History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background. For a discussion of the period of history leading up to apartheid, see History of South Africa. The first recorded use of the word "apartheid" (International Phonetic Alphabet [əˈpɑː(r)teɪt] or [-taɪt] in English and [aˈpartheid] in Afrikaans) was in 1917 during ...

Including:

• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Creation of apartheid
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Legal system created
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in South Africa from day to day
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The homeland system
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Forced Removals
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Black White Indian and coloured
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in international law
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The ANC and the Pan African Congress
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Sharpeville Massacre
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance goes underground
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Black Consciousness Movement and the Soweto riots
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - White resistance
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - International relations
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - UN arms embargo
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Total onslaught
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Destabilisation and sabotage
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Conservatism
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - State security
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - HIV/AIDS epidemic
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Winds of change
• History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Notes

Read more here: » History of South Africa in the apartheid era: Encyclopedia - History of South Africa in the apartheid era

See also:

History of South Africa in the apartheid era, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Creation of apartheid, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Legal system created, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid from day to day, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The homeland system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Forced removals, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Colour classification, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in international law, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Internal resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The ANC and the PAC, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Sharpeville Massacre, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance goes underground, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Black Consciousness Movement, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - White resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - International relations, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - UN arms embargo, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Total onslaught, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Destabilisation and sabotage, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Conservatism, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - State security, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - HIV/AIDS epidemic, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Winds of change, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Notes

Read more here: » History of South Africa in the apartheid era: Encyclopedia II - History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system

History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in South Africa from day to day. Apartheid was implemented by the law. The following restrictions were not only social but were strictly enforced by law: Non-whites were not allowed to run businesses or professional practices in those areas designated as 'white South Africa' without a permit. They were supposed to move to the black homelands and set up businesses and practices there. Transport and civil facilities were segregated. ...

See also:

History of South Africa in the apartheid era, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Creation of apartheid, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Legal system created, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in South Africa from day to day, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The homeland system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Forced Removals, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Black White Indian and coloured, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in international law, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The ANC and the Pan African Congress, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Sharpeville Massacre, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance goes underground, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Black Consciousness Movement and the Soweto riots, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - White resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - International relations, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - UN arms embargo, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Total onslaught, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Destabilisation and sabotage, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Conservatism, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - State security, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - HIV/AIDS epidemic, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Winds of change, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Notes

Read more here: » History of South Africa in the apartheid era: Encyclopedia II - History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system

Bantustan refers to any of the territories designated as tribal "homelands" for black South Africans and Namibians during the apartheid era. The term "bantustan" was first used in the late 1940s and was coined from Bantu (meaning "people" in the Bantu languages) and -stan (meaning "land of" in the Persian language, equivalent to the Latin ending -ia and the Germanic -land). It was based on Hindustan, a term used to refer to the land beyond the Indus/Sindhu India. It was a disparaging term used by critics of the apartheid-era government ...

Including:

• Bantustan - Creation of the Bantustans
• Bantustan - Life in the Bantustans
• Bantustan - Post-1994
• Bantustan - List of the Bantustans

Read more here: » Bantustan: Encyclopedia - Bantustan

The Cape Malay community is an ethnic group or community in South Africa, taking its name from what is now known as the Western Cape of South Africa and the Malay people who started this community in South Africa. The community's earliest members were slaves brought by the Dutch East India Company, followed shortly thereafter by political dissidents and Muslim religious leaders who opposed the Dutch presence in what is now Indonesia. Starting in 1654, these resistors were imprisoned or exiled in South Africa by the Dutch East India Co ...

Including:

• Cape Malays - Terminology
• Cape Malays - Culture
• Cape Malays - Population and location

Read more here: » Cape Malays: Encyclopedia - Cape Malays

Paul Kruger, a notable Afrikaner Western Cape Province: 0.55 million, North West Province: 0.2 million, Free State Province: 0.2 million (2001 est. 1) Afrikaners are South Africans of predominantly Dutch Calvinist, French Huguenot, German Protestant, Frisian, Flemish, and Walloon descent who speak Afrikaans. Afrikaners are also sometimes referred to as Boers (Afrikaans for farmer) as a significant percentage are descended from cultural Boers, but many Afrikaners now view this ...

