The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea that sits in the small, bony cavity (sella turcica) at the base of the brain. Its posterior lobe is connected to a part of the brain called the hypothalamus via the infundibulum (or stalk), giving rise to the tuberoinfundibular pathway. The posterior lobe is thus derived from neural ectoderm while the anterior lobe is derived from oral ectoderm. The anterior pituitary lobe receives releasing hormones from the hypothalamus via a portal vein system. ...

Including:

Pituitary gland - Functions Pituitary gland - External link

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See also:

Hypopituitarism, Hypopituitarism - Physiology, Hypopituitarism - Causes, Hypopituitarism - Diagnosis, Hypopituitarism - Replacement therapy

Read more here: » Hypopituitarism: Encyclopedia II - Hypopituitarism - Physiology

Cortisol is synthesized from progesterone, the precursor of all steroid hormones. The conversion involves hydroxylation of C-11, C-17 and C-21. The synthesis takes place in the zona fasciculata of the cortex of the adrenal glands. While the adrenal cortex also produces aldosterone (in the zona glomerulosa) and some sex hormones (in the zona reticulosa), cortisol is its main secretion. (The name c ...

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Cortisol, Cortisol - Synthesis, Cortisol - Physiology, Cortisol - Pharmacology, Cortisol - Diseases

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Cortisol (hydrocortisone) Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone that is involved in the response to stress; it increases blood pressure and blood sugar levels and suppresses the immune system. Synthetic cortisol, also known as hydrocortisone, is used as a drug mainly to fight allergies and inflammation. Cortisol - Synthesis. Cortisol is synthesized from progesterone, the precursor of all steroid hormones. The conversion involves hydroxylation of C-11, C-17 and C-21. The s ...

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Cortisol - Synthesis Cortisol - Physiology Cortisol - Pharmacology Cortisol - Diseases

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The amount of cortisol present in the serum undergoes diurnal variation, with the highest levels present in the early morning, and lower levels in the evening, several hours after the onset of sleep. Information about the light/dark cycle is transmitted from the retina to the paired suprachiasmatic nuclei in the hypothalamus. Changed patterns of the serum cortisol levels have been observed in connection with abnormal ACTH levels, clinical depression, psychological stress, and such physiological stressors as hypoglycemia, illness, fever, trau ...

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Cortisol, Cortisol - Synthesis, Cortisol - Physiology, Cortisol - Pharmacology, Cortisol - Diseases

Read more here: » Cortisol: Encyclopedia II - Cortisol - Physiology

As an oral or injectable drug, cortisol is also known as hydrocortisone. It is used as an immunosuppressive drug, given by injection in the treatment of severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis and angioedema, in place of prednisolone in patients who need steroid treatment but cannot take oral medication, and peri-operatively in patients on long-term steroid treatment to prevent an Addisonian crisis. It is given by topical application for its anti-inflammatory effect in allergic rashes, eczema and certain other inflammatory conditions. It may also be injected into inflamed joi ...

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Cortisol, Cortisol - Synthesis, Cortisol - Physiology, Cortisol - Pharmacology, Cortisol - Diseases

Read more here: » Cortisol: Encyclopedia II - Cortisol - Pharmacology

It is possible to deduce that Jeffrey Hudson must have been affected by congenital hypopituitarism, as few known conditions other than growth hormone deficiency result in such proportional extreme smallness. Although the surviving paintings of Hudson do not show the characteristic physiognomy so obvious in the photographs of Charles Stratton (Tom Thumb), it is not invariably present, and there is no hint of the disproportions or distorted physiognomies characteristic of nearly all of the skeletal dysplasias. Intell ...

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Jeffrey Hudson, Jeffrey Hudson - Early life and rise to prominence, Jeffrey Hudson - Jeffrey at the Queen's court, Jeffrey Hudson - The coming of the Civil War and the dissolution of the court, Jeffrey Hudson - Duel and disaster, Jeffrey Hudson - Slavery and redemption poverty and death, Jeffrey Hudson - A medical perspective, Jeffrey Hudson - External link

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The term hypopituitarism is often used interchangeably with GH deficiency by endocrinologists but more often denotes GH deficiency plus deficiency of at least one other anterior pituitary hormone. When GH deficiency (usually with other anterior pituitary deficiencies) is associated with posterior pituitary hormone deficiency (usually diabetes insipidus) the condition is termed panhypopituitarism. HGH also refers to human growth hormone but this older abbreviation has begun to develop paradoxical connotations (see fuller discussio ...

