Hypnagogia (also spelled hypnogogia) and hypnopompia are experiences a person can go through when falling asleep in the case of hypnagogia, or waking up, in the case of hypnopompia. When in a hypnagogic or hypnopompic state a person can have lifelike auditory, visual, or tactile hallucinations (known as hypnagogic hallucinations), perhaps even accompanied by full body paralysis. The individual is aware that these are hallucinations; the frightening part, in many cases, is the inability to react to them, even being ...

Read more here: » Hypnagogia: Encyclopedia - Hypnagogia

Hypnagogic Imagery:

Imagery occurring in the hypnagogic state (occurring while dropping off to sleep).

(See also: Hypnagogic Imagery, Psychic, Psychic Dictionary, Parapsychology, Parapsychology Dictionary)

About four out of ten reported psychic experiences involve some seeming awareness of the future. The term premonition is in general use, and the more clinical word precognition, ('before knowing'), tends to be used by parapsychologists. In descending order of frequency, premonitions come in the form of dreams, waking thoughts, waking imagery and sleep-onset, (hypnagogic), imagery.

Read more here: » Meaning of dreams: Precognitive dreams and premonitions

Practicing this method for many years, I have gotten the impression that "stepping out of the body by will" can be performed in three related states of consciousness:

¥  in trance

¥  in the "half sleep state" (the hypnagogic state before falling asleep)

¥   in lucidity or the state of false awakening

Read more here: » Out of Body Experience: Methods Based On Movement Imagination for Out of Body Experiences

Sleep paralysis is a condition characterized by paralysis of the body shortly after waking up (known as hypnopompic paralysis) or, less often, shortly before falling asleep (known as hypnagogic paralysis). Physiologically, it is closely related to the normal paralysis that occurs during REM sleep, also known as REM atonia. Sleep paralysis occurs when the brain is awakened from a REM state into essentially a normal fully awake state, but the bodily paralysis is still occurring. This causes the person to be fully aware, but unabl ...

Including:

• Sleep paralysis - Accompanying hallucinations
• Sleep paralysis - Possible causes
• Sleep paralysis - Cultural references
• Sleep paralysis - Treatment in literature

Read more here: » Sleep paralysis: Encyclopedia - Sleep paralysis

The first usually spontaneous out of body experiences are impressive, verifying from a practical point of view the existence of a soul. Such experience provides the feeling of being independent of the physical body, of existing without and outside the physical body. In the esoteric field, these stages are declared spiritual evolution and are described in the frame of basic chakra theories.

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A hallucination is a sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulus, as distinct from an illusion, which is a misperception of an external stimulus. Hallucinations may occur in any sensory modality - visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, or mixed. Hallucination - Origins of the word. The word 'hallucinatory' has its roots in the Latin hallucinere or allucinere, meaning 'to wander in mind'. Altenatively in the Greek Including:

• Hallucination - Origins of the word
• Hallucination - Possible causes

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A hag (or crone) is a kind of malevolent, wizened old woman often found in folklore and children's tales such as Hansel and Gretel. The term appears in Middle English, and might be short for hægtesse, an Old English term for witch. [1]. Hag - Hag in folkore. More specifically, a hag or "the Old Hag" was a nightmare spirit in British and also Anglophone North American folklore which is essentially identical to the Anglo-Saxon mæra – a being with roots in ancient Germanic super ...

Including:

• Hag - Hag in folkore
• Hag - In neurobiology
• Hag - In popular culture
• Hag - External link

Read more here: » Hag: Encyclopedia - Hag

Narcolepsy is a neurological condition characterized by severe fatigue, irresistible episodes of sleep and general sleep disorder. It is a kind of dyssomnia. Narcolepsy - Symptoms of narcolepsy. The main characteristic of narcolepsy is overwhelming excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), even after adequate nighttime sleep. A person with narcolepsy is likely to become drowsy or to fall asleep, often at inappropriate times and places. Daytime naps may occur with or without warning and may be irresistible. These ...