Including:

• Afrikaner - History
• Afrikaner - Today
• Afrikaner - Afrikaner versus Boer
• Afrikaner - Notable historic Afrikaners
• Afrikaner - Notable contemporary Afrikaners

Read more here: » Afrikaner: Encyclopedia - Afrikaner

Windhoek, Namibia Windhoek (pronounced «VINT hook» or «VUNT (h)ook») is the capital of Namibia, 22.56 S 17.09 E. It has a population of 230,000 and is a major trade centre of sheep skins. Windhoek was originally the centre of a Nama chief, who defeated the Herero inhabitants of the region in the 19th century. Germany occupied the region in 1885, and it became the seat of colonial rule in 1892, as the capital of the colony of South-West Africa. During World War I, Windhoek was captured by South African troo ...

Including:

• Windhoek - History
• Windhoek - Transportation in the city
• Windhoek - Windhoek International Airport WDH
• Windhoek - Eros Airport
• Windhoek - Climate
• Windhoek - Restaurants

Read more here: » Windhoek: Encyclopedia - Windhoek

History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background. For a discussion of the period of history leading up to apartheid, see History of South Africa. The first recorded use of the word "apartheid" (International Phonetic Alphabet [əˈpɑː(r)teɪt] or [-taɪt] in English and [aˈpartheid] in Afrikaans) was in 1917 during ...

See also:

History of South Africa in the apartheid era, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Creation of apartheid, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Background, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Legal system created, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The apartheid system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid from day to day, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The homeland system, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Forced removals, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Colour classification, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Apartheid in international law, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Internal resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The ANC and the PAC, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - The Sharpeville Massacre, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Resistance goes underground, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Black Consciousness Movement, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - White resistance, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - International relations, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - UN arms embargo, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Total onslaught, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Destabilisation and sabotage, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Conservatism, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - State security, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - HIV/AIDS epidemic, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Winds of change, History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Notes

Read more here: » History of South Africa in the apartheid era: Encyclopedia II - History of South Africa in the apartheid era - Creation of apartheid

The University of Cape Town is a major tertiary education institution in Cape Town, South Africa, located on the Rhodes Estate on the slopes of Devil's Peak. UCT was founded in 1829 as the South African College, and is the oldest university in South Africa. It is a member of the Association of African Universities, the Association of Commonwealth Universities, and the Adamastor Trust of Western Cape universities. University of Cape Town - Campus. The main teaching campus, known as the Upper Campus, i ...

Including:

• University of Cape Town - Campus
• University of Cape Town - Organisation
• University of Cape Town - Size
• University of Cape Town - Notable Alumni
• University of Cape Town - Notable staff
• University of Cape Town - Notable research
• University of Cape Town - History

Read more here: » University of Cape Town: Encyclopedia - University of Cape Town

Cape Town (Afrikaans: Kaapstad; Xhosa: eKapa or SaseKapa) is the third most populous city in South Africa. As the oldest city in South Africa, it is known affectionately as the Mother City. It is the legislative capital of South Africa, as well as capital of the Western Cape province. Cape Town is famous for its natural harbour, as well as its location near the Cape of Good Hope. Its central area is dominated by Table Mountain, so named after its flat top ...

Including:

• Cape Town - History
• Cape Town - Government
• Cape Town - Demographics
• Cape Town - Tourism
• Cape Town - Sports teams and stadiums
• Cape Town - Transport
• Cape Town - Further education in Cape Town

Read more here: » Cape Town: Encyclopedia - Cape Town

The Republic of Zimbabwe is a country located in the southern part of the continent of Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the west, Zambia to the north and Mozambique to the east. Zimbabwe - History. Main article: History of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe - Iron Age. Iron Age Bantu-speaking people began migrating into the area about 2,000 years ago, including the ancestors of the Shona, who account for roughl ...

Including:

• Zimbabwe - History
• Zimbabwe - Iron Age
• Zimbabwe - Colonial Era
• Zimbabwe - Civil War
• Zimbabwe - Independence
• Zimbabwe - Politics
• Zimbabwe - Education
• Zimbabwe - Provinces
• Zimbabwe - Geography
• Zimbabwe - Economy
• Zimbabwe - Culture
• Zimbabwe - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Zimbabwe: Encyclopedia - Zimbabwe

Flag of the Commonwealth The Commonwealth of Nations, usually known as The Commonwealth, is an association of independent sovereign states, almost all of which are former territories of the British Empire. It was once known as the British Commonwealth of Nations or British Commonwealth, and some still call it by that name, either for historical reasons or to distinguish it from the other commonwealths around the world, such as the ...

