The term Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes, lit. "holy seat") refers in its original sense to the episcopal see of Rome, of which the Pope is the diocesan bishop (technically, the ordinary). Currently, Benedict XVI is the ordinary of the Holy See. In the sense more widely used today, as defined in canon law, the Holy See refers to the Pope, the Roman Curia, and associated institutions, in effec ...

Including:

• Holy See - The Holy See and Vatican City
• Holy See - Organization of the Holy See

Read more here: » Holy See: Encyclopedia - Holy See

See also:

Holy See, Holy See - The Holy See and Vatican City, Holy See - Organization of the Holy See

Read more here: » Holy See: Encyclopedia II - Holy See - Organization of the Holy See

The Pope governs the Church through the Roman Curia. The Roman Curia consists of the Secretariat of State (Vatican), nine Congregations, three Tribunals, 11 Pontifical Councils, and a complex of offices that administer church affairs at the highest level. The Secretariat of State, under the Cardinal Secretary of State, directs and coordinates the Curia. The current incumbent, Angelo Cardinal Sodano, is the Holy See's equivalent of a prime minister. Archbishop Giovanni Lajolo, Secretary of the Section for Relations With States of the Secretar ...

See also:

Holy See, Holy See - The Holy See and Vatican City, Holy See - Organization of the Holy See

Read more here: » Holy See: Encyclopedia II - Holy See - Organization of the Holy See

In the several centuries following the founding of Christianity, five particular cities and centers of Christianity were considered to be the Apostolic Sees. The Churches in each of these cities was considered Apostolic because it was founded (at least allegedly) by one of the Apostles. Rome, in present-day Italy, from the Apostle Saint Peter. Constantinople, now Istanbul in present-day Turkey, from the Apostle Saint Andrew. (See Patriarch of Constantinople.) Antioch, in pres ...

Including:

• Apostolic See - Present day

Read more here: » Apostolic See: Encyclopedia - Apostolic See

In the canon law of the Catholic Church, sede vacante is the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church. It is Latin for "the seat being vacant" (the ablative absolute to sedes vacans "vacant seat"), referring to the cathedra of the particular church. This means that for a diocese the diocesan bishop has either died, resigned, transferred to a different diocese, or lost his office. If there is a coadjutor bishop for the church, then this period does not take place as a coadjuto ...

Including:

• Sede vacante - Vacancy of the Holy See
• Sede vacante - List of sede vacante periods since the 19th century

Read more here: » Sede vacante: Encyclopedia - Sede vacante

Vatican City — formally State of the Vatican City, or Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano, Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae) — is an ecclesiastical sovereign landlocked enclave surrounded by Rome, Italy. The modern-day home of the popes, it is the smallest independent nation state in the world in terms of area and population (that is if the Knights Hospitaller is not counted as a country). It is administered by the Holy See, the ecclesiastical seat ...

Including:

• Vatican City - History
• Vatican City - Government
• Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City
• Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See
• Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square
• Vatican City - Geography
• Vatican City - Economy
• Vatican City - Demographics
• Vatican City - Foreign relations
• Vatican City - Culture
• Vatican City - Crime
• Vatican City - Transport and communications
• Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Vatican City: Encyclopedia - Vatican City

The Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association (Chinese: 中国天主教爱国会, pinyin: Zhōngguó Tiānzhǔjiào Àiguó Huì), abbreviated CPA, CPCA, or CCPA, is the organizational body of adherents of Catholic Christianity in China in schism from the Roman Catholic Church and instead, sanctioned by the communist government of the People's Republic of China. Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Beijing Government. Officially, religious organizations in mainland ...

Including:

• Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Beijing Government
• Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Roman Catholic Church
• Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Effects on China-Holy See relations
• Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Other patriotic Churches

Read more here: » Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association: Encyclopedia - Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association

Bishop of Rome is an ecclesiastical office and title of the Patriarch of Rome, the Pope. The first Patriarch of Rome to bear the title of "Pope" was Boniface III in 607, the first to assume the title of "Universal Bishop" by decree of Emperor Phocas. Earlier Bishops of Rome are customarily extended the title Pope as a courtesy, except in strict historical discourse. The title "Bishop of Rome" is also used in preference to Pope by some members of Eastern Orthodox denominations, to reflect their rejec ...

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Traditionalist Catholic and traditional Catholic are terms used to refer to Roman Catholics who want to see the worship and customs of the general body of Roman Catholics return to those prevailing before the reforms of the 1960s. Many of them claim that, since then, the presentation and the understanding of the Church's teaching have changed, at least in emphasis, to an unacceptable degree; some exclude from the meaning of the two terms those whose views on this matter are more liberal. Traditionalist Cath ...

