History of the Balkans

History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Danube river to the Baltic. The Hunnish-Bulgar association existed throughout the period between 377-453 AD - the time of the Hunnish hegemony in Central Europe. Other transient incursions were made by Goths, Gepids, Onogur, Avars. At one point the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths were Christians, but Arians. Ulfilas was the apostle to the Goths and he translated the Bible from Gr ...

See also:

History of the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Early history, History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic civilization, History of the Balkans - Hallstatt, History of the Balkans - Indo-Europeanization, History of the Balkans - Classical antiquity, History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire, History of the Balkans - Dacian kingdom, History of the Balkans - Greek city-states and their colonies, History of the Balkans - Empire of Macedon, History of the Balkans - Illyrian kingdoms, History of the Balkans - The Roman conquests, History of the Balkans - Christianity during the Daco-Roman era, History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations, History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples, History of the Balkans - Slavs, History of the Balkans - Magyars, History of the Balkans - Bulgars and Bulgarians, History of the Balkans - Vlachs Romanians Aromanians Morlachs Istro-Romanians, History of the Balkans - Balkan linguistic union, History of the Balkans - Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, History of the Balkans - Genoa colonies in lower Danube, History of the Balkans - Fourth Crusade in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Battle of Nicopolis, History of the Balkans - Eastern Roman Empire, History of the Balkans - Ottoman Empire, History of the Balkans - East-West Schism, History of the Balkans - Habsburg Empire, History of the Balkans - Rise of Independence, History of the Balkans - 1804 First Serbian Uprising and 1815 Second Serbian Uprising, History of the Balkans - 1821 revolt in Greece and Romania, History of the Balkans - 1829 Adrianople peace, History of the Balkans - 1831 Bosnian Rebellion, History of the Balkans - 1848 Revolution, History of the Balkans - Russian defeat in Crimea: the Balkan implications, History of the Balkans - Desire of Independence, History of the Balkans - April uprising, History of the Balkans - 1877 War, History of the Balkans - Secularisation in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Orthodoxy, History of the Balkans - The Pig War, History of the Balkans - Balkan Wars, History of the Balkans - First Balkan War, History of the Balkans - Second Balkan War, History of the Balkans - The Balkans in modern times, History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War I, History of the Balkans - World War II in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War II, History of the Balkans - Balkans during the Cold War, History of the Balkans - Post-Communism, History of the Balkans - Current state and perspectives, History of the Balkans - Reference

Read more here: » History of the Balkans: Encyclopedia II - History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations

History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Danube river to the Baltic. The Hunnish-Bulgar association existed throughout the period between 377-453 AD - the time of the Hunnish hegemony in Central Europe. Other transient incursions were made by Goths, Gepids, Onogur, Avars. At one point the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths were Christians, but Arians. Ulfilas was the apostle to the Goths and he translated the Bible from Gr ...

See also:

History of the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Early history, History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic cultures, History of the Balkans - Hallstatt, History of the Balkans - Indo-Europeanization, History of the Balkans - Classical antiquity, History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire, History of the Balkans - Dacian kingdom, History of the Balkans - Greek city-states and their colonies, History of the Balkans - Empire of Macedon, History of the Balkans - Illyrian kingdoms, History of the Balkans - The Roman conquests, History of the Balkans - Christianity during the Daco-Roman era, History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations, History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples, History of the Balkans - Slavs, History of the Balkans - Magyars, History of the Balkans - Bulgars and Bulgarians, History of the Balkans - Vlachs Romanians Aromanians Morlachs Istro-Romanians, History of the Balkans - Balkan linguistic union, History of the Balkans - Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, History of the Balkans - Genoa colonies in lower Danube, History of the Balkans - Fourth Crusade in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Battle of Nicopolis, History of the Balkans - Eastern Roman Empire, History of the Balkans - Ottoman Empire, History of the Balkans - East-West Schism, History of the Balkans - Habsburg Empire, History of the Balkans - Rise of Independence, History of the Balkans - 1804 First Serbian Uprising and 1815 Second Serbian Uprising, History of the Balkans - 1821 revolt in Greece and Romania, History of the Balkans - 1829 Adrianople peace, History of the Balkans - 1831 Bosnian Rebellion, History of the Balkans - 1848 Revolution, History of the Balkans - Russian defeat in Crimea: the Balkan implications, History of the Balkans - Desire of Independence, History of the Balkans - April uprising, History of the Balkans - 1877 War, History of the Balkans - Secularisation in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Orthodoxy, History of the Balkans - The Pig War, History of the Balkans - Balkan Wars, History of the Balkans - First Balkan War, History of the Balkans - Second Balkan War, History of the Balkans - The Balkans in modern times, History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War I, History of the Balkans - World War II in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War II, History of the Balkans - Balkans during the Cold War, History of the Balkans - Post-Communism, History of the Balkans - Current state and perspectives

