Iron(II) sulfate, also known as ferrous sulfate and as copperas (FeSO4) is an example of an ionic compound. It is found in various states of hydration (FeSO4·H2O, FeSO4·4H2O, FeSO4·5H2O, FeSO4·7H2O); the heptahydrate is also called green vitriol, copperas, or melanterite (a mineral that commonly occurs with pyrite). Iron(II) sulfate has a blue-green color, monoclinic crystal structure, and is water-soluble. Its molecula ...

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IronII sulfate - Clinical uses

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The mineraloid opal is amorphous SiO2·nH2O; hydrated silicon dioxide, the water content sometimes being as high as 20%. Opal ranges from colorless through white, milky blue, gray, red, yellow, green, brown and black. Often many of these colors can be seen at once, caused by interference and diffraction of light passing through minute, regularly arranged apertures within the microstructure of opal, known as Bragg's lattice. These apertures are filled with secondary silica and form thin lamellae insi ...

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Opal - Common opal Opal - Sources of opal Opal - Synthetic opal

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In cooking, brining is a process similar to marination in which meat is soaked in a salt solution (the brine) before cooking. Brining makes cooked meat moister by hydrating the cells of its muscle tissue before cooking, via the process of osmosis, and by allowing the cells to hold on to the water while they are cooked, via the process of denaturation. The brine surrounding the cells has a higher concentration of salt than the fluid within the cells, but the cell fluid has a higher concentration of other solutes. This leads salt ...

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Calcium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is a colorless crystal or white powder, and is created when calcium oxide (called lime or quicklime) is slaked with water. It can also be created by mixing an wiktionary:aqueous solution of calcium chloride and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. A traditional name for calcium hydroxide is slaked lime, or hydrated lime. If heated, calcium hydroxide decomposes into calcium oxide and water. A solution of calc ...

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Calcium hydroxide - Uses Calcium hydroxide - Health risks

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Copper(II) carbonate (often called copper carbonate or cupric carbonate) is a blue-green compound (chemical formula CuCO3) forming most of the patina one sees on weathered brass, bronze, and copper. The color can vary from bright blue to green, because there may be a mixture of both copper carbonate and basic copper carbonate in various stages of hydration. It was formerly much used as a pigment, and is still in use for artist's colours. When powdered, it is a fire hazard. It is also been used in some types of make-up, like lipst ...

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Copper(II) sulfate, copper(II) sulphate, or blue vitriol (CuSO4) is the most common copper salt, made by the action of sulfuric acid on the base copper(II) oxide. The anhydrous form is a pale green or gray-white powder, while the hydrated form is bright blue. The archaic name for copper(II) sulfate was cupric sulfate. Some common names are: blue stone and blue vitriol. Copper(II) sulfate is a desiccant. As such, it most commonly occurs in nature as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4  ...

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Viridian is a blue-green pigment, a hydrated oxide of chromium, of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed more of green than blue. Viridian takes its name from the Latin viridis meaning "green". Before Windows 2000 adopted Teal as default desktop color, viridian was the default color for Windows 9x operating systems. See also. List of colors Viridian design movement: a popular design movement based on a bright green philosophy. Including:

Viridian - External link

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Vivianite Fe3(PO4)2·8(H2O), hydrated iron phosphate, is a secondary mineral found in a number of geological environments. Usually found as deep blue to deep bluish green prismatic to flattened crystals, most crystals rather small to microscopic, larger ones are rare. It is formed by the alteration of ore deposits near the surface, or of primary phosphates in pegmatites. Vivianite crystals are often found inside fossil shells, such as those of biva ...

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Variscite AlPO4·2H2O, hydrated aluminium phosphate, is a relatively rare phosphate mineral. It is sometimes confused with turquoise, however, variscite is usually greener in colour. Variscite is formed by direct deposition from phosphate bearing water that has reacted with aluminium rich rocks in a near-surface environment. It occurs as fine-grained masses in nodules, cavity fillings, and crusts. Variscite often contains veins of the mineral crandallite. Variscite is sometimes used as a semi-precious stone, and is popular for carvings and ornamental use. It is named after Varis ...

