History of Wales - Article Index

Encyclopedia - History Of Wales: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Wales - Prehistoric Wales
The earliest human remains known from the area that is now Wales are those of the Red Lady of Paviland, a human skeleton dyed in red ochr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Britain: Encyclopedia - Britain
The word Britain is an informal term used to refer to; the island of Great Britain which consists of the nations of England, Scotland an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom
United Kingdom This article is part of the series: Politics of the United Kingdom Parliament The Crown: Queen Elizabeth II House of Lor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Britain - Etymology
The etymology of the name Britain is thought to derive from a Celtic word, Pritani, "painted people/men", a reference to the inhabitants ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - England Before The English
Archaeological evidence indicates that what is now southern England was colonised by humans long before the rest of the British Isles due...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Great Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Britain - Usage And Nomenclature
Great Britain - Usage of the term Great Britain. Great Britain is also widely, but incorrectly, used as a synonym for the political sta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - The Great War 1914-18
History of the British Army - Organisation. At the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the British Army was a small, profes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Political Parties And Elections
Politics of the United Kingdom - Electoral systems and reform. Various electoral systems are used in the UK: The First Past the Post s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia - United Kingdom
2There is also a variant for use in Scotland, see Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom for details. 3 The Royal motto used in Scotlan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - Inter-war Period 1919-1939
In the immediate aftermath of the First World War, Britain faced serious economic woes and heavy defence cuts were consequently imposed b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - World War Ii 1939-1945
History of the British Army - Organisation. By the time the British Empire, France and their allies declared war on Germany on 3 Septem...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cunedda: Encyclopedia - Cunedda
Cunedda ap Edern (c.AD 386-c.460; reigned from the 440s or 450s) (Latin: Cunetacius; English: Kenneth), also known as as Cunedda Wledig (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Topics Related To The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia - List Of Topics Related To The United Kingdom
This is a list of topics related to the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom category contains a more comprehensive selection of UK article...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - Origins 1661-1774
Prior to the English Civil War in 1642, there was no standing army in England or Scotland. Men were raised by the King when required, a d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars And The Long Peace 1774-1854
The American War of Independence began in 1775 when the Thirteen Colonies rose up against British rule. Many Americans, however, sought t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - End Of Empire And Cold War 1945-1990
History of the British Army - Organisation. The United Nations (UN) was formed on 24 October 1945, with Britain one of five permanent m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - Age Of Mobility 1990-present
History of the British Army - Organisation. The collapse of the Soviet Union, ending the Cold War, saw a new defence white paper, Optio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Military History: Encyclopedia - British Military History
By chronology Prehistoric Britain Iron Age Britain Roman Britain Sub-Roman Britain Medieval Britain Early Modern Britain Modern Britain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coracle: Encyclopedia - Coracle
A coracle is a primitive type of boat. It is a light boat, oval in shape, and formed of canvas stretched on a framework of split and inte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wales: Encyclopedia - Wales
Wales (Welsh: Cymru; pronounced IPA: /ˈkəmɹi/, approximately "CUM-ree") is one of the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. Wa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Great Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Britain - History
The Roman geographer Ptolemy called the larger island Megale Brettania (Great Britain), and the smaller island Micra Bretannia (Little Br...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Prehistoric Britain: Encyclopedia - Prehistoric Britain
By chronology Prehistoric Britain Iron Age Britain Roman Britain Sub-Roman Britain Medieval Britain Early Modern Britain Modern Britain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - Official Rifle Of The Army 1722-2005
The British army has mixed extreme conservatism, 'penny-pinching', and extraordinarily exacting standards in its rifles. For example the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1904-1905 Welsh Revival: Encyclopedia - 1904-1905 Welsh Revival
The 1904–1905 Welsh Revival was the last full scale Christian Revival the nation of Wales has seen. Although some might argue that smal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Welsh Methodist Revival: Encyclopedia - Welsh Methodist Revival
The Welsh Methodist revival of the 18th century was one of the most significant religious and social movements in the history of Wales. W...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Army: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & The Cardwell-childers Reforms 1854-1914