Read more here: » History of the Balkans: Encyclopedia II - History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations

History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Danube river to the Baltic. The Hunnish-Bulgar association existed throughout the period between 377-453 AD - the time of the Hunnish hegemony in Central Europe. Other transient incursions were made by Goths, Gepids, Onogur, Avars. At one point the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths were Christians, but Arians. Ulfilas was the apostle to the Goths and he translated the Bible from Gr ...

See also:

History of the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Early history, History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic civilization, History of the Balkans - Hallstatt, History of the Balkans - Indo-Europeanization, History of the Balkans - Classical antiquity, History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire, History of the Balkans - Dacian kingdom, History of the Balkans - Greek city-states and their colonies, History of the Balkans - Empire of Macedon, History of the Balkans - Illyrian kingdoms, History of the Balkans - The Roman conquests, History of the Balkans - Christianity during the Daco-Roman era, History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations, History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples, History of the Balkans - Slavs, History of the Balkans - Magyars, History of the Balkans - Bulgars and Bulgarians, History of the Balkans - Vlachs Romanians Aromanians Morlachs Istro-Romanians, History of the Balkans - Balkan linguistic union, History of the Balkans - Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, History of the Balkans - Genoa colonies in lower Danube, History of the Balkans - Fourth Crusade in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Battle of Nicopolis, History of the Balkans - Eastern Roman Empire, History of the Balkans - Ottoman Empire, History of the Balkans - East-West Schism, History of the Balkans - Habsburg Empire, History of the Balkans - Rise of Independence, History of the Balkans - 1804 First Serbian Uprising and 1815 Second Serbian Uprising, History of the Balkans - 1821 revolt in Greece and Romania, History of the Balkans - 1829 Adrianople peace, History of the Balkans - 1831 Bosnian Rebellion, History of the Balkans - 1848 Revolution, History of the Balkans - Russian defeat in Crimea: the Balkan implications, History of the Balkans - Desire of Independence, History of the Balkans - April uprising, History of the Balkans - 1877 War, History of the Balkans - Secularisation in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Orthodoxy, History of the Balkans - The Pig War, History of the Balkans - Balkan Wars, History of the Balkans - First Balkan War, History of the Balkans - Second Balkan War, History of the Balkans - The Balkans in modern times, History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War I, History of the Balkans - World War II in Balkans, History of the Balkans - Consequences of World War II, History of the Balkans - Balkans during the Cold War, History of the Balkans - Post-Communism, History of the Balkans - Current state and perspectives

Read more here: » History of the Balkans: Encyclopedia II - History of the Balkans - The Dark Ages and the Great Migrations

The Crimean War lasted from 28 March 1854 until 1856 and was fought between Imperial Russia and an alliance of the United Kingdom, France, the Ottoman Empire (to some extent), and Piedmont-Sardinia. The majority of the conflict took place on the Crimean peninsula in the Black Sea. Crimean War - The War. Crimean War - Beginning of the war. A new conflict was ostensibly provoked during the 1850s by an obscure religious dispute. Under treaties negotiated during the eighteent ...

Including:

• Crimean War - The War
• Crimean War - Beginning of the war
• Crimean War - Peace attempts
• Crimean War - The Siege of Sevastopol
• Crimean War - Baltic Theatre
• Crimean War - Final phase and the peace
• Crimean War - Characteristics of the war
• Crimean War - Major events of the war
• Crimean War - Prominent military commanders
• Crimean War - From the Ottoman point of view
• Crimean War - Berwick-Upon-Tweed
• Crimean War - Additional works

Read more here: » Crimean War: Encyclopedia - Crimean War

The Eastern Orthodox Church (encompassing national Orthodox jurisdictions such as Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, etc.—see Eastern Orthodox Church organization) is a body of Christians which claims origins extending directly back to Jesus and his Apostles through unbroken Apostolic Succession. Its doctrines were formalized through a series of church councils, the most authoritative being the Seven Ecumenical Councils held between the 4th and 8th centuries. These councils were convened out of the necessity to resolve conflicts that ...