Including:

• Traditionalist Catholic - Survey of traditional groups
• Traditionalist Catholic - Traditionalist beliefs
• Traditionalist Catholic - Places of worship
• Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with other Catholic groups
• Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with the Holy See
• Traditionalist Catholic - Doctrinal and Liturgical Issues
• Traditionalist Catholic - Important Figures
• Traditionalist Catholic - Historical Events
• Traditionalist Catholic - Notable Organizations

Read more here: » Traditionalist Catholic: Encyclopedia - Traditionalist Catholic

The practice of carrying standards, to act both as a rallying point for troops, and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Egypt some 5,000 years ago. It was formalised in the armies of medieval Europe, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms. As armies became trained and adopted set formations, each regiment's ability to keep its formation was potentially critical to its, and therefore its army's, success. In the chaos of battle ...

Including:

• Colours standards and guidons - Origins
• Colours standards and guidons - Colours
• Colours standards and guidons - United Kingdom and other Commonwealth nations
• Colours standards and guidons - Royal Marines
• Colours standards and guidons - The Royal Navy
• Colours standards and guidons - The Royal Air Force
• Colours standards and guidons - Australia and Canada
• Colours standards and guidons - United States
• Colours standards and guidons - Russia
• Colours standards and guidons - China
• Colours standards and guidons - European monarchies
• Colours standards and guidons - European republics
• Colours standards and guidons - Holy See
• Colours standards and guidons - South American nations
• Colours standards and guidons - Guidons and Standards
• Colours standards and guidons - United Kingdom and Commonwealth
• Colours standards and guidons - United States
• Colours standards and guidons - Other nations
• Colours standards and guidons - Guns
• Colours standards and guidons - Etiquette

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The Cadaver Synod (also called the Cadaver Trial or, in Latin, the Synodus Horrenda) is the name commonly given to the posthumous ecclesiastical trial of Pope Formosus, held in Rome on January of 897. During the proceedings, the decomposing body of Formosus, who had been dead for nine months, was dressed in his papal vestments and seated on a throne while his successor, Pope Stephen VII, read the charges against him and conducted the trial. The Cadaver Synod is remembered as one of the most bizarre episodes in the ...

Including:

• Cadaver Synod - The synod
• Cadaver Synod - Historical context
• Cadaver Synod - Aftermath
• Cadaver Synod - In literature

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In 1976 Diarmuid Martin began to work in the service of the Holy See for the Pontifical Council for the Family. He later worked on the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, being appointed the Under Secretary in 1986 and the Secretary in 1994. On 6 January 1999 he was ordained as Titular Bishop of Glendalough by Pope John Paul II. On 17 January 2001, he was appointed Titular Archbishop of the same diocese. This marked his appointment as the Holy See Permanent Observer in Geneva, at the United Nations Office and Specialised Agencies and a ...

See also:

Diarmuid Martin, Diarmuid Martin - Early Life and Education, Diarmuid Martin - Pastoral Experience, Diarmuid Martin - Work for the Holy See, Diarmuid Martin - Archbishop of Dublin, Diarmuid Martin - Family

Read more here: » Diarmuid Martin: Encyclopedia II - Diarmuid Martin - Work for the Holy See

More particularly, sede vacante refers to the vacancy of the Holy See, which occurs after the death or resignation of a pope. In this case the particular church is the diocese of Rome and the "vacant seat" is the cathedra of Saint John Lateran. During this period, the Holy See is administered by a regency of the College of Cardinals. According to Universi Dominici Gregis, the government of the Holy See sede vacante (and therefore of the Catholic Church) falls to the College of Cardinals, but in a ver ...

See also:

Sede vacante, Sede vacante - Vacancy of the Holy See, Sede vacante - List of sede vacante periods since the 19th century

Read more here: » Sede vacante: Encyclopedia II - Sede vacante - Vacancy of the Holy See

The relations of traditionalist Catholics with the Holy See naturally vary according to their attitude in its regard. In denying the legitimacy of the present Pope, sedevacantists also deny the authority of the decrees that he, and the Holy See in general, issue. If a sedevacantist group is headed by someone whom they call the true Pope, they may apply the term "Holy See" to their own group or part of it, instead of using it as ordinarily understood. Some traditionalist Catholics do not deny the legitimacy of the Pope, but, as ...

See also:

Traditionalist Catholic, Traditionalist Catholic - Survey of traditional groups, Traditionalist Catholic - Traditionalist beliefs, Traditionalist Catholic - Places of worship, Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with other Catholic groups, Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with the Holy See, Traditionalist Catholic - Doctrinal and Liturgical Issues, Traditionalist Catholic - Important Figures, Traditionalist Catholic - Historical Events, Traditionalist Catholic - Notable Organizations

Read more here: » Traditionalist Catholic: Encyclopedia II - Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with the Holy See

The relations of traditionalist Catholics with the Holy See naturally vary according to their attitude in its regard. In denying the legitimacy of the present Pope, sedevacantists also deny the authority of the decrees that he, and the Holy See in general, issue. If a sedevacantist group is headed by someone whom they call the true Pope, they may apply the term "Holy See" to their own group or part of it, instead of using it as ordinarily understood. Some traditionalist Catholics do not deny the legitimacy of the Pope, but, as ...

