents than any other company. That thirteen-year period has resulted in over 31,000 patents for which IBM is the primary assign ...

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IBM, IBM - Current business activities, IBM - Culture, IBM - Diversity and workforce issues, IBM - History, IBM - Early years, IBM - World War II, IBM - Airforce and airline projects, IBM - Successes of the 1960s, IBM - Recent history, IBM - Facts and trivia, IBM - Acquisitions, IBM - Spinoffs, IBM - Projects, IBM - BlueEyes, IBM - alphaWorks, IBM - Gaming Chips, IBM - Corporate governance

Read more here: » IBM: Encyclopedia II - IBM - Current business activities

IBM - Early years. IBM's history dates back decades before the development of electronic computers – before that it developed punched card data processing equipment. It originated as the Computing Tabulating Recording (CTR) Corporation, which was incorporated on June 15, 1911 in Binghamton, New York. This company was a merger of the Tabulating Machine Corporation, the Computing Scale Corporation and the International Time Recording Company. The president of the Tabulating Machine Corporation at that time was He ...

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IBM, IBM - Current business activities, IBM - Culture, IBM - Diversity and workforce issues, IBM - History, IBM - Early years, IBM - World War II, IBM - Airforce and airline projects, IBM - Successes of the 1960's, IBM - Recent history, IBM - Facts and trivia, IBM - Acquisitions, IBM - Spinoffs, IBM - Projects, IBM - BlueEyes, IBM - alphaWorks, IBM - Gaming Chips, IBM - Corporate governance

Read more here: » IBM: Encyclopedia II - IBM - History

IBM - Early years. IBM's history dates back decades before the development of electronic computers – before that it developed punched card data processing equipment. It originated as the Computing Tabulating Recording (CTR) Corporation, which was incorporated on June 15, 1911 in Binghamton, New York. This company was a merger of the Tabulating Machine Corporation, the Computing Scale Corporation and the International Time Recording Company. The president of the Tabulating Machine Corporation at that time was He ...

See also:

IBM, IBM - Current business activities, IBM - Culture, IBM - Diversity and workforce issues, IBM - History, IBM - Early years, IBM - World War II, IBM - Airforce and airline projects, IBM - Successes of the 1960s, IBM - Recent history, IBM - Facts and trivia, IBM - Acquisitions, IBM - Spinoffs, IBM - Projects, IBM - BlueEyes, IBM - alphaWorks, IBM - Gaming Chips, IBM - Corporate governance

Read more here: » IBM: Encyclopedia II - IBM - History

The models of IBM's first-generation Personal Computer (PC) series have names: The original PC had a version of Microsoft BASIC —IBM Cassette BASIC— in ROM. The CGA (Color Graphics Adapter) video card could use a standard TV for display. The standard storage device was cassette tape. A floppy disk drive was an optional extra; no hard disk was available. It had only five expansion slots; maximum memory using IBM parts was 256 KB, 64K on the main board and three 64K expansion cards. The processor was an Intel 8088 (second-sour ...

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IBM PC, IBM PC - The IBM PC concept, IBM PC - Commercial success, IBM PC - IBM PC models, IBM PC - Technology, IBM PC - Electronics, IBM PC - Keyboard, IBM PC - Character set, IBM PC - Storage media, IBM PC - Software, IBM PC - IBM PC and PS/2 models

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WebSphere refers to a brand of IBM software products, although the term also popularly refers to one specific product: WebSphere Application Server (WAS). WebSphere helped define the middleware software category and is designed to set up, operate and integrate e-business applications across multiple computing platforms using Web technologies. It includes both the run-time components (like WAS) and the too ...

Including:

WebSphere - WebSphere products partial WebSphere - Other IBM software brands

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Since December, 2001, IBM designates all its mainframes with the name eServer zSeries, with the e depicted in IBM's well-known red trademarked symbol. Nonetheless, the term zSeries now popularly refers only to IBM's newest line of 64-bit mainframes, starting with the zSeries 900. In mid-2005, IBM began using a new brand name (System z9), coinciding with the announcement of the company's Model 109 server. However, "zSeries" is still the most popular way to refer to all IBM mainframe servers. zSeries/z9 serve ...