Including:

• Eastern Orthodox Church - Beliefs
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Trinity
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Salvation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Tradition
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Bible
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Sin and redemption
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Incarnation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Theotokos
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Resurrection
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Saints relics and the deceased
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Last Things
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Art and Architecture
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Church buildings
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Icons
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Incense
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Monasticism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Fasting
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Almsgiving
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Baptism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Chrismation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Communion
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Repentance
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Marriage
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Orders
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Anointing with Holy Oil
• Eastern Orthodox Church - History
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The early Church
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Roman/Byzantine Empire
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Seven Ecumenical Councils
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Great Schism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Conversion of the Slavs
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church in North America
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church today

Read more here: » Eastern Orthodox Church: Encyclopedia - Eastern Orthodox Church

Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all south Slavic languages, in Cyrillic Југославија) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. Translated, the name means Land of the South Slavs (jug in the word Jugoslavija means south). The first was a kingdom formed in December 1, 1918 as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was re-named the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in ...

Including:

• Yugoslavia - Origins
• Yugoslavia - The First Yugoslavia
• Yugoslavia - Yugoslavia during the Second World War
• Yugoslavia - The Second Yugoslavia
• Yugoslavia - Breakup
• Yugoslavia - Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Yugoslavia - Legacy
• Yugoslavia - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia - Yugoslavia

Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων Roman (Byzantine) Empire Motto: Βασιλεὺς Βασιλέων Βασιλεύων Βασιλευόντων (Greek: King of Kings Ruling Over Rulers) The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. In certain s ...

Including:

• Byzantine Empire - The term Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine Empire - Identity continuity and consciousness
• Byzantine Empire - Origin
• Byzantine Empire - Early history
• Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I
• Byzantine Empire - The fight for survival
• Byzantine Empire - Golden era
• Byzantine Empire - The Comneni and the Crusaders
• Byzantine Empire - Underlying reasons for decline
• Byzantine Empire - The Decline and Fall of the Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine Empire - Legacy and importance
• Byzantine Empire - Bibliography

Read more here: » Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire

Attila the Hun (Old Norse: Atle, Atli; German: Etzel; ca. 406–453 AD) was the last and most powerful king of the Huns. He reigned over what was then Europe's largest empire, from 434 until his death. His empire stretched from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Danube River to the Baltic. During his rule he was among the direst enemies of the Eastern and Western Roman Empires: he invaded the Balkans twice and encircled Constantinople in the second invasion. He marched through France as far as Orleans before being turned back at Chalons; and he drove the western empero ...

Including:

• Attila the Hun - Background and beginnings
• Attila the Hun - Shared kingship
• Attila the Hun - Sole ruler
• Attila the Hun - Attila in the west
• Attila the Hun - Invasion of Italy and death
• Attila the Hun - Appearance character and name
• Attila the Hun - Notes

Read more here: » Attila the Hun: Encyclopedia - Attila the Hun

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam
Including:

• History of Islam - Introduction
• History of Islam - Note on early Islamic historiography
• History of Islam - Muhammad
• History of Islam - The spread of Islam
• History of Islam - The Fitna
• History of Islam - The Second Fitna
• History of Islam - The zenith of Islamic power
• History of Islam - The decline of political unity
• History of Islam - The Ottoman empire
• History of Islam - Three Muslim empires
• History of Islam - The 20th century
• History of Islam - The end of World War I: European powers control the Middle East
• History of Islam - The end of the Caliphate and the rise of the Saudis
• History of Islam - Partition of India and establishment of Pakistan
• History of Islam - The creation of the state of Israel
• History of Islam - Oil wealth and petropolitics dominate the Middle East
• History of Islam - Two Iranian revolutions
• History of Islam - Present day
• History of Islam - Reformist Islam vs. Islamism
• History of Islam - Islamism the U.S. and the battle for oil wealth
• History of Islam - Chronology
• History of Islam - Dynasties of Islamic Rulers
• History of Islam - References and further reading

Read more here: » History of Islam: Encyclopedia - History of Islam

Names of the territory that (with some exceptions) finally became Austria-Hungary: Habsburg monarchy or Austrian monarchy (1526 – 1867) : This was an unofficial, but very frequent name - even at that time. The entity had no official name. Note that technically the term Habsburg monarchy can also refer to the period 1276-1918 when the Habsburgs ruled in the monarchy centered in present-day Austria, and Austrian monarchy can refer to the monarchy centered in present-day Austria 1156 – 1867, but both terms ar ...