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In construction, concrete is a composite building material made from the combination of aggregate and cement binder. The most common form of concrete is Portland cement concrete, which consists of mineral aggregate (generally gravel and sand), Portland cement and water. Contrary to common belief, concrete does not solidify from drying after mixing and placement. Instead, the cement hydrates, gluing the other components together and eventually creating a stone-like material. When used in the generic sense, this is the material referred ...

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Concrete - History Concrete - Characteristics
Concrete - Cracking
Concrete - Additives Concrete - Workability Concrete - Self compacting concretes Concrete - Shotcrete / sprayed concrete Concrete - External link

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Hydrates are ionic compounds that have absorbed water. They are named as the ionic compound followed by a numerical prefix and -hydrate. The numerical prefixes used are listed below: mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca- For example, CuSO4 · 5H2O is "copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate". ...

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IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Naming simple ionic compounds, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - List of common ion names, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Naming hydrates, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Naming molecular compounds, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Naming acids, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Compositional nomenclature, IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry - Substitutive nomenclature

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Ethanol is produced both as a petrochemical, through the hydration of ethylene, and biologically, by fermenting sugars with yeast. Ethanol - Ethylene hydration. Ethanol for use as industrial feedstock and is most often made from petroleum feedstocks, typically by the acid-catalyzed hydration of ethylene, represented by the chemical equation H2C=CH2 + H2O → ...

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Ethanol, Ethanol - History, Ethanol - Production, Ethanol - Ethylene hydration, Ethanol - Fermentation, Ethanol - Purification, Ethanol - Denatured alcohol, Ethanol - Use, Ethanol - As a fuel, Ethanol - Chemicals derived from ethanol, Ethanol - Other uses, Ethanol - Metabolism and toxicology, Ethanol - Hazards

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Electrophile - Alkenes. Electrophilic addition is one of the three main forms of reacting concerning alkenes. They consist of: Hydrogenation by the addition of hydrogen over the double bond. Electrophilic Addition reactions with halogens and sulphuric Acid. Hydration to form alcohols. Electrophile - Addition Reactions. These occur between Alkenes and electrophiles, often halogens. Common reactions include use of bromine water to titrate against a sample to deduce ...

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Electrophile, Electrophile - Electrophiles in Organic Chemistry, Electrophile - Alkenes, Electrophile - Addition Reactions, Electrophile - Hydration

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A classical synthesis of this ionic solid involves the action of hydrogen chloride on iron metal. Fe + 2 HCl → FeCl2 + H2 A convenient laboratory synthesis of FeCl2 entails the reaction of FeCl3 with chlorobenzene: 2FeCl3 + C6H5Cl → 2FeCl2 + C6H4Cl2 + HCl FeCl2 prepared in this way exhibits convenient solubility in tetrahydrofu ...

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IronII chloride, IronII chloride - Synthesis, IronII chloride - Structure, IronII chloride - Hydrated and aqueous ferrous chloride, IronII chloride - Suppliers/Manufacturers

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Because of the potential for severe dehydration and other complications, HG is generally treated as a medical emergency. Treatment of HG may include antiemetic medications and intravenous rehydration. If medication and IV hydration are insufficient nutritional support may be required. Management of HG can be complicated because not all women respond to treatment. Coping strategies for uncomplicated morning sickness -- which may include eating a bland diet and eating before rising in the morning -- may be of some assistance but are unl ...

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Hyperemesis gravidarum, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Symptoms, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the pregnant woman, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the fetus, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Treatment, Hyperemesis gravidarum - IV hydration, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Medications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Nutritional Support, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Cause

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Mechanical weathering is the cause of the disintegration of rocks or wood. Most of the times it produces smaller angular fragments (like scree) as compared to chemical weathering. However, chemical and physical weathering often go hand in hand. For example, cracks exploited by mechanical weathering will increase the surface area exposed to chemical action. Furthermore, the chemical action at minerals in cracks can aid the disintegration pr ...