Including:

• Narcolepsy - Symptoms of narcolepsy
• Narcolepsy - What happens in narcolepsy
• Narcolepsy - Causes of narcolepsy
• Narcolepsy - Prevalence of narcolepsy
• Narcolepsy - Diagnosis
• Narcolepsy - Treatment
• Narcolepsy - Research
• Narcolepsy - Coping with narcolepsy

Read more here: » Narcolepsy: Encyclopedia - Narcolepsy

Electroencephalography is the neurophysiologic measurement of the electrical activity of the brain by recording from electrodes placed on the scalp, or in the special cases on the cortex. The resulting traces are known as an electroencephalogram (EEG) and represent so-called brainwaves. This device is used to assess brain damage, epilepsy and other problems. In some jurisdictions it is used to assess brain death. EEG can ...

Including:

• Electroencephalography - Methods
• Electroencephalography - Wave types
• Electroencephalography - History
• Electroencephalography - Notes

Read more here: » Electroencephalography: Encyclopedia - Electroencephalography

Khat (Catha edulis, family Celastraceae), pronounced "cot" and also known as qat, gat, tschat, and miraa, is a flowering plant native to tropical East Africa. Believed to be originated in Ethiopia, it is a shrub or small tree growing to 5–8 m tall, with evergreen leaves 5–10 cm long and 1–4 cm broad. The flowers are produced on short axillary cymes 4–8 cm long, each flower small, with five white petals. The fruit is an oblong three-valved capsule containing 1–3 seeds. Khat - C ...

Including:

• Khat - Cultivation and uses
• Khat - Chemistry/pharmacology
• Khat - User population
• Khat - USA
• Khat - Israel
• Khat - Control status

Read more here: » Khat: Encyclopedia - Khat

The term déjà vu (French: "already seen", also called paramnesia) describes the experience of feeling that one has witnessed or experienced a new situation previously. The term was created by a French psychic researcher, Emile Boirac (1851–1917) in his book L'Avenir des sciences psychiques (The Future of Psychic Sciences), which expanded upon an essay he wrote while an undergraduate French concentrator at the University of Chicago. The experience of déjà vu is usually accompanied by a compelling sense ...

Including:

• Déjà vu - Scientific research
• Déjà vu - Links with disorders
• Déjà vu - Parapsychology
• Déjà vu - Dreams
• Déjà vu - Types of déjà vu
• Déjà vu - Déjà vécu
• Déjà vu - Déjà senti
• Déjà vu - Déjà visite
• Déjà vu - Related phenomena
• Déjà vu - Popular References
• Déjà vu - References and notes

Read more here: » Déjà vu: Encyclopedia - Déjà vu

Psychosis is a generic psychiatric term for mental states in which the components of rational thought and perception are severely impaired. Persons experiencing a psychosis may experience hallucinations, hold delusional beliefs (e.g. paranoid delusions), demonstrate personality changes and exhibit disorganized thinking (see thought disorder). This is often accompanied by lack of insight into the unusual or bizarre nature of such behavior, difficulties with social interaction and impairments in carrying out the activities of daily livi ...

Including:

• Psychosis - Overview
• Psychosis - Psychotic experience
• Psychosis - Hallucinations
• Psychosis - Delusions and paranoia
• Psychosis - Thought disorder
• Psychosis - Lack of insight
• Psychosis - Medical understanding of psychosis
• Psychosis - Psychosis and brain function
• Psychosis - Cannabis and psychosis
• Psychosis - Non-psychiatric conditions and psychosis

Read more here: » Psychosis: Encyclopedia - Psychosis

Sleep is the regular state of natural rest observed in all mammals, birds and fish. Sleep is not actually "unconsciousness," but rather, it is a natural state of rest characterized by a reduction in voluntary body movement and decreased awareness of the surroundings. Therefore, since consciousness is literally the awareness of the surroundings, being asleep is just an altered state of consciousness, as opposed to being unconscious. It is heavily influenced by circadian rhythms, and by hormonal and environmental factors as well. Sleep ...