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Code page is the traditional IBM term used for a specific character encoding table: a mapping in which a sequence of bits, usually a single octet representing integer values 0 through 255, is associated with a specific character. Code page - Background. A few code pages use more than 8 bits per character and thus encode more than 256 characters. The term cmap (character map) is used in technical documentation on Macintosh platforms. Although IBM created and maintained many code pages, the term ...

Including:

Code page - Background Code page - Relationship to ASCII Code page - Partial list of IBM code pages Code page - Other code pages of note Code page - Microsoft code pages Code page - Private code pages

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The models of IBM's first-generation Personal Computer (PC) series have names: The original PC had a version of Microsoft BASIC —IBM Cassette BASIC— in ROM. The CGA (Color Graphics Adapter) video card could use a standard TV for display. The standard storage device was cassette tape. A floppy disk drive was an optional extra; no hard disk was available. It had only five expansion slots; maximum memory using IBM parts was 256 KB, 64 KB on the main board and three 64 KB expansion cards. The processor was an Intel 8088 (second- ...

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IBM PC, IBM PC - The IBM PC concept, IBM PC - Commercial success, IBM PC - IBM PC models, IBM PC - Technology, IBM PC - Electronics, IBM PC - Keyboard, IBM PC - Character set, IBM PC - Storage media, IBM PC - Software, IBM PC - IBM PC and PS/2 models

Read more here: » IBM PC: Encyclopedia II - IBM PC - IBM PC models

The IBM 1311 Disk Storage Drive was announced on October 11, 1962 and was designed for use with several medium-scale business and scientific computers. The 1311 was about the size and shape of a top-loading washing machine and stored 2 million characters on a removable IBM 1316 disk pack. Each disk pack was 4 inches high, weighed 10 pounds (4.5 kg) and contained six 14-inch diameter disks, yielding 10 recording surfaces (the outer surfaces were not used). The disks spun at 1500 RPM. Each recording surface had 100 tracks with 20 sector ...

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Early IBM disk storage, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 350, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 353, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 355, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1405, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1301, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1302, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2314, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2310, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3330, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3340, Early IBM disk storage - The floppy disk, Early IBM disk storage - Disk storage in 2004

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In a datastream, both text and control (or formatting functions) are interspersed allowing an entire screen to be "painted" as a single output operation. The concept of "formatting" in these devices allows the screen to be divided into clusters of contiguous character cells for which numerous attributes (colour, highlighting, character set, protection from modification) can be set. Further, using a technique known as "Read Modified" the changes from any number of formatted fields that have been modified can be read as a single input w ...

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IBM 3270, IBM 3270 - Principles, IBM 3270 - Models

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IBM PC - Electronics. The main circuit board in an IBM PC is called the motherboard. This carries the CPU and memory, and has a bus with slots for expansion cards. The bus used in the original PC became very popular, and was subsequently named ISA. It is in use to this day in computers for industrial use. Later, requirements for higher speed and more capacity forced the development of new versions. The VESA Local Bus allowed for up to three, much faster 32-bit cards, and the EISA architecture was developed ...

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IBM PC, IBM PC - The IBM PC concept, IBM PC - Commercial success, IBM PC - IBM PC models, IBM PC - Technology, IBM PC - Electronics, IBM PC - Keyboard, IBM PC - Character set, IBM PC - Storage media, IBM PC - Software, IBM PC - IBM PC and PS/2 models

Read more here: » IBM PC: Encyclopedia II - IBM PC - Technology

IBM POWER - The 801 project. In 1974, IBM started a project with a design objective of creating a large telephone-switching network with a potential capacity to deal with at least 300 calls per/second. With a projected use of 20,000 instructions for each call while maintaining a real-time response, a safety margin of at least 12 MIPS was deemed necessary. Even though this requirement had been extremely ambitious at this time, the switching network would need only to perform I/O, branches, add register-register, move to register/memory, and would have little need for ...