See also:

Growth hormone deficiency, Growth hormone deficiency - Terminology, Growth hormone deficiency - Causes of GH deficiency, Growth hormone deficiency - Adult GH deficiency, Growth hormone deficiency - Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency, Growth hormone deficiency - Treatment of GH deficiency, Growth hormone deficiency - Treatment of GH deficiency in childhood, Growth hormone deficiency - History, Growth hormone deficiency - GH resistance

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Childbirth (also called labour, birth, partus or parturition) is the culmination of a human pregnancy with the emergence of a newborn infant from its mother's uterus. A woman is considered to be in labour when she begins experiencing regular, strong uterine contractions, accompanied by changes of her cervix — primarily effacement and dilation. While childbirth is widely experienced as painful, some women do report painless labours. When the baby is born its birth weight is determined.

Including:

Childbirth - The normal birth
Childbirth - Second stage Childbirth - Third stage: placenta Childbirth - After the birth
Childbirth - Variations Childbirth - Pain
Childbirth - Non-medical pain control Childbirth - Medical pain control
Childbirth - Complications and Risks of Birth Childbirth - Professions associated with childbirth Childbirth - Social aspects Childbirth - Legal aspects Childbirth - Psychological aspects

Read more here: » Childbirth: Encyclopedia - Childbirth

Childbirth (also called labour, birth, partus or parturition) is the culmination of a human pregnancy with the emergence of a newborn infant from its mother's uterus. A woman is considered to be in labour when she begins experiencing regular, strong uterine contractions, accompanied by changes of her cervix — primarily effacement and dilation. While childbirth is widely experienced as painful, some women do report painless labours. When the baby is born its birth weight is determined.

Including:

Childbirth - The normal birth
Childbirth - First stage: contractions Childbirth - Second stage Childbirth - Third stage: placenta Childbirth - After the birth
Childbirth - Variations Childbirth - Pain
Childbirth - Non-medical pain control Childbirth - Medical pain control
Childbirth - Complications and Risks of Birth Childbirth - Professions associated with childbirth Childbirth - Social aspects Childbirth - Legal aspects Childbirth - Psychological aspects

Read more here: » Childbirth: Encyclopedia - Childbirth

As evolution drove the emergence of multicellular organisms it became necessary to develop “coordinating systems to regulate and integrate the function of differentiating cells” (Griffin and Ojeda 2000). Two mechanisms perform this function in higher animals, the nervous system and the endocrine system. Unlike the former, which sends and receives information via electrochemical signals, the endocrine system performs its regulatory function through the detection, production and release (generally into the bloodstream) of chemical agents. ...

See also:

Endocrinology, Endocrinology - Background, Endocrinology - Hormones, Endocrinology - Overview, Endocrinology - Amines, Endocrinology - Peptide/Protein, Endocrinology - Steroid, Endocrinology - Work, Endocrinology - Training, Endocrinology - Diseases

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List of diseases starting with H - Hea-Hei. Headache, cluster Hearing disorder Hearing impairment Hearing loss Heart aneurysm Heart block progressive, familial Heart block Heart defect round face congenital retarded development Heart defect tongue hamartoma polysyndactyly Heart defects limb shortening Heart hand syndrome Spanish type Heart hypertrophy, hereditary Heart situs anomaly Heart tum ...

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List of diseases starting with H, List of diseases starting with H - Ha, List of diseases starting with H - Hag-Ham, List of diseases starting with H - Han-Hay, List of diseases starting with H - He, List of diseases starting with H - Hea-Hei, List of diseases starting with H - Hel, List of diseases starting with H - Hem, List of diseases starting with H - Hen, List of diseases starting with H - Hep, List of diseases starting with H - Her, List of diseases starting with H - Het-Hex, List of diseases starting with H - Hh, List of diseases starting with H - Hi, List of diseases starting with H - Hib-Hip, List of diseases starting with H - Hir-Hit, List of diseases starting with H - Hm, List of diseases starting with H - Ho, List of diseases starting with H - Hod-Hol, List of diseases starting with H - Hom-Hoy, List of diseases starting with H - Hs, List of diseases starting with H - Hu, List of diseases starting with H - Hy, List of diseases starting with H - Hya, List of diseases starting with H - Hyd, List of diseases starting with H - Hyg-Hym, List of diseases starting with H - Hyp

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Infertility - Primary vs. secondary. According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, infertility affects about 6.1 million people in the U.S., equivalent to ten percent of the reproductive age population. Female infertility accounts for one third of infertility cases, male infertility for another third, combined male and female infertility for another 15%, and the remainder of cases are "unexplained"2. A Robertsonian translocation in either partner may cause recurr ...

