hypercholesterolemia - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Fibrate: Encyclopedia Ii - Fibrate - Uses
Fibrates are used as accessory therapy in many forms of hypercholesterolemia, usually in combination with statins. Trials do support its ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study: Encyclopedia - Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study
The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (also known under the abbreviation 4S) is a multicenter clinical trial that was performed in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cholesterol: Encyclopedia - Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a steroid, a lipid, and an alcohol, found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bile Acid Sequestrant: Encyclopedia - Bile Acid Sequestrant
In pharmacology, bile acid sequestrants are a group of medications used for binding bile in the gastrointestinal tract, used for the trea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cholestyramine: Encyclopedia - Cholestyramine
Cholestyramine (Questran®, Questran Light®, Cholybar®) is a bile acid sequestrant, which binds bile in the gastrointestinal tract to p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fibrate: Encyclopedia Ii - Fibrate - Pharmacology
Although used clinically since the early 1970s, the mechanism of action of fibrates remained unelucidated until, in the 1990s, it was dis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Combined Hyperlipidemia: Encyclopedia - Combined Hyperlipidemia
In medicine, combined hyperlipidemia (or -aemia) is a commonly occurring form of hypercholesterolemia (elevated cholesterol levels) chara...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fibrate: Encyclopedia Ii - Fibrate - Side-effects
Most fibrates can cause mild stomach upset and myopathy (muscle pain with CPK elevations). In combination with statin drugs, fibrates cau...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transient Ischemic Attack: Encyclopedia Ii - Transient Ischemic Attack - Causes
The most common cause of a TIA is an embolus (a small blood clot) that occludes an artery in the brain. This most frequently arises from ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Pathophysiology
Myocardial infarction - Ischemia and infarction. The underlying mechanism of a heart attack is the destruction of heart muscle cells du...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome - Treatment
LGS seizures are often treatment resistant, but this does not mean that treatment is futile. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome - Pharmacological. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Synthetic Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Synthetic Language - Forms Of Synthesis
There are several ways in which a language can exhibit synthetic characteristics: Synthetic language - Derivational synthesis. In deriv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 1. Infectious And Parasitic Diseases 001-139
List of ICD-9 codes - Intestinal infectious diseases 001-009. (001) Cholera (002) Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (003) Other Salmonell...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Simvastatin: Encyclopedia Ii - Simvastatin - Rationing
Since its introduction, there has been a large debate surrounding the price for lipid-lowering treatment and its benefits on atherosclero...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Neomycin: Encyclopedia Ii - Neomycin - Spectrum
Neomycin has a broad spectrum of effect, killing both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is relatively toxic to humans, and som...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Publications In Medicine: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Publications In Medicine - Recent Studies
Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observation on male British doctors Authors: R. Doll, R. Peto, J. Boreham, I. Sutherland Pub...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Policosanol: Encyclopedia Ii - Policosanol - Studies
There have been a number of clinical studies, with both human and animal subjects, on the effects of policosanol and on its major compone...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nephrotic Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Nephrotic Syndrome - Pathogenesis
The glomeruli of the kidneys are the parts that normally filter the blood. They consist of capillaries that are fenestrated (leaky, due t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Dhea-dheas
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is the sulfated version of DHEA, - this conversion is reversibly catalyzed by sulfotransferase (SU...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Muesli: Encyclopedia Ii - Muesli - History
Muesli was invented in 1900 by Swiss doctor Maximilian Bircher-Benner for patients in his hospital. The term is a Swiss German diminutive...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cholesterol: Encyclopedia Ii - Cholesterol - Physiology
Cholesterol - Synthesis and intake. Cholesterol is primarily synthesized from acetyl CoA through the HMG-CoA reductase pathway in many ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rosuvastatin: Encyclopedia Ii - Rosuvastatin - Mechanism Of Action
See the article on statins for more details. Rosuvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, having a mechanism ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kidney Transplantation: Encyclopedia Ii - Kidney Transplantation - Kidney-pancreas Transplant
Occasionally, the kidney is transplanted together with the pancreas. This is done in patients with diabetes mellitus type I, in whom the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Statin: Encyclopedia Ii - Statin - Pharmacology
Statin - Groups. Two groups of statins exist: Fermentation-derived: lovastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin Synthetic: fluvastatin, at...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pesco/pollo Vegetarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Pesco/pollo Vegetarianism - Terminology
Terms for these diets arose in response to growing numbers of people (particularly in the United States) who have systematically restrict...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Pathophysiology