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IBM POWER, IBM POWER - History, IBM POWER - The 801 project, IBM POWER - 1982 Research Project “Cheetah”, IBM POWER - The America Project, IBM POWER - PowerPC, IBM POWER - POWER2, IBM POWER - Amazon, IBM POWER - POWER3, IBM POWER - POWER4, IBM POWER - POWER5, IBM POWER - POWER6 and POWER7, IBM POWER - The architecture, IBM POWER - Implementations, IBM POWER - Derivative CPUs

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The 1130 became quite popular, and the 1130 and its non-IBM clones gave many people their first feel of "personal computing." Though its price-performance ratio was good and it notably included inexpensive disk storage, it otherwise broke no new ground technically. The 1130 holds a place in computing history primarily because of the fondness its former users hold for it. The IBM 1130 used System/360 electronics packaging called Solid Logic Technology (SLT) and had a 16-bit binary architecture, not very different from later minicompute ...

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IBM 1130, IBM 1130 - Description, IBM 1130 - IBM 1130 Models, IBM 1130 - Chronology, IBM 1130 - Trivia, IBM 1130 - Instruction set overview, IBM 1130 - Sample APL \ 1130 session, IBM 1130 - Sample Fortran IV program deck

Read more here: » IBM 1130: Encyclopedia II - IBM 1130 - Description

The table below is listed in Character Collating Sequence. ...

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IBM 1401, IBM 1401 - Character and Op codes, IBM 1401 - Hardware implementation

Read more here: » IBM 1401: Encyclopedia II - IBM 1401 - Character and Op codes

The PCjr launched with an enormous amount of advance publicity, including live news-broadcast coverage of the product announcement. Ziff-Davis, publisher of the successful PC Magazine, printed the first issue of PCjr Magazine even before the first PCjr units shipped. Observers expected the PCjr to change the home-computer market in a similar way to how the IBM PC had singlehandedly change ...

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IBM PCjr, IBM PCjr - Features, IBM PCjr - Failure in the marketplace, IBM PCjr - The PCjr legacy, IBM PCjr - Technical specifications

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The IBM 2311 Direct Access Storage Facility was introduced in 1964 for use throughout the System/360 series. It was also available on the IBM 1130. The 2311 mechanism was largely identical to the 1311, but recording improvements allowed higher data density. The 2311 stored 7.25 million bytes on a single removable IBM 1316 disk pack (the same type used on the IBM 1311). Each recording surface had 200 tracks. Average se ...

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Early IBM disk storage, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 350, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 353, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 355, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1405, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1301, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1302, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2314, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2310, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3330, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3340, Early IBM disk storage - The floppy disk, Early IBM disk storage - Disk storage in 2004

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The IBM 1301 Disk Storage Unit was announced on June 2, 1961. It was designed for use with the IBM 7000 series mainframe computers and the IBM 1410. The 1301 stored 28 million characters on a single module (25 million characters with the 1410). Each module had 20 large disks and 40 recording surfaces, with 250 tracks per surface. The 1301 Model 1 had one module, the Model 2 had two modules, stacked vertically. The disks spun at 1800 RPM. Da ...

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Early IBM disk storage, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 350, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 353, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 355, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1405, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1301, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1302, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2311, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2314, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 2310, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3330, Early IBM disk storage - IBM 3340, Early IBM disk storage - The floppy disk, Early IBM disk storage - Disk storage in 2004

Read more here: » Early IBM disk storage: Encyclopedia II - Early IBM disk storage - IBM 1301

Dr. Edward Teller at the University of California Radiation Laboratory in Livermore, California wanted a new scientific system for three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations. Proposals were requested for this new system, to be called Livermore Automatic Reaction Calculator or LARC, from both IBM and UNIVAC. Expected to cost roughly $2.5 million and running at one to two MIPS, delivery was to be t ...

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IBM 7030, IBM 7030 - Development history, IBM 7030 - Technical impact, IBM 7030 - Customer deliveries, IBM 7030 - Architecture, IBM 7030 - Data Formats, IBM 7030 - Instruction Format, IBM 7030 - Registers, IBM 7030 - Memory, IBM 7030 - Input/Output

Read more here: » IBM 7030: Encyclopedia II - IBM 7030 - Development history