See also:

Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - Terminology, Habsburg Monarchy - Territories, Habsburg Monarchy - Characteristics, Habsburg Monarchy - Habsburg territories outside the Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - History, Habsburg Monarchy - Rulers of the Habsburg Monarchy 1526-1918

Read more here: » Habsburg Monarchy: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Monarchy - Terminology

Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting. Orthodox services are sung nearly in their entirety. Services consist in part of a dialog between the clergy and the people (often represented by the choir or the Psaltis (Cantor). In each case the text is sung or chanted following a prescribed musical form. Almost nothing is read in a normal speaking voice with the exception of the homily if one is given. The church has developed eight Modes or Tones, (see Octoechos) within which a chant may be set, depending on the time of ye ...

See also:

Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Church - Beliefs, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Trinity, Eastern Orthodox Church - Salvation, Eastern Orthodox Church - Tradition, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Bible, Eastern Orthodox Church - Sin and redemption, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Incarnation, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Theotokos, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Resurrection, Eastern Orthodox Church - Saints relics and the deceased, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Last Things, Eastern Orthodox Church - Art and architecture, Eastern Orthodox Church - Church buildings, Eastern Orthodox Church - Icons, Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions, Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting, Eastern Orthodox Church - Incense, Eastern Orthodox Church - Monasticism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Fasting, Eastern Orthodox Church - Almsgiving, Eastern Orthodox Church - Baptism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Chrismation, Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Communion, Eastern Orthodox Church - Repentance, Eastern Orthodox Church - Marriage, Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Orders, Eastern Orthodox Church - Anointing with Holy Oil, Eastern Orthodox Church - History, Eastern Orthodox Church - The early Church, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Roman/Byzantine Empire, Eastern Orthodox Church - The seven ecumenical councils, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Great Schism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Conversion of the Slavs, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church in North America, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church today, Eastern Orthodox Church - Footnote

Read more here: » Eastern Orthodox Church: Encyclopedia II - Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions

Democratic Federative Yugoslavia was reconstituted at the AVNOJ or the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia conference in Jajce (November 29 - December 4, 1943) while negotiations with the royal government in exile continued. On November 29, 1945 the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia was established as a socialist state during the first meeting of democratically established but Communist-led Par ...

See also:

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - History, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Administrative divisions, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Demographics, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Economy, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Military, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Politics, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Culture, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia II - Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - History

Democratic Federative Yugoslavia was reconstituted at the AVNOJ or the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia conference in Jajce (November 29 - December 4, 1943) while negotiations with the royal government in exile continued. On November 29, 1945 the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia was established as a socialist state during the first meeting of democratically established but Communist-led Parliament in Belgrade. On January 31, 1946, the new constitution of FPR Yugoslavia selected the six constituent republics ...

See also:

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - History, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Administrative divisions, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Demographics, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Economy, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Military, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Politics, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Culture, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia II - Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - History

The reign of Justinian I, which began in 527, saw a period of extensive imperial conquests of former Roman territories (indicated in green on the map below). The 6th century also saw the beginning of a long series of conflicts with the Byzantine Empire's traditional early enemies, such as the Persians, Slavs and Bulgars. Theological crises, such as the question of Monophysitism, also dominated the empire. Justinian I had perhaps already exerted effective control during the reign of his predecessor, Justin I (518–527). Justin I was a ...

See also:

Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - The term Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Identity continuity and consciousness, Byzantine Empire - Origin, Byzantine Empire - Early history, Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I, Byzantine Empire - The fight for survival, Byzantine Empire - Golden era, Byzantine Empire - The Comneni and the Crusaders, Byzantine Empire - Underlying reasons for decline, Byzantine Empire - The Decline and Fall of the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Legacy and importance, Byzantine Empire - Bibliography

Read more here: » Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia II - Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I

By 432, the Huns were united under Ruga. In 434 Ruga died, leaving his nephews Attila and Bleda, the sons of his brother Mundjuk, in control over all the united Hun tribes. At the time of their accession, the Huns were bargaining with Theodosius II's envoys over the return of several renegade tribes who had taken refuge within the Byzantine Empire. The following year, Attila and Bleda met with the imperial legation at Margus (present-day Požarevac) and, all seated on horseback in the Hunnic manner, negotiated a successful treaty: the Romans ...

See also:

Attila the Hun, Attila the Hun - Background and beginnings, Attila the Hun - Shared kingship, Attila the Hun - Sole ruler, Attila the Hun - Attila in the west, Attila the Hun - Invasion of Italy and death, Attila the Hun - Appearance character and name, Attila the Hun - Notes

Read more here: » Attila the Hun: Encyclopedia II - Attila the Hun - Shared kingship

There are no fixed or universally agreed dates for the beginning or the end of the Ancient Greek period. In common usage it refers to all Greek history before the Roman Empire, but historians use the term more precisely. Some writers include the periods of the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, while others argue that these civilizations were so different from later Greek cultures that they should be classed separately. Traditionally, the Ancient Greek period was taken to begin with the date of the first Olympic Games in 776 B ...

