The history of space exploration has been marred by a number of tragedies that resulted in the deaths of the astronauts or ground crew. As of 2004, in-flight accidents had killed 18 astronauts, training accidents had claimed at least 11 astronauts and launchpad accidents had killed at least 70 ground crew. Only the crew of Soyuz 11 died in space. About 2% of the manned launch/reentry attempts have killed their crew, with Soyuz and the Shuttle having almost the same death rates. Except for the X-15 (which is a suborbital rocket ...

See also:

Space disaster, Space disaster - Astronaut fatalities, Space disaster - In-flight accidents, Space disaster - Training accidents, Space disaster - Near misses, Space disaster - Ground crew fatalities, Space disaster - Other accidents, Space disaster - Fatal accidents in which ground personnel were killed

Read more here: » Space disaster: Encyclopedia II - Space disaster - Astronaut fatalities

There is some doubt as to who was the first fatality, as Hector Pieterson was pronounced dead upon arrival at the clinic, whereas Hastings Ndlovu died from bullet wounds to the head shortly after being brought to the clinic. The 15 year old lapsed into a coma and never recovered. The doctors were unable to save his life due to the seriousness of his wounds. It is still not clear who died first, Hector Pieterson or Hastings Ndlovu, but it is likely that Pieterson was the first death on that day. Hastings Ndlovu was survived by his parents and two sisters. His sisters left the country soon after June ...

See also:

Hastings Ndlovu, Hastings Ndlovu - First Fatality?

Read more here: » Hastings Ndlovu: Encyclopedia II - Hastings Ndlovu - First Fatality?

Because The Crow's second unit team were running behind schedule, it was decided that dummy cartridges — bullets that outwardly appear to be functional, but contain no gunpowder and hence pose no threat to those on the set of a movie — would be made from real cartridges that had been brought to the set earlier in production. Bruce Merlin, an effects technician, dismantled the live cartridges by removing the bullets, emptying out the gunpowder, detonating the primer and reinserting the bullets. This rendered the cartridges inoperative, bu ...

See also:

Brandon Lee, Brandon Lee - Early life, Brandon Lee - Theatrical career, Brandon Lee - Fatal accident, Brandon Lee - Filmography

Read more here: » Brandon Lee: Encyclopedia II - Brandon Lee - Fatal accident

Hinduism (Hindu Dharma): (Sanskrit) India's indigenous religious and cultural system, followed today by nearly one billion adherents, mostly in India, but with large populations in many other countries. Also called Sanatana Dharma, "eternal religion" and Vaidika Dharma, "religion of the Vedas."

Hinduism is the world's most ancient religion and encompasses a broad spectrum of philosophies ranging from pluralistic theism to absolute monism.

It is a family of myriad faiths with four primary denominations:

• Saivism,
• Vaishnavism,
• Shaktism and
• Smartism.

These four hold such divergent beliefs that each is a complete and independent religion. Yet, they share a vast heritage of culture and belief:

• karma,
• dharma,
• reincarnation,
• all-pervasive Divinity,
• temple worship,
• sacraments,
• manifold Deities,
• the guru-shishya tradition and
• a reliance on the Vedas as scriptural authority.

From the rich soil of Hinduism long ago sprang various other traditions. Among these were Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism, which rejected the Vedas and thus emerged as completely distinct religions, disassociated from Hinduism, while still sharing many philosophical insights and cultural values with their parent faith.

Though the genesis of the term is controversial, the consensus is that the term Hindu or Indu was used by the Persians to refer to the Indian peoples of the Indus Valley as early as 500 bce. Additionally, Indian scholars point to the appearance of the related term Sindhu in the ancient Rig Veda Samhita. Janaki Abhisheki writes (Religion as Knowledge: The Hindu Concept, p. 1): "Whereas today the word

Hindu connotes a particular faith and culture, in ancient times it was used to describe those belonging to a particular region. About 500 bce we find the Persians referring to 'Hapta Hindu.' This referred to the region of Northwest India and the Punjab (before partition).