See also:

Infertility, Infertility - Definition, Infertility - Causes, Infertility - Primary vs. secondary, Infertility - Female infertility, Infertility - Male infertility, Infertility - Combined infertility, Infertility - Unexplained infertility, Infertility - Treatment, Infertility - Costs, Infertility - Ethics, Infertility - Psychological impact, Infertility - Social impact, Infertility - Notes

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In both males and females, FSH stimulates the maturation of germ cells. In females, a FSH initiates follicular growth, and with the concomitant rise in inhibin B, FSH levels decline. This seems to be critical to select only the most advanced follicle to proceed to ovulation. FSH levels are normally low during childhood and, in women, high after menopause. ...

See also:

Follicle-stimulating hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone - Structure, Follicle-stimulating hormone - Genes, Follicle-stimulating hormone - Activity, Follicle-stimulating hormone - Decifient FSH activity, Follicle-stimulating hormone - Availability

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Childbirth - First stage: contractions. A typical human childbirth will begin with the onset of contractions of the uterus. The frequency and duration of these contractions varies with the individual. The onset of labour may be sudden or gradual. A gradual onset with slow cervical change towards 3 cm (just over 1 inch) dilation is referred to as the "latent phase". A woman is said to be in "active labour" when contractions have become regular in frequency (3-4 in 10 minutes) and about 60 seconds in duration. The ...

See also:

Childbirth, Childbirth - The normal birth, Childbirth - First stage: contractions, Childbirth - Second stage, Childbirth - Third stage: placenta, Childbirth - After the birth, Childbirth - Variations, Childbirth - Pain, Childbirth - Non-medical pain control, Childbirth - Medical pain control, Childbirth - Complications and Risks of Birth, Childbirth - Professions associated with childbirth, Childbirth - Social aspects, Childbirth - Legal aspects, Childbirth - Psychological aspects

Read more here: » Childbirth: Encyclopedia II - Childbirth - The normal birth

In both males and females, LH stimulates the production of sex steroids from the gonads. Leydig cells in male testes respond to LH by producing testosterone, while theca cells in the female ovary respond to LH by producing androgens and estrogens. In females, a LH surge about halfway through the menstrual cycle triggers the onset of ovulation. LH also induces the ovulated follicle to become the corpus luteum, which then secretes progesterone. LH levels are normally low durin ...

See also:

Luteinizing hormone, Luteinizing hormone - Structure, Luteinizing hormone - Genes, Luteinizing hormone - Activity, Luteinizing hormone - Deficient LH activity, Luteinizing hormone - Excess LH activity, Luteinizing hormone - Availability

Read more here: » Luteinizing hormone: Encyclopedia II - Luteinizing hormone - Activity

ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E00-E07 Thyroid gland / Thyroid hormone. (E00) Congenital iodine-deficiency syndrome (E01) Iodine-deficiency-related thyroid disorders and allied conditions (E010) Iodine-deficiency-related diffuse (endemic) goitre (E011) Iodine-deficiency-related multinodular (endemic) goitre (E012) Iodine-deficiency-related (endemic) goitre, unspecified (E018) Other iodine-deficiency-related thyroid dis ...