See also:

History of Greece, History of Greece - Aegean civilization: prehistoric Greece, History of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age, History of Greece - Greek Dark Ages, History of Greece - Ancient Greece, History of Greece - Hellenistic Greece, History of Greece - Roman Period, History of Greece - Medieval Greece, History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece, History of Greece - Creation of the Modern Greek State

Read more here: » History of Greece: Encyclopedia II - History of Greece - Ancient Greece

Main article: Illyria The Illyrians were Indo-European tribesmen who appeared in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula about 1000 B.C., a period coinciding with the end of the Bronze Age and beginning of the Iron Age. They inhabited much of the area for at least the next millennium. Archaeologists associate the Illyrians with the Hallstatt culture, an Iron Age people noted for production of iron and bronze swords with winged-shaped handles and for domestication of horses. The Illyrians occupied lands extending from the Danube, Sava ...

See also:

History of Albania, History of Albania - The Origin of the Albanians, History of Albania - Ancient Illyria, History of Albania - The Roman Period, History of Albania - The Coming of Christianity, History of Albania - The Barbarian Invasions And The Middle Ages, History of Albania - Ottoman Rule, History of Albania - The birth of Albanian nationalism, History of Albania - World War I and its effects on Albania, History of Albania - World War II and the rise of Communism 1941-44, History of Albania - Communist Albania, History of Albania - Modern Albania

Read more here: » History of Albania: Encyclopedia II - History of Albania - Ancient Illyria

Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting. Orthodox services are sung nearly in their entirety. Services consist in part of a dialog between the clergy and the people (often represented by the choir or the Psaltis (Cantor). In each case the text is sung or chanted following a prescribed musical form. Almost nothing is read in a normal speaking voice with the exception of the homily if one is given. The church has developed eight Modes or Tones, (see Octoechos) within which a chant may be set, depending on the time of ye ...

See also:

Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Church - Beliefs, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Trinity, Eastern Orthodox Church - Salvation, Eastern Orthodox Church - Tradition, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Bible, Eastern Orthodox Church - Sin and redemption, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Incarnation, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Theotokos, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Resurrection, Eastern Orthodox Church - Saints relics and the deceased, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Last Things, Eastern Orthodox Church - Art and Architecture, Eastern Orthodox Church - Church buildings, Eastern Orthodox Church - Icons, Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions, Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting, Eastern Orthodox Church - Incense, Eastern Orthodox Church - Monasticism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Fasting, Eastern Orthodox Church - Almsgiving, Eastern Orthodox Church - Baptism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Chrismation, Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Communion, Eastern Orthodox Church - Repentance, Eastern Orthodox Church - Marriage, Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Orders, Eastern Orthodox Church - Anointing with Holy Oil, Eastern Orthodox Church - History, Eastern Orthodox Church - The early Church, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Roman/Byzantine Empire, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Seven Ecumenical Councils, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Great Schism, Eastern Orthodox Church - Conversion of the Slavs, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church in North America, Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church today

Read more here: » Eastern Orthodox Church: Encyclopedia II - Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions

There are no fixed or universally agreed dates for the beginning or the end of the Ancient Greek period. In common usage it refers to all Greek history before the Roman Empire, but historians use the term more precisely. Some writers include the periods of the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, while others argue that these civilizations were so different from later Greek cultures that they should be classed separately. Traditionally, the Ancient Greek period was taken to begin with the date of the first Olympic Games in 776 BC, but most hi ...

See also:

History of Greece, History of Greece - Aegean civilization: prehistoric Greece, History of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age, History of Greece - Greek Dark Ages, History of Greece - Ancient Greece, History of Greece - Hellenistic Greece, History of Greece - Roman Period, History of Greece - Medieval Greece, History of Greece - Ottoman Rule and the Rise of Modern Greece, History of Greece - Creation of the Modern Greek State

Read more here: » History of Greece: Encyclopedia II - History of Greece - Ancient Greece

Main article: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia On January 31, 1946 the new constitution of Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, modeling the Soviet Union, established six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces. The republics were: Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Slovenia and within Serbia's new reduced borders, the people of the following two regions were granted limited autonomous r ...

See also:

Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia - Origins, Yugoslavia - The First Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia - Yugoslavia during the Second World War, Yugoslavia - The Second Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia - Breakup, Yugoslavia - Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia - Legacy, Yugoslavia - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia II - Yugoslavia - The Second Yugoslavia