History of the British Army - Organisation. Due to the Indian Mutiny (1857-58), the Army was extremely overstretched, to such an extent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Devolution
In addition to the House of Commons, Scotland now has its own parliament and Wales and Northern Ireland have national assemblies. England...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Great Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Britain - Political Definition
Politically, Great Britain describes the combination of England, Scotland, and Wales. It includes outlying islands such as the Isles of S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Major Issues In British National Politics
Major issues in current British national politics, in descending order of voter concern (as of MORI poll April 2004), are: Defence / Ter...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - British Politics And The European Union
The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU). As such, UK citizens elect Members of the European Parliament to represent the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Civil Service
The civil service is a permanent politically neutral organisation which supports Government Ministers in carrying out their executive dut...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Legislative Branch
Main article: Parliament of the United Kingdom Parliament is the centre of the political system in the United Kingdom. It is the supreme ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Britain - Britain And Brittany
The original reference seems to have been to the territory in which the Brythonic languages were spoken, which more or less coincided wit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Britain - Historical Evolution Of The Term Britain
The kingdoms established on the island of Great Britain were perceived to be dominant over the whole archipelago, which thus came to be k...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Britain - Modern Use Of The Term 'british'
The modern use of the term 'British' is as an adjective to describe someone or something from the United Kingdom. It is officially used a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Executive Branch
The Government performs the Executive functions of the United Kingdom. The monarch appoints a Prime Minister, guided by the strict conven...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Politics In Northern Ireland
Politics in Northern Ireland is particularly complex, due to the history of Northern Ireland, particularly 'The Troubles'. Until the 1960...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Local Government
Main Article: Local Government in the United Kingdom The UK is divided into a variety of different types of Local Authorities, which are ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - Recent History
The Act of Union of 1800 formally assimilated Ireland within the British political process, and created a new state "The United Kingdom o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - Recent History
The Act of Union of 1800 formally assimilated Ireland within the British political process, and created a new country "The United Kingdom...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - England During The Middle Ages
The defeat of King Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 at the hands of William of Normandy, later styled William I of Engl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - Religious Conflict And The Civil War
A number of assassination attempts were made on the Protestant King James I, notably the Main Plot and Bye Plots of 1603, and most famous...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Miscellaneous
Politics of the United Kingdom - Referendums. See Referendums in the United Kingdom Politics of the United Kingdom - Political pressur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Great Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Britain - Geographical Definition
With an area of 218 595km² (84,400 sq.mi) the island of Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. It is the largest island in E...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - Tudor England
The Wars of the Roses culminated in the eventual victory of the relatively unknown Henry Tudor, Henry VII, at the Battle of Bosworth Fiel...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - The Industrial Revolution
The late 18th and early 19th centuries saw considerable social upheaval as a largely agrarian society was transformed by technological ad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of The United Kingdom - Devolution
In addition to the House of Commons, Scotland now has its own parliament and Wales and Northern Ireland have national assemblies. England...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - The Anglo-saxon Conquest Of Celtic Britain
In the wake of the Romans, who had abandoned the south of the island by 410 in order to concentrate on more pressing difficulties closer ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of England - England During The Middle Ages
The defeat of King Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 at the hands of William of Normandy, later styled William I of Engl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Great Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Great Britain - Usage And Nomenclature
Great Britain - Usage of the term Great Britain. Great Britain is also widely, but incorrectly, used as a synonym for the political sta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - Early Reign
About this time Rhys came under pressure from Owain Gwynedd, who was seeking to take Ceredigion back. In response Rhys built Aberdyfi Cas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Rulers Of Wales: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Rulers Of Wales - Deheubarth