See also:

ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E00-E35 - Endocrine diseases, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E00-E07 Thyroid gland / Thyroid hormone, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E10-E16 Pancreas / Insulin glucagon, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E20-E21 Parathyroid gland / PTH, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E22-E23 Pituitary gland / ADH oxytocin GH ACTH TSH LH FSH prolactin, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E24-E27 Adrenal gland / Aldosterone cortisol epinephrine norepinephrine, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E28-E30 Gonads / Estrogen androgens testosterone etc., ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E31-E35 Other, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E40-68 - Nutritional diseases, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E40-E46 Malnutrition, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E50-E64 Other nutritional deficiencies, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E65-E68 Obesity and other hyperalimentation, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E70-E90 - Metabolic diseases, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E70-E79 Metabolic disorders of proteins fats and carbohydrates, ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E79-E90 Other metabolic disorders

Read more here: » ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases: Encyclopedia II - ICD-10 Chapter E: Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases - E00-E35 - Endocrine diseases

In both males and females, LH stimulates the production of sex steroids from the gonads. Leydig cells in male testes respond to LH by producing testosterone, while theca cells in the female ovary respond to LH by producing androgens and estrogens. In females, a LH surge about halfway through the menstrual cycle triggers the onset of ovulation. LH also induces the ovulated follicle to become a corpus luteum, which then secretes progesterone. LH levels are normally low durin ...

See also:

Luteinizing hormone, Luteinizing hormone - Structure, Luteinizing hormone - Genes, Luteinizing hormone - Activity, Luteinizing hormone - Deficient LH activity, Luteinizing hormone - Excess LH activity, Luteinizing hormone - Availability

Read more here: » Luteinizing hormone: Encyclopedia II - Luteinizing hormone - Activity

List of diseases starting with H - Hib-Hip. Hibernian fever, familial Hiccups Hidradenitis suppurativa familial Hidradenitis suppurativa Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia type Christianson Fouris High scapula High-molecular-weight kininogen deficiency, congenital Hillig syndrome Hing Torack Dowston syndrome Hinson-Pepys disease Hip dislocation Hip dysplasia Beukes type Hip dysplasia Hip luxation ...

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List of diseases starting with H, List of diseases starting with H - Ha, List of diseases starting with H - Hag-Ham, List of diseases starting with H - Han-Hay, List of diseases starting with H - He, List of diseases starting with H - Hea-Hei, List of diseases starting with H - Hel, List of diseases starting with H - Hem, List of diseases starting with H - Hen, List of diseases starting with H - Hep, List of diseases starting with H - Her, List of diseases starting with H - Het-Hex, List of diseases starting with H - Hh, List of diseases starting with H - Hi, List of diseases starting with H - Hib-Hip, List of diseases starting with H - Hir-Hit, List of diseases starting with H - Hm, List of diseases starting with H - Ho, List of diseases starting with H - Hod-Hol, List of diseases starting with H - Hom-Hoy, List of diseases starting with H - Hs, List of diseases starting with H - Hu, List of diseases starting with H - Hy, List of diseases starting with H - Hya, List of diseases starting with H - Hyd, List of diseases starting with H - Hyg-Hym, List of diseases starting with H - Hyp

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List of diseases starting with H - Hag-Ham. Hageman factor deficiency Hagemoser Weinstein Bresnick syndrome Hailey-Hailey disease Hair defect with photosensitivity and mental retardation Hairy cell leukemia Hairy ears, y-linked Hairy ears Hairy nose tip Hairy palms and soles Hairy tongue Hajdu-Cheney syndrome Halal Setton Wang syndrome Halal syndrome Hall Riggs mental retardation syndromeSee also:

List of diseases starting with H, List of diseases starting with H - Ha, List of diseases starting with H - Hag-Ham, List of diseases starting with H - Han-Hay, List of diseases starting with H - He, List of diseases starting with H - Hea-Hei, List of diseases starting with H - Hel, List of diseases starting with H - Hem, List of diseases starting with H - Hen, List of diseases starting with H - Hep, List of diseases starting with H - Her, List of diseases starting with H - Het-Hex, List of diseases starting with H - Hh, List of diseases starting with H - Hi, List of diseases starting with H - Hib-Hip, List of diseases starting with H - Hir-Hit, List of diseases starting with H - Hm, List of diseases starting with H - Ho, List of diseases starting with H - Hod-Hol, List of diseases starting with H - Hom-Hoy, List of diseases starting with H - Hs, List of diseases starting with H - Hu, List of diseases starting with H - Hy, List of diseases starting with H - Hya, List of diseases starting with H - Hyd, List of diseases starting with H - Hyg-Hym, List of diseases starting with H - Hyp

Read more here: » List of diseases starting with H: Encyclopedia II - List of diseases starting with H - Ha