Including:

• Commonwealth of Nations - Origins
• Commonwealth of Nations - Membership
• Commonwealth of Nations - Non-members
• Commonwealth of Nations - Suspension
• Commonwealth of Nations - Termination of membership
• Commonwealth of Nations - Organisation and objectives
• Commonwealth of Nations - Benefits of membership and contemporary concerns
• Commonwealth of Nations - Cultural Links
• Commonwealth of Nations - Literature
• Commonwealth of Nations - Commonwealth Business Council
• Commonwealth of Nations - List of Commonwealth members

Read more here: » Commonwealth of Nations: Encyclopedia - Commonwealth of Nations

"Black" in this context is an ethno-racial classification label applied to certain human populations. The term was spawned by the European colonization and conquest of non-Europeans. It solidified into popular culture during the enlightenment as one of the four major categories into which European philosophers tried to organize the newly discovered human diversity. The categories were based upon skin tone as perceived by Europeans of the time: Red (Native Americans), Yellow (east Asians), White (Europeans), and Black (Africans). Today ...

Including:

• Black people - The Concept of Blackness Created Through Colonialism
• Black people - Usage differs among former European colonies
• Black people - Former Iberian colonies do not use the label to denote groups
• Black people - Former British colonies apply the label to anyone darker than Europeans
• Black people - U.S. society equates the label with African-American ethnicity
• Black people - Who is Black?
• Black people - Who is a descendant of the African Diaspora?
• Black people - Who self-identifies as Black in an ethno-political but not ancestral sense?
• Black people - Who looks Black?2
• Black people - Footnotes
• Black people - Groups

Read more here: » Black people: Encyclopedia - Black people

Caste systems are an ancient system of social stratification or hierarchy that have existed throughout history and throughout the world, but the most well-known caste system today is the Indian Varna system. The word caste is derived from the Portuguese word casta, meaning "pure", while the original Hindu word varna means "color". Caste - Overview. Anthropologists use the term more generally to refer to a social group that is endogamous and occupationally specialized; such groups ...

Including:

• Caste - Overview
• Caste - Origins of the caste system
• Caste - Varna
• Caste - Twice born
• Caste - Jati
• Caste - Indian caste system
• Caste - Modern perceptions of caste
• Caste - Nepalese caste system
• Caste - Sri Lankan caste system
• Caste - Balinese caste system
• Caste - Japanese caste system
• Caste - Castes in ancient Israel
• Caste - Castes in Rwanda and Burundi

Read more here: » Caste: Encyclopedia - Caste

White supremacy is a racist ideology which holds that the white race is superior to other races. White supremacy is most often thought of in connection with anti-black racism and anti-Semitism, though it has also been used to justify discrimination against Native Americans, Chinese, Irish, Roman Catholics, Southeast Asians, Arabs and others. For example, politically, socially and economically, white supremacy was by and large the law of the land in the United States before and for decades after Reconstruction; the same is true ...

Including:

• White supremacy - White supremacy in the United States
• White supremacy - Ideology in contemporary White Supremacy
• White supremacy - Distribution and prominence of contemporary white supremacist groups
• White supremacy - Violent activism by contemporary white supremacist groups
• White supremacy - Fragmentation and formation of groupuscules
• White supremacy - Contemporary White Supremacists
• White supremacy - Organizations
• White supremacy - Related topics
• White supremacy - Compare

Read more here: » White supremacy: Encyclopedia - White supremacy

Anti-communism is the opposition to communist ideology, organization, or government, on either an ideological or pragmatic basis. Anti-communism is a catch-all phrase which defines any opposition to communism as a philosophical basis for a political and social alliance. The term came to have a global meaning during the Cold War, when the powers of Western society sought to coordinate an opposition to the apparent militarist expansion of the Soviet Union. For much of the period between 1950 and 1991 anti-communism was one of the ...

Including:

• Anti-communism - Background
• Anti-communism - Types of Anti-Communists
• Anti-communism - Fascism and Anti-Communism
• Anti-communism - Anti-communism in the United States and Cold War
• Anti-communism - Repression and Anti-Communism
• Anti-communism - Criticisms of Anti-Communism
• Anti-communism - Notable Anti-Communists
• Anti-communism - Contemporary anticommunism
• Anti-communism - Objections to Communist theory
• Anti-communism - Anticommunist histories
• Anti-communism - Economic performance of communist governments
• Anti-communism - Anarchist anti-Communism
• Anti-communism - Notable Anti-Communists
• Anti-communism - Anti-Communists who are also Anti-Fascists
• Anti-communism - Notable Anti-Communist Dissidents
• Anti-communism - Anti-Communist Statesmen and Military Leaders
• Anti-communism - Leaders of the Russian anti-Bolshevik White Movement
• Anti-communism - Anti-Communist Terrorists

Read more here: » Anti-communism: Encyclopedia - Anti-communism

The British Empire was the world's first global power and the largest empire in history. It was a product of the European Age of Discovery that began with the global maritime empires of Portugal and Spain in the late 15th century. By 1921 the British Empire held sway over a population of about 470–570 million people—roughly a quarter of the world's population—and covered about 14.3 million square miles (more than 37 million km²), almost a third of the world's total land area. Though it has since almost completely disappeared, t ...