List of rulers of Wales - Ceredigion. Ceredig (424 - 453) Usai (453 - 490) Serwyl (490 - 525) Boddw (525 - 560) Arthfoddw (560 - 595) ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Economic History Of Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Economic History Of Britain - Breakdown Of Pax Britannica And New Imperialism
In a scramble for overseas markets between the Franco-Prussian War and World War, Europe added almost 9 million square miles (23,000,000&...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Early Modern Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Early Modern Britain - English Renaissance
The term "English Renaissance" is used by many historians to refer to a cultural movement in England in the 1500s and 1600s that was heav...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Laws In Wales Acts 1535-1542: Encyclopedia Ii - Laws In Wales Acts 1535-1542 - Background
From the time North Wales had been conquered in 1282–1283 until the passing of the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542, the administrative s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Laws In Wales Acts 1535-1542: Encyclopedia Ii - Laws In Wales Acts 1535-1542 - Background
From the time North Wales had been conquered in 1282-1283 until the passing of the Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542, the administrative syste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The United Kingdom - Recent History
History of the United Kingdom - Clement Attlee. The landslide 1945 Election returned Labour to power and Clement Attlee became prime mi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Topics Related To The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Topics Related To The United Kingdom - Geography And The Environment
List of topics related to the United Kingdom - Geography of the United Kingdom. Main article: Geography of the United Kingdom (see also...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Military History: Encyclopedia Ii - British Military History - List Of British Military Encounters
British military history - Prehistoric and ancient period. Roman conquest of Britain (43) British military history - Mediæval perio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Britain - Geographic
History of Britain - States. States in Medieval Britain Kingdom of Ireland (1541 - 1801) Kingdom of Scotland (to 1707) Kingdom of Engl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - Occupation And Retreat From Southern Scotland
There is no historical source describing the decades that followed Agricola's recall. Even the name of his replacement is unknown. Archae...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Henry Vii Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - Henry Vii Of England - Rise To The Throne
Having gained the support of the in-laws of the late Yorkist King Edward IV, he landed with a largely French and Scottish force in Mill B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Military History: Encyclopedia Ii - British Military History - List Of British Military Encounters
British military history - Prehistoric and ancient period. Roman conquest of Britain (43) British military history - Mediæval perio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Victorian Era
The social changes during the Victorian era were wide-ranging and fundamental, leaving their mark not only upon Britain but upon much of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Prehistoric Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Prehistoric Britain - The Palaeolithic
Palaeolithic Britain is the period from almost 750,000 years ago until around 10,000 years ago. This huge length of time saw many changes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1904-1905 Welsh Revival: Encyclopedia Ii - 1904-1905 Welsh Revival - Revival Begins
It cannot be said exactly where and when the Revival broke out, but perhaps these areas can be identified as crucial locations. 1904-190...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Constitution: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Constitution - Pre-civil War
History of the British constitution - Before the Norman Conquest. The Kingdom of England was formed in the mid 9th Century and what is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Welsh Marches: Encyclopedia Ii - Welsh Marches - History
In European history, marches are border regions between centres of power. In English history, the Welsh Marches refers to the borderlands...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Welsh Methodist Revival: Encyclopedia Ii - Welsh Methodist Revival - Beginnings
The revival's immediate beginnings are usually traced back to the religious conversion of Howell Harris at Talgarth church in 1735. While...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Government And Politics
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, with executive power exercised on behalf of the Queen by the Prime Minister and other ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Government And Politics
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, with executive power exercised on behalf of the Queen by the Prime Minister and other ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wales: Encyclopedia Ii - Wales - History
Main article: History of Wales Humans first inhabited what is now Wales at the end of the last Ice Age. The first documented history was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Military History: Encyclopedia Ii - British Military History - List Of British Military Encounters
British military history - Prehistoric and ancient period. Roman conquest of Britain (43) British military history - Mediæval perio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Owain Mab Urien: Encyclopedia Ii - Owain Mab Urien - The Owain Of Legend
Over the centuries, the history of Owain known to storytellers faded sufficiently that he was incorporated into Welsh Arthurian legend an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - The Fourth Century
