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History of Eritrea | A Wisdom Archive on History of Eritrea | | History of Eritrea A selection of articles related to History of Eritrea | |
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| | |  History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - History
Horn of Africa - Ancient history.
The Kingdom of Aksum was an African state located in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Yemen that thrived between the 3rd and 11th centuries. Due to the Horn's strategic location, it has been used to restrict access to the Red Sea in the past.
The region was also a source of biological resources during the Antiquity: The ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans sent expeditions to the region for frankincense, myrrh, dragon's blood or cinnabar and took these commodities back along the Incense Route. Therefore the Romans called this region Regio Aromatica.
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See also:Horn of Africa, Horn of Africa - Geography and climate, Horn of Africa - History, Horn of Africa - Ancient history, Horn of Africa - Modern history, Horn of Africa - Culture and ethnicity, Horn of Africa - Economy, Horn of Africa - Ecology, Horn of Africa - Fauna, Horn of Africa - Flora Read more here: » Horn of Africa: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - History |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - Ecology The Horn of Africa is a UNESCO's Biodiversity Hotspot and one of the two entirely arid ones. However the Horn of Africa suffers largely from overgrazing and only 5% of its original habitat still remains. On Socotra, another great threat is the development of infrastructure.
Horn of Africa - Fauna.
About 220 mammals are found in the Horn of Africa. Among threatened species of the region, we find several antelopes such as the beira, the dibatag, the silver dikdik and the Speke’s gazelle. Other remarkable s ...
See also:Horn of Africa, Horn of Africa - Geography and climate, Horn of Africa - History, Horn of Africa - Ancient history, Horn of Africa - Modern history, Horn of Africa - Culture and ethnicity, Horn of Africa - Economy, Horn of Africa - Ecology, Horn of Africa - Fauna, Horn of Africa - Flora Read more here: » Horn of Africa: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - Ecology |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrean War of Independence - 1990s After end of the Cold War, symbolised by the fall of the Berlin Wall, the United States played a facilitative role in the peace talks in Washington during the months leading up to the May 1991 fall of the Mengistu regime. In mid-May, Mengistu resigned as head of the Ethiopian Government and went into exile in Zimbabwe, leaving a caretaker government in Addis Ababa. Having defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea, EPLF troops took control of their homeland. Later that month, the United States chaired talks in London to formalize the end of the war. These talks were attended b ...
See also:Eritrean War of Independence, Eritrean War of Independence - 1960s, Eritrean War of Independence - 1970s and 1980s, Eritrean War of Independence - 1990s, Eritrean War of Independence - Notes Read more here: » Eritrean War of Independence: Encyclopedia II - Eritrean War of Independence - 1990s |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - Geography and climate The Horn of Africa, almost equidistant from the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer, is an arid region.
Socotra is a small island off the coast of Somalia, in the Indian Ocean, that is considered to be part of Africa. Its size is 3,600 square km. It is a territory of Yemen, the southernmost country on the Arabian peninsula.
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See also:Horn of Africa, Horn of Africa - Geography and climate, Horn of Africa - History, Horn of Africa - Ancient history, Horn of Africa - Modern history, Horn of Africa - Culture and ethnicity, Horn of Africa - Economy, Horn of Africa - Ecology, Horn of Africa - Fauna, Horn of Africa - Flora Read more here: » Horn of Africa: Encyclopedia II - Horn of Africa - Geography and climate |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - History Main article: History of Eritrea
Eritrea had been ruled by many powers before it was colonised by the Italians in 1885. Previously, the coast was long occupied by the Ottoman Turks, who then left it to their Egyptian heirs in the mid 19th century. The interior, particularly the Christian (predominately Coptic) Kebessa Highlands of Hamasien, Akale Guzai, and Serai, were traditionally loosely associated with the Abyssinian Empire. An Italian Roman Catholic priest by the name of Sapetto purchased the port of Assab from the Afar Su ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - History |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - History Main article: History of Eritrea
Eritrea had been ruled by many powers before it was colonised by the Italians in 1885. Previously, the coast was long occupied by the Ottoman Turks, who then left it to their Egyptian heirs in the mid 19th century. The interior, particularly the Christian (predominantly Coptic) Kebessa Highlands of Hamasien, Akale Guzai, and Serai, were traditionally loosely associated with the Abyssinian Empire. An Italian Roman Catholic priest by the name of Sapetto purchased the port of Assab from the Afar Su ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - History |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Religion The dominant religions are Christianity and Islam, each group representing roughly 50% of the population. The Christians consist primarily of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahdo Church, which is the local Oriental Orthodox church, but small groups of Roman Catholics, Protestants, and other religions also exist.
Members of the Eritrean Orthodox Church are sometimes described as Coptic Christians because the hierarchy of that church was formerly subject to that of the Tawahido Church of Ethiopia, which was in turn formerly (before 1950) subje ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Religion |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Economy Main article: Economy of Eritrea
Since independence from Ethiopia, Eritrea has faced the economic problems of a small, desperately poor country. Like the economies of many African nations, the economy is largely based on subsistence agriculture, with 80% of the population involved in farming and herding.