Including:

• British Empire - Background: The English and Scottish Empires
• British Empire - The Anglo-Norman Kingdom
• British Empire - Growth of the overseas empire
• British Empire - Henry VIII and the rise of the Royal Navy
• British Empire - The Elizabethan era
• British Empire - The Stuart era
• British Empire - Scottish Empire
• British Empire - Colonization
• British Empire - Free trade and informal empire
• British Empire - British East India Company
• British Empire - Expansion
• British Empire - Collapse
• British Empire - Breakdown of Pax Britannica
• British Empire - Britain and the New Imperialism
• British Empire - British Colonial Policy
• British Empire - Britain and the Scramble for Africa
• British Empire - Home Rule in white-settler colonies
• British Empire - The impact of the First World War
• British Empire - The end of British rule in Ireland
• British Empire - Decolonisation and Decline
• British Empire - Extent
• British Empire - Africa
• British Empire - The Americas and Atlantic
• British Empire - Antarctica
• British Empire - Asia
• British Empire - Europe
• British Empire - Pacific
• British Empire - Extent after World War II
• British Empire - Africa
• British Empire - The Americas and Atlantic
• British Empire - Asia
• British Empire - Europe
• British Empire - Territories Lost by British Empire before 1921
• British Empire - Remaining Overseas Territories
• British Empire - Overseas Territories possessing substantial self-government
• British Empire - Other Overseas Territories
• British Empire - Crown Dependencies in British Isles Outside UK & EU
• British Empire - Personal Unions
• British Empire - Kingdom of England 927 - 1707
• British Empire - Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 - 1801
• British Empire - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801 - 1927
• British Empire - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1927 - present

Read more here: » British Empire: Encyclopedia - British Empire

Class conflict is both the friction that accompanies social relationships between members or groups of different social classes and the underlying tensions or antagonisms which exist in society. Class conflict is thought to play a pivotal role in history of class societies (such as capitalism and feudalism) by Marxists who refer to its overt manifestations as class struggle. Regardless of the truth or utility of that theory, conflict between classes exi ...

Including:

• Class conflict - Classes under capitalism
• Class conflict - Class in the Soviet Union and similar societies

Read more here: » Class conflict: Encyclopedia - Class conflict

History of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father Christ the Son The Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha The Gospels Ten Commandments Sermon on the Mount Christian theology Salvation · Grace Christian worship Christian Church Catholicism Orthodox Christianity Protestantism Christian denominations< ...

Including:

• Christian Identity - Organization
• Christian Identity - Ideology
• Christian Identity - Iconoclastic Biblical fundamentalism
• Christian Identity - Justifying violence
• Christian Identity - The end of the world and armageddon
• Christian Identity - Origin
• Christian Identity - Groups
• Christian Identity - Aryan Nations
• Christian Identity - The Order
• Christian Identity - South African groups
• Christian Identity - Opposition by neo-Nazis
• Christian Identity - The CSCS

Read more here: » Christian Identity: Encyclopedia - Christian Identity

History of South Africa - European expeditions. Main article: History of Cape Colony Little is known about the nearly 500 years from 500 AD to the date of first European contact. The first explorers to reach South Africa were the Portuguese, drawn southwards in hope of finding a sea route to India and Asia to replace costly and time-consuming land routes through central Asia. In 1487, Bartolomeu Dias and a small group of his men rounded a rocky, windy cape, naming it Cabo da Boa Espe ...

See also:

History of South Africa, History of South Africa - Pre-Colonisation, History of South Africa - Prehistory, History of South Africa - Bantu expansion, History of South Africa - Colonisation, History of South Africa - European expeditions, History of South Africa - The Dutch settle in, History of South Africa - Burghers meet the bush, History of South Africa - British at the Cape, History of South Africa - Difaqane and destruction, History of South Africa - The Great Trek, History of South Africa - A river runs red, History of South Africa - Independent South Africa, History of South Africa - The Boer republics, History of South Africa - The Anglo-Boer Wars, History of South Africa - Peace and unity?, History of South Africa - Prelude to apartheid, History of South Africa - Apartheid era, History of South Africa - Post-apartheid, History of South Africa - Rewriting history, History of South Africa - Free elections: Round two, History of South Africa - Into the future, History of South Africa - Notes

Read more here: » History of South Africa: Encyclopedia II - History of South Africa - Colonisation