Constantius Chlorus returned to Britain in 306, aiming to invade northern Britain. The province's defences had been rebuilt in the preced...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - The Third Century
The death of Commodus put into motion a series of events which eventually led to civil war. Following the short reign of Pertinax, severa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Geography
Most of England consists of rolling lowland terrain, divided east from west by more mountainous terrain in the Northwest (Cumbrian Mounta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - Government Of Britannia
Under the Roman Empire, administration of peaceful provinces was ultimately the remit of the Senate but those like Britain that required ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - Trade And Industry
By the time of the Roman occupation, Britain's tin exports to the Mediterranean had been largely eclipsed by the more convenient supply f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - Early Life
Rhys was the second son of Gruffydd ap Rhys, prince of Deheubarth, and Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd, a sister of Owain Gwynedd. He was probab...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - Later Reign And Death
After Henry's death in 1189, Rhys was again active, revolting against Richard I and attacking the Norman lords surrounding his territory,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - Peace With King Henry
In 1171 Rhys met Henry II at Newnham and came to an agreement with him. Rhys had to pay a tribute but was confirmed in all his conquests....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Society
United Kingdom - Demographics. At the April 2001 census, the United Kingdom's population was 58,789,194, the third-largest in the Europ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Roman Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Britain - Roman Rule Is Established
For the first twenty years, the Roman rule was oppressive, and this treatment led Boudicca, Queen of the Iceni, to revolt. The Trinovante...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - First Battles
Anarawd's brother Cadell ap Gruffydd now took over as head of the family. In 1146 Rhys is recorded fighting alongside his brothers Cadell...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - History
The present United Kingdom is the latest of several unions formed over the last 1000 years. Scotland and England have existed as separate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Society
United Kingdom - Demographics. Main article: Demographics of the United Kingdom At the April 2001 census, the United Kingdom's popula...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Prehistoric Society
The distant past does not offer us much information on the structures of society, but major changes in human behaviour make it likely tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Romans
The arrival of the Romans in 54 BC probably did not alter society greatly at first, as it was simply a replacement of the ruling class, b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wales: Encyclopedia Ii - Wales - Culture
Main article: Culture of Wales Wales - Food. Main articles: Welsh food, and [[{{{2}}}]], and [[{{{3}}}]], and [[{{{4}}}]], and ... See...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - Geography
Most of England consists of rolling lowland terrain, divided east from west by more mountainous terrain in the Northwest (Cumbrian Mounta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Economic History Of Britain: Encyclopedia Ii - Economic History Of Britain - The 21st Century
By 2000 the world was a very different place to the world of 1900, and Britain too had undergone massive change. In the Labour Party's se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Kingdom: Encyclopedia Ii - United Kingdom - History
The present United Kingdom is the latest of several unions formed over the last 1,000 years. Scotland and England have existed as separat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Early Medieval Society
The collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD is thought to have brought general strife and anarchy to society, but the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Late Medieval Society
Feudalism, although always a very contentious idea, is often used to describe medieval society. Basically stated, a lord owns land or a f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Constitution: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Constitution - Post-civil War
History of the British constitution - Popular political movements. In 1649 True Levellers, also known as The Diggers, a people's politi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Constitution: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Constitution - New Labour's Reforms
History of the British constitution - First Term. In Labour's first term (1997–2001), it introduced a large package of constitutional...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The British Constitution: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The British Constitution - The Civil War
History of the British constitution - Charles I and the Civil War. James was succeeded by his son who became Charles I in 1625. Charles...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Georgian Society
Stuart society ended with the Glorious Revolution, perhaps not all that glorious, but it did show that the power of the king had not reco...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Tudor Society
The Tudor dynasty period was seen as a very stable time compared to the previous years of almost constant warfare. The Reformation caused...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of British Society: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of British Society - Stuart Society
If Shakespeare and his contemporaries symbolised the start of true social mobility, then Oliver Cromwell reached the high point of social...   » Read the article