The Ethiopia-Eritrea war severely hurt Eritrea's economy. GDP growth in 1999 fell to less than 1%, and GDP decreased by 8.2% in 2000. The May 2000 Ethiopian offensive into northern Eritrea caused some $600 million in pro ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Economy |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Politics Main article: Politics of Eritrea
The National Assembly of 150 seats, formed in 1993 shortly after independence, elected the current president, Isaias Afewerki. National elections have been periodically scheduled and cancelled. Independent local sources of political information on Eritrean domestic politics are scarce; in September 2001 the government closed down all of the nation's privately owned print media, and outspoken critics of the government have been arrested and held without trial, according to various international ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Politics |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Demographics Main article: Demographics of Eritrea
Eritrea's two main ethnic groups are the Tigrigna, who represent about half of the population, and the Tigre, who are about 40%. The remaining people are the Kunama, Afar, Bilen, Hidareb, Nara, Rashaida, and Saho. The local Tigrigna and the wider Arabic language are the two predominant languages for official purposes, but English and Italian are also spoken.
Dahlik is a newly discovered la ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Demographics |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Geography Main article: Geography of Eritrea
Eritrea is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered on the northeast and east by the Red Sea. The country is virtually bisected by the world's longest mountain range, the Great Rift Valley, with fertile lands to the west and the descent to desert in the East. Off the sandy and arid coastline is situated the Dahlak Archipelago and its fishing grounds. The land to the south, in the highlands, is slightly less dry and cooler. Eritrea at the southern end of the Red Sea is the home of the fork ...
See also:Eritrea, Eritrea - History, Eritrea - Politics, Eritrea - Regions, Eritrea - Geography, Eritrea - Economy, Eritrea - Demographics, Eritrea - Religion, Eritrea - Culture, Eritrea - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - Eritrea - Geography |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country The United States played a facilitative role in the peace talks in Washington during the months leading up to the May 1991 fall of the Mengistu regime. In mid-May, Mengistu resigned as head of the Ethiopian Government and went into exile in Zimbabwe, leaving a caretaker government in Addis Ababa. Having defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea, EPLF troops took control of their homeland. Later that month, the United States chaired talks in London to formalize the end of the war. These t ...
See also:History of Eritrea, History of Eritrea - Early history, History of Eritrea - Italian colonization, History of Eritrea - British administration and federalization, History of Eritrea - Fight for independence, History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country, History of Eritrea - After independence Read more here: » History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Fight for independence Militant opposition to the incorporation of Eritrea into Ethiopia had begun in 1958 with the founding of the Eritrean Liberation Movement (ELM), an organization made up mainly of students, intellectuals, and urban wage laborers. The ELM engaged in clandestine political activities intended to cultivate resistance to the centralizing policies of the imperial state. By 1962, however, the ELM had been discovered and destroyed by imperial authorities.
In 1962, Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexe ...
See also:History of Eritrea, History of Eritrea - Early history, History of Eritrea - Italian colonization, History of Eritrea - British administration and federalization, History of Eritrea - Fight for independence, History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country, History of Eritrea - After independence Read more here: » History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Fight for independence |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Early history Central areas of Eritrea and most tribes in today's northern Ethiopia share a common background in the kingdom of Axum of the first millennium, and in its Oriental-Orthodox christian church, Tewahedos, as well as in its Ge'ez language. Around 90% of today Eritreans speak languages (Tigrinya and Tigre) that are closely related to the now-extinct Geez language - as do Tigrinya-speakers in northern Ethiopia (and Amharic-speakers of Ethiopia are Ethiopian Semitics too, though Amharic is a bit more ...
See also:History of Eritrea, History of Eritrea - Early history, History of Eritrea - Italian colonization, History of Eritrea - British administration and federalization, History of Eritrea - Fight for independence, History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country, History of Eritrea - After independence Read more here: » History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Early history |
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| | | | History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Italian colonization Prior to Italian colonization in 1885, what is now Eritrea had been part of Ethiopia as the province Medri Bahri (Tigrigna for Sealand), though Mitsiwa and some other portions had at times been ruled by the various local or international powers that successively dominated the Red Sea region.
The boundaries of modern Eritrea were established during the period of Italian colonization that began in the late 1800s. An Italian shipping company, Rubatinno Shipping, purchased the port of Assab from a local ruler. In turn, the Italian governm ...
See also:History of Eritrea, History of Eritrea - Early history, History of Eritrea - Italian colonization, History of Eritrea - British administration and federalization, History of Eritrea - Fight for independence, History of Eritrea - Establishing an independent country, History of Eritrea - After independence Read more here: » History of Eritrea: Encyclopedia II - History of Eritrea - Italian colonization |
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