Including:

• Sleep - Sleep physiology
• Sleep - Methodology
• Sleep - Sleep regulation
• Sleep - Stages of sleep
• Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep
• Sleep - Dreaming
• Sleep - Sleep deprivation
• Sleep - Sleep disorders
• Sleep - Animal sleep
• Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better
• Sleep - Drugs and sleep
• Sleep - Sleep aiding
• Sleep - Stimulant drugs

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The expression Old Hag Attack refers to a hypnagogic state in which paralysis is present and, quite often, it is accompanied by terrifying hallucinations. When excessively recurrent, some consider them to be a disorder while many populations treat them as part of their culture as discussed in the sections dealing with the folkloric and mythologic interpretations. For neurobiological correlates of these attacks see, am ...

See also:

Hag, Hag - Hag in folkore, Hag - In neurobiology, Hag - In popular culture, Hag - External link

Read more here: » Hag: Encyclopedia II - Hag - In neurobiology

There is much evidence in existence to support the notion that we all possess the potential to incubate dreams - in other words, conjure up dreams to order. Whether they are romantic encounters, dreams that furnish solutions to problems, or even lucid dreams, with time and effort, they can be evoked. Ancient civilizations were well aware of the potential of dream incubation. The Egyptians, for example, built temples called Serapeums, named after Serapis, the god of dreams. It wasn't unusual for the expectant dreamer to undergo various procedures including cleansing, purging, offering up prayer and so forth, in order to experience the desired dream.

Read more here: » Dream incubation: To evoke a specific dream

The main characteristic of narcolepsy is overwhelming excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), even after adequate nighttime sleep. A person with narcolepsy is likely to become drowsy or to fall asleep, often at inappropriate times and places. Daytime naps may occur with or without warning and may be irresistible. These naps can occur several times a day. Drowsiness may persist for prolonged periods of time. In addition, night- ...

See also:

Narcolepsy, Narcolepsy - Symptoms of narcolepsy, Narcolepsy - What happens in narcolepsy, Narcolepsy - Causes of narcolepsy, Narcolepsy - Prevalence of narcolepsy, Narcolepsy - Diagnosis, Narcolepsy - Treatment, Narcolepsy - Research, Narcolepsy - Coping with narcolepsy

Read more here: » Narcolepsy: Encyclopedia II - Narcolepsy - Symptoms of narcolepsy

The stimulant effect of the plant was originally attributed to cathine, a phenethylamine-type substance isolated from the plant. However, the attribution was disputed by reports showing the plant extracts from fresh leaves contained another substance more behaviorally active than cathine. In 1975, the related alkaloid cathinone was isolated, and its absolute configuration was established in 1978. Cathinone is not very stable and breaks down to produce cathine and norephedrine. These chemicals belong to the PPA (phenylpropanolamine) family, a subset of the phenethylamines related to amphetamines and the ...

See also:

Khat, Khat - Cultivation and uses, Khat - Chemistry/pharmacology, Khat - User population, Khat - USA, Khat - Israel, Khat - Control status

Read more here: » Khat: Encyclopedia II - Khat - Chemistry/pharmacology

In the 1999 motion picture The Matrix, the character of Neo experiences déjà vu (though the experience somewhat differs: Neo sees a black cat go past two times consecutively). Trinity explains to Neo that "the déjà vu is usually a glitch in the Matrix. It happens when they (Matrix agents) change something." Déjà vu is the name of a Giant Inverted Boomerang ("Super Invertigo") roller coaster by Vekoma that is operating at Six Flags America, Six ...

See also:

Déjà vu, Déjà vu - Scientific research, Déjà vu - Links with disorders, Déjà vu - Parapsychology, Déjà vu - Dreams, Déjà vu - Related phenomena, Déjà vu - Popular References

Read more here: » Déjà vu: Encyclopedia II - Déjà vu - Popular References

Little is known about the physiology of sleep paralysis. However, some have suggested that it may be linked to post-synaptic inhibition of motor neurons in the pons region of the brain. In particular, low levels of melatonin may stop the depolarisation current in the nerves, which prevents the stimulation of the muscles. There is also a significant positive correlation between those experiencing this disorder frequently and those suffering from narcolepsy. However, various studies suggest that many or most people will experience sle ...

See also:

Sleep paralysis, Sleep paralysis - Accompanying hallucinations, Sleep paralysis - Possible causes, Sleep paralysis - Cultural references, Sleep paralysis - Treatment in literature

Read more here: » Sleep paralysis: Encyclopedia II - Sleep paralysis - Possible causes