Myocardial infarction - Ischemia and infarction. The underlying mechanism of a heart attack is the destruction of heart muscle cells du...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hyperlipoproteinemia: Encyclopedia Ii - Hyperlipoproteinemia - Hyperlipoproteinemia Type Ii
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II is hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia) in the Fredrickson classification, which is determined by lipoprote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Statin: Encyclopedia Ii - Statin - Uses
Statins, the most potent cholesterol-lowering agents, lower LDL-cholesterol (so-called "bad cholesterol") by 30–50%. However, they have...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pesco/pollo Vegetarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Pesco/pollo Vegetarianism - Terminology Objections
Most objections to these new terms come from those who feel that pesco/pollo-vegetarians are misrepresenting themselves. Some fear that t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nephrotic Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Nephrotic Syndrome - Differential Diagnosis
In children, 80% of nephrotic syndrome is caused by minimal change disease, so called because on renal biopsy there is no change on light...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Diagnosis
Myocardial infarctions vary greatly in severity. Classical cases of myocardial infarction are often identified by ambulance staff, emerge...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Production
DHEA is produced from cholesterol through two cytochrome P450 enzymes. Cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone by the enzyme P450 scc (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rosuvastatin: Encyclopedia Ii - Rosuvastatin - Indications And Regulation
Rosuvastatin is indicated for the treatment of elevated LDL cholesterol (dyslipidemia), total cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) and/or t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Role Of Dhea
In a simple view DHEA can be understood as a prohormone for the sex steroids. Its DHEAS variation may be looked at as buffer and reservoi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Symptoms
Acute myocardial infarction is usually characterized by varying degrees of chest pain, discomfort, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Statin: Encyclopedia Ii - Statin - Uses
Statins, the most potent cholesterol-lowering agents, lower LDL-cholesterol (so-called "bad cholesterol") by 30–50%. However, they have...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Policosanol: Encyclopedia Ii - Policosanol - Physical Properties
Policosanol is a mixture of a few fatty alcohols derived from the waxes of such plants as sugar cane and yams, as well as beeswax. The mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - History
Before the discovery of the electrocardiogram, it was impossible to objectively diagnose myocardial infarction. The term angina pectoris ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Treatment
A heart attack, especially because of cardiac arrhythmias, is often a life-threatening medical emergency which demands both immediate att...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Simvastatin: Encyclopedia Ii - Simvastatin - Uses
Simvastatin is a powerful lipid-lowering drug that can decrease low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels by up to 50%. It is used in doses of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Statin: Encyclopedia Ii - Statin - History
Dr Akira Endo and Dr Masao Kuroda of Tokyo, Japan commenced research into inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase in 1971 (Endo 1992). This team ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Simvastatin: Encyclopedia Ii - Simvastatin - Pharmacology
All statins act by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the HMG-CoA reductase pathway, the metabolic pathway respons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Symptoms
Acute myocardial infarction is usually characterized by varying degrees of chest pain, discomfort, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - First Aid
Myocardial infarction - Immediate care. As myocardial infarction is a common medical emergency, the signs are often part of first aid c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Statin: Encyclopedia Ii - Statin - Safety
While many patients develop muscle cramps and gastrointestinal upset on statin therapy, these usually resolve on temporarily lowering the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 16. Symptoms Signs And Ill-defined Conditions 780-799
List of ICD-9 codes - symptoms 780-789. (780) General symptoms (780.0) Alteration of consciousness (780.01) Coma, nondiabetic, nonhe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Synthetic Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Synthetic Language - Degrees Of Synthesis
In order to demonstrate the "continuum" nature of the isolating-synthetic-polysynthetic classification, some examples are shown below: S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - History
Before the discovery of the electrocardiogram, it was impossible to objectively diagnose myocardial infarction. The term angina pectoris ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Treatment
A heart attack, especially because of cardiac arrhythmias, is often a life-threatening medical emergency which demands both immediate att...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome - Characteristics
As a rule, the age of seizure onset in LGS is between two and six years old. However, some patients get their first seizure within the fi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome - Incidence And Prevalence
Approximately 5% of children with epilepsy have LGS, and is more common in males than females. Whereas some children seem perfectly norma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome - Diagnosis
Generally speaking, LGS can often only be defined as a syndrome and/or distinguished from other syndromes because there are various overl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Lennox-gastaut Syndrome - Causes
There is no uniform cause: in 20% of the concerned, the LGS develops from the West syndrome. The medical history frequently includes infa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - First Aid