See also:

Traditionalist Catholic, Traditionalist Catholic - Survey of traditional groups, Traditionalist Catholic - Traditionalist beliefs, Traditionalist Catholic - Practices of traditionalist Catholics, Traditionalist Catholic - Places of worship, Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with other Catholic groups, Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with the Holy See, Traditionalist Catholic - Doctrinal and Liturgical Issues, Traditionalist Catholic - Important Figures, Traditionalist Catholic - Historical Events, Traditionalist Catholic - Notable Organizations

Read more here: » Traditionalist Catholic: Encyclopedia II - Traditionalist Catholic - Relations with the Holy See

The Pope rules the Holy See through the Roman Curia and the Papal Civil Service. The Roman Curia consists of the Secretariat of State (Vatican), nine Congregations, three Tribunals, twelve Pontifical Councils, and a complex of offices that administer church affairs at the highest level. The Secretariat of State, under the Cardinal Secretary of State, directs and coordinates the Curia. The current incumbent, Angelo Cardinal Sodano, is the Holy See's equivalent of a prime minister. Archbishop Giovanni Lajolo, Secretary of the Section for Relat ...

See also:

Politics of the Vatican City, Politics of the Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Politics of the Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Politics of the Vatican City - Papal audiences, Politics of the Vatican City - Executive branch, Politics of the Vatican City - Legislative branch, Politics of the Vatican City - Judicial branch, Politics of the Vatican City - International organization participation

Read more here: » Politics of the Vatican City: Encyclopedia II - Politics of the Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See

After the 1988 episcopal consecrations, the SSPX and the Holy See had little, if any, dialog or direct dealings. SSPX sources say this ended after the Society led a large pilgrimage to Rome for the year 2000 jubilee, after which Cardinal Darío Castrillón Hoyos, of the Ecclesia Dei Commission, approached the SSPX bishops, stating that the Pope would grant them a personal prelature without territorial limits, like the personal prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei created by Pope John Paul II in 1982 for an organization founded in 1928 by ...

See also:

Society of St. Pius X, Society of St. Pius X - History, Society of St. Pius X - The Nine Priests, Society of St. Pius X - The 1988 consecrations, Society of St. Pius X - Present canonical status of SSPX, Society of St. Pius X - SSPX today, Society of St. Pius X - Negotiations with the Holy See, Society of St. Pius X - Controversies and politics

Read more here: » Society of St. Pius X: Encyclopedia II - Society of St. Pius X - Negotiations with the Holy See

At the time of the definitive Communist victory in mainland China, the papal diplomatic representative did not move to Taiwan, the island to which the Nationalist Government withdrew. This fact might have made it possible for the Communist Government to continue diplomatic relations as most often happens when a country's government is changed by election, coup, revolution or overthrow by rebel forces. Instead, the Communist Government expelled the papal representative, whose delay in leaving then made him unacceptable to the Taipei Governmen ...

See also:

Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Beijing Government, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Roman Catholic Church, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Effects on China-Holy See relations, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Other patriotic Churches

Read more here: » Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association: Encyclopedia II - Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Effects on China-Holy See relations

List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Second Echmiadzin era 1441-present. Giragos (1441-1443) Gregory X (1443-1465) Aristaces II (Coadjutor) (1465-1469) Sarkis II the Relic-Carrier (1469-1474) John VII the Relic-Bearer (1474-1484), d. 1506 Sarkis III the Other (1484-1515) Zacharias II (1515-1520) Sarkis IV (1520-1536) Gregory XI (1536-1545) Stephen V (1545-1567) Michael (1567-1576) Gregory XII (15 ...

See also:

List of Catholicoi of Armenia, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Catholicoi of Armenia, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Apostolic Era, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Sophene Era, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - First Echmiadzin era 301-452, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Dvin era 452-927, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Aghtamar era 927-947, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Arghina era 947-992, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Ani era 992-1058, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Catholicoi of the Holy See of St. Echmiadzin and All Armenians, List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Second Echmiadzin era 1441-present

Read more here: » List of Catholicoi of Armenia: Encyclopedia II - List of Catholicoi of Armenia - Catholicoi of the Holy See of St. Echmiadzin and All Armenians

The setting up of CPCA in 1957 brought about a schism from the Catholic Church. The separated group was considered as not heretical and as conserving valid Holy Orders, passed on, within a Christian community, by bishops who themselves had been validly ordained. Consequently, the other sacraments also that require a priest as minister (in particular the Eucharist) were also considered valid. According to canon law (canon 2314 of the 1917 Code of Canon Law then in force), Catholics who join a schismatic group are automatically excommunicated. In consequence, Pope ...

See also:

Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Beijing Government, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Roman Catholic Church, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Effects on China-Holy See relations, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - Other patriotic Churches

Read more here: » Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association: Encyclopedia II - Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association - CPCA and the Roman Catholic Church