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Weathering, Weathering - Mechanical Physical Weathering, Weathering - Exfoliation, Weathering - Freeze-thaw, Weathering - Pressure release, Weathering - Salt-crystal growth, Weathering - Organic Activity, Weathering - Abrasion, Weathering - Chemical Weathering, Weathering - Carbonation-solution, Weathering - Hydration, Weathering - Hydrolysis, Weathering - Oxidation, Weathering - Acids rain and plants

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When HG is severe and/or inadequately treated, it may result in: loss of 5% or more of pre-pregnancy body weight dehydration and ketosis nutritional deficiencies metabolic imbalances difficulty with daily activities Some women with HG lose as much as 20% of their body weight. Many sufferers of HG are extremely sensitive to odors in their environment; certain smells may exacerbate symptoms. This is known as hyper olfaction. Ptyalism, or hypersalvation, is another symptom experie ...

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Hyperemesis gravidarum, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Symptoms, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the pregnant woman, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the fetus, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Treatment, Hyperemesis gravidarum - IV hydration, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Medications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Nutritional Support, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Cause

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Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the pregnant woman. If inadequately treated, HG can cause renal failure, central pontine myelinolysis, coagulopathy, atrophy , Mallory-Weiss syndrome, hypoglycemia, jaundice, malnutrition, Wernicke's encephalopathy, pneumomediastinum, rhabdomyolysis, deconditioning, splenic avulsion and vasospasms of cerebral arteries. Depression is a common secondary complication of HG. Charlotte Bronte is believed to have died from HG. The serious, and sometimes fatal complications of HG are almost always avoided with aggressive treatment. ...

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Hyperemesis gravidarum, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Symptoms, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the pregnant woman, Hyperemesis gravidarum - For the fetus, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Treatment, Hyperemesis gravidarum - IV hydration, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Medications, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Nutritional Support, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hyperemesis gravidarum - Cause

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Mechanical weathering is the cause of the disintegration of rocks or, wood. Most of the times it produces smaller angular fragments (like scree,) as compared to chemical weathering. However, chemical and physical weathering often go hand in hand. For example, cracks exploited by mechanical weathering will increase the surface area exposed to chemical action. Furthermore, the chemical action at minerals in cracks can aid the disintegration pr ...

See also:

Weathering, Weathering - Mechanical Physical Weathering, Weathering - Exfoliation, Weathering - Freeze-thaw, Weathering - Pressure release, Weathering - Salt-crystal growth, Weathering - Organic Activity, Weathering - Abrasion, Weathering - Chemical Weathering, Weathering - Carbonation-solution, Weathering - Hydration, Weathering - Hydrolysis, Weathering - Oxidation, Weathering - Acids rain and plants

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In most jurisdictions, the sale of ethanol, as a pure substance or in the form of alcoholic beverages, is heavily taxed. In order to to relieve non-beverage industries of this tax burden, governments specify formulations for denatured alcohol, ethanol blended with various additives to render it unfit for human consumption. These additives, called denaturants, are generally either toxic (such as methanol) or have unpleasant t ...

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Ethanol, Ethanol - History, Ethanol - Production, Ethanol - Ethylene hydration, Ethanol - Fermentation, Ethanol - Purification, Ethanol - Denatured alcohol, Ethanol - Use, Ethanol - As a fuel, Ethanol - Chemicals derived from ethanol, Ethanol - Other uses, Ethanol - Metabolism and toxicology, Ethanol - Hazards

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Ethanol - As a fuel. Main article: alcohol fuel The largest single use of ethanol is as a motor fuel and fuel additive. The largest national fuel ethanol industries exist in Brazil and the United States. The Brazilian ethanol industry is based on sugarcane; as of 2004, Brazil produces 14 billion liters annually, enough to replace about 40% of its gasoline demand. Most new cars sold in Brazil are flexible-fuel vehicles that can run on ethanol, gas ...

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Ethanol, Ethanol - History, Ethanol - Production, Ethanol - Ethylene hydration, Ethanol - Fermentation, Ethanol - Purification, Ethanol - Denatured alcohol, Ethanol - Use, Ethanol - As a fuel, Ethanol - Chemicals derived from ethanol, Ethanol - Other uses, Ethanol - Metabolism and toxicology, Ethanol - Hazards

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