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History of Sparta | A Wisdom Archive on History of Sparta | | History of Sparta A selection of articles related to History of Sparta | |
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| | | History of Sparta | | |
| ARTICLES RELATED TO History of Sparta | | | |  History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 5th century BCEThe beginning of the 5th century saw Sparta at the height of her power, though her prestige must have suffered in the fruitless attempts made to impose upon Athens an oligarchical régime after the fall of the Peisistratid tyranny in 510. But after the Persian Wars the Spartan supremacy could no longer remain unchallenged. Sparta had dispatched an army in 490, under the command of Datis and Artaphernes, to aid Athens in repelling the armament sent against it by Darius: but it arrived after the Battle of Marath ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Military service and training The origins of the powers exercised by the assembly of the citizens, or apella, are virtually unknown, due to the paucity of historical documentation. The ordinary Spartan was essentially a soldier, trained to obey and endure; he became a politician only if chosen as ephor for a single year. He could be elected a life member of the council after his sixtieth year, in which he would be free from military service.
Sparta was, above all, a military state, and emphasis on military fitness began virtually at birth. Shortly after bir ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Military service and training |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - History Main article: History of Sparta
Sparta had the best army in ancient Greece; and was the most powerful state before the rise of Athens, a naval power, after the Persian Wars. Sparta and Athens were reluctant allies against the Persians, but became rivals thereafter. The greatest series of conflicts between the two states, which resulted in the dismantling of the Athens Empire, is called the Peloponnesian War. Athenian attempts to control Greece and take over the Spartan role of 'guardian of Hellenism' ended in failure. Th ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - History |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Modern Sparta Prior to modern times, the site of Sparta was occupied by a relatively small village that lay in the shadow of Mystras, a more important (Byzantine) settlement nearby. In 1834, after the Greek War of Independence, King Otto of Greece decreed that a city was to be built on the site of Sparta and bear its name (pronounced Sparti in Modern Greek). The city was designed with the intention of creating one of the most beautiful cities in Greece through the use of tree-lined boulevards and parklands. At present, Sparta is the administrati ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Modern Sparta |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - The Spartan world Around the middle of the 6th century BC, the southern Peloponnese was Spartan territory. With an area of 8,050 square kilometres, it was the largest state in Greece. The territory was divided into two parts, Laconia and Messenia, which were separated by the Taygetos mountain range. Unlike other Greek cities, Sparta controlled much arable land. Earliest archeological evidence testifying settlement in Sparta dates from around 950 BC.
Classical sources tell us that Sparta was founded in the 10th century BC. It consisted of the four villages of Pitane, Mesoa, Limnai and Konooura, w ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - The Spartan world |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Constitution We know little of the internal development on Sparta. Many Greeks believed there had been none, and that "the stability of the Spartan constitution" had lasted unchanged from the days of Lycurgus. The Spartans had no historical literature or written laws, which last were, according to tradition, expressly prohibited by an ordinance of Lycurgus. The Doric state of Sparta, copying the Doric Cretans, developed a mixed governmental state. The state was ruled by two hereditary kings of the Agiad and Eurypontid families, equal in authority, so tha ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Constitution |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Archaeology There is a well-known passage in Thucydides which runs thus:
"Suppose the city of Sparta to be deserted, and nothing left but the temples and the ground-plan, distant ages would be very unwilling to believe that the power of the Lacedaemonians was at all equal to their fame.
"Their city is not built continuously, and has no splendid temples or other edifices; it rather resembles a group of villages, like the ancient towns of Hellas, and would therefore make a poo ...
See also:Sparta, Sparta - Nearest places, Sparta - History, Sparta - Constitution, Sparta - Military service and training, Sparta - Archaeology, Sparta - The Spartan world, Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » Sparta: Encyclopedia II - Sparta - Archaeology |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome Nonetheless, a vigorous struggle was maintained with the Achaean League and with Macedon until the Romans, after the conclusion of their war with Philip V, sent an army into Laconia under T. Quinctius Flamininus. Nabis was forced to capitulate, evacuating all his possessions outside Laconia, surrendering the Laconian seaports and his navy, and paying an indemnity of 500 talents (Livy xxxiv. 33–43). On the departure of the Romans he succeeded in recovering Gythium, in spite of an attempt to relieve it made by the Achaeans under Philopoemen, but in an encounter he suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of th ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta In CE 406 Alaric destroyed the city, and at a later period Laconia was invaded and settled by Slavonic tribes, especially the Melings and Ezerits, who in turn had to give way before the advance of the Byzantine power, though preserving a partial independence in the mountainous regions. In fact, Slavic tribes were found in the Peloponnese until well into Ottoman times. It has been theorized that speakers of the now-moribund Doric derived language of Tsakonian are the descen ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE Twenty-two years later the city was attacked by an immense force under Pyrrhus, but Spartan bravery had not died out and the formidable enemy was repulsed, even the women taking part in the defence of the city. About 244 BCE an Aetolian army overran Laconia, working irreparable harm and carrying off, it is said, 50,000 captives.
But the social evils within the state were even harder to combat than foes without. Avarice, luxury, and the glaring inequality in the distribution of wealth threatened to bring about the speedy fall of the st ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Prehistoric period Tradition relates that Sparta was founded by Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete, who called the city after his wife, the daughter of Eurotas. But Amyclae and Therapne (Therapnae) seem to have been in early times of greater importance than Sparta, the former a Minoan foundation a few miles to the south of Sparta, the latter probably the Achaean capital of Laconia and the seat of Menelaus, Agamemnon's younger brother. Eighty years after the Trojan War, according to the traditional chronology, the Dorian migration took place. A band of Dorians united with a body of Aetolians to cross the Corint ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Prehistoric period |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta We cannot trace in detail the process by which Sparta subjugated the whole of Laconia, but apparently the first step, taken in the reign of Archelaus and Charillus, was to secure the upper Eurotas valley, conquering the border territory of Aegys. Archelaus' son Teleclus is said to have taken Amyclae, Pharis and Geronthrae, thus mastering the central Laconian plain and the eastern plateau which lies between the Eurotas and Mount Parnon: his son, Alcamenes, by the subjugation ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE Early in the 6th century the Spartan kings Leon and Agasicles made a vigorous attack on Tegea, the most powerful of the Arcadian cities, but it was not until the reign of Anaxandridas and Ariston, about the middle of the century, that the attack was successful and Tegea was forced to acknowledge Spartan overlordship, though retaining its independence. The final struggle for Peloponnesian supremacy was with Argos, which had at an early period been the most powerful state of the peninsula and, even though its ter ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE |
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| | | | History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE The fall of Athens left Sparta once again supreme in the Greek world and demonstrated clearly its total unfitness for rule. Everywhere democracy was replaced by a philo-Laconian oligarchy, usually consisting of ten men under a harmost or governor pledged to Spartan interests, and even in Laconia itself the narrow and selfish character of the Spartan rule led to a serious conspiracy. For a short time, indeed, under the energetic rule of Agesilaus, it seemed as if Sparta would pursue a Hellenic policy and carry on the war against Persia. But troubles soon broke out in Greece, Agesilaus II was recalled from Asia Mino ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE |
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