Myocardial infarction - Immediate care. As myocardial infarction is a common medical emergency, the signs are often part of first aid c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Diagnosis
Myocardial infarctions vary greatly in severity. Classical cases of myocardial infarction are often identified by ambulance staff, emerge...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Production
Only in humans is DHEA the dominant steroid hormone. Humans produce DHEA in greater quantity than any other species. Even non-human prima...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cholesterol: Encyclopedia Ii - Cholesterol - Role In Atheromatous Disease
See also the main article hypercholesterolemia In conditions with elevated concentrations of LDL particles, especially small LDL particle...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Role Of Dhea
In a simple view DHEA can be understood as a prohormone for the sex steroids. Its DHEAS variation may be looked at as buffer and reservoi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Disputed Effects Of Dhea
The significance of the hormone in health and disease is not fully established. It is postulated that DHEA supplements are beneficial in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Myocardial Infarction: Encyclopedia Ii - Myocardial Infarction - Symptoms
Acute myocardial infarction is usually characterized by varying degrees of chest pain or discomfort, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dehydroepiandrosterone: Encyclopedia Ii - Dehydroepiandrosterone - Precautions
Some assert that DHEA should not be supplemented outside specialist centres under careful observation of experts in the field of endocrin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 2. Neoplasms 140-239
Excellent overview here of primary/secondary/in situ/benign List of ICD-9 codes - malignant neoplasm of lip oral cavity and pharynx 140-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 3. Endocrine Nutritional And Metabolic Diseases And Immunity Disorders 240-279
List of ICD-9 codes - disorders of thyroid gland 240-246. (240) Simple and unspecified goiter (240.9) Goiter, unspec. (241) Nontoxi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 14. Congenital Anomalies 740-759
List of ICD-9 codes - congenital anomalies 740-759. (740) Anencephalus and similar anomalies (740.0) Anencephalus (741) Spina bifid...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 13. Diseases Of The Musculoskeletal System And Connective Tissue 710-739
List of ICD-9 codes - arthropathies and related disorders 710-719. (710) Diffuse diseases of connective tissue (710.0) Systemic lupus...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 12. Diseases Of The Skin And Subcutaneous Tissue 680-709
List of ICD-9 codes - infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue 680-686. (680) Carbuncle and furuncle (680.0) Boil, face (680.1) Boi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 15. Certain Conditions Originating In The Perinatal Period 760-779
List of ICD-9 codes - maternal causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality 760-763. (760) Fetus or newborn affected by material condit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 17. Injury And Poisoning 800-999
List of ICD-9 codes - fracture of skull 800-804. (800) Fracture of vault of skull (801) Fracture of base of skull (802) Fracture of fa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Publications In Medicine: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Publications In Medicine - Endocrinology
Pancreatic extracts in the treatment of diabetes mellitus Author: Banting FG, Best CH, Collip JB, Campbell WR, Fletcher AA Publication ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Publications In Medicine: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Publications In Medicine - Biostatistics
Biostatistics : A Bayesian Introduction Authors: George G. Woodworth Publication data: Wiley-Interscience (August 20, 2004) ISBN 047...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 11. Complications Of Pregnancy Childbirth And The Puerperium 630-676
List of ICD-9 codes - ectopic and molar pregnancy 630-633. (630) Hydatidiform mole (631) Other abnormal product of conception (632) Ab...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 10. Diseases Of The Genitourinary System 580-629
List of ICD-9 codes - nephritis nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis 580-589. (580) Acute glomerulonephritis (580.9) Glomerulonephritis, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 5. Mental Disorders 290-319
List of ICD-9 codes - psychoses 290-299. List of ICD-9 codes - organic psychotic conditions 290-294. (290) Senile and presenile orga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 4. Diseases Of The Blood And Blood-forming Organs 280-289
List of ICD-9 codes - diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs 280-289. (280) Iron deficiency anemias (280.0) Iron deficiency a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 6. Diseases Of The Nervous System And Sense Organs 320-389
List of ICD-9 codes - inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system 320-326. (320) Bacterial meningitis (320.0) Meningitis, hem...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 7. Diseases Of The Circulatory System 390-459
List of ICD-9 codes - acute rheumatic fever 390-392. (390) Rheumatic fever without mention of heart involvement (391) Rheumatic fever ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 9. Diseases Of The Digestive System 520-579
List of ICD-9 codes - diseases of oral cavity salivary glands and jaws 520-529. (520) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (521...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Icd-9 Codes: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Icd-9 Codes - 8. Diseases Of The Respiratory System 460-519
List of ICD-9 codes - acute respiratory infections 460-466. (460) Acute nasopharyngitis (common cold) (461) Acute sinusitis (461.0) S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Publications In Medicine: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Publications In Medicine - Pediatrics
... See also:List of publications in medicine, List of publications in medicine - Foundations, List of publications in medicine - Rec...   » Read the article