The Rig Veda (the most ancient literature of the Hindus) uses the word Sapta Sindhu singly or in plural at least 200 times. Sindhu is the River Indus. Panini, the great Sanskrit grammarian, also uses the word Sindhu to denote the country or region.

While the Persians substituted h for s, the Greeks removed the h also and pronounced the word as 'Indoi.' Indian is derived from the Greek Indoi."

Dr. S. Radhakrishnan similarly observed,

"The Hindu civilization is so called since its original founders or earliest followers occupied the territory drained by the Sindhu (the Indus) River system corresponding to the Northwest Frontier Province and the Punjab. This is recorded in the Rig Veda, the oldest of the Vedas, the Hindu scriptures, which give their name to this period of Indian history. The people on the Indian side of the Sindhu were called Hindus by the Persians and the later Western invaders. That is the genesis of the word Hindu" (The Hindu View of Life, p. 12).

See: Hindu.

(See also: Hinduism, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

He died October 12, 1940, in an auto accident in Florence, Arizona in which he was killed by a suitcase. Mix was driving his 1937 Cord 812 phaeton at night between Tucson, Arizona and Phoenix, Arizona on a two-lane road when he came to a bridge that had been washed away. Mix’s car catapulted across the empty space and crashed into the other side. The metal-hardened suitcase he had packed and put on the seat behind him flew free and struck him in the back of the head, shatt ...

See also:

Tom Mix, Tom Mix - Early years, Tom Mix - Film career, Tom Mix - Fatal accident, Tom Mix - Honors, Tom Mix - External link

Read more here: » Tom Mix: Encyclopedia II - Tom Mix - Fatal accident

On the 11th of October 1999, an Air Botswana captain boarded a parked ATR-42 aircraft A2-ABB in the early morning and took off. Once in the air, he asked by radio to speak to the president, Air Botswana's general manager, the station commander, central police station and his girlfriend, among others. Because the president was out of the country, he was allowed to speak to the vice president. In spite of all attempts to persuade him to land and discuss his grievances, he stated he was going to crash into some planes on the apron. After a tota ...

See also:

Air Botswana, Air Botswana - Code Data, Air Botswana - History, Air Botswana - Fatal crash, Air Botswana - 2005 News, Air Botswana - Services, Air Botswana - Fleet

Read more here: » Air Botswana: Encyclopedia II - Air Botswana - Fatal crash

Hinduism

The major world religion that originated from the ancient religions of India. The ancient gods (especially the triad of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva) are commonly interpreted as representations of the various aspects of the divine (Brahman).

Human beings progress to the ultimate realization of their oneness with Brahman (often called Nirvana) through reincarnation according to the law of karma. Some of the concepts of Hinduism are incorporated, modified, and expanded upon in the New Age Movement.

(See also: Hinduism, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Hinduism

The major world religion that originated from the ancient religions of India. The ancient gods (especially the triad of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva) are commonly interpreted as representations of the various aspects of the divine (Brahman).

Human beings progress to the ultimate realization of their oneness with Brahman (often called Nirvana) through reincarnation according to the law of karma. Some of the concepts of Hinduism are incorporated, modified, and expanded upon in the New Age Movement.

(See also: Hinduism, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Definition and meaning of Hinduism

Hinduism - [World History]

Hinduism evolved from an ancient Aryan religion and blended the beliefs of peoples conquered by the Aryans. It is a religion and philosophy based on one supreme force, Brahma, and other gods including Vishnu and Shiva. Brahma created the world, Vishnu preserves it and Shiva is the destructive force. Each individual has a soul which forms part of the universal soul, atman. Hindus strive to free their soul from its individual existence so it can unite with atman. This takes more than one lifetime, and reincarnation continues until the soul is freed. Hinduism is practiced primarily in India today although a form exists on the Indonesian island of Bali.

(Source: The Social Studies Center at Texas University )

Also see these pages:  Social Studies, Social Studies Sitemap, History, History Sitemap

Definition and meaning of Hinduism

Hinduism - [World History]

Hinduism evolved from an ancient Aryan religion and blended the beliefs of peoples conquered by the Aryans. It is a religion and philosophy based on one supreme force, Brahma, and other gods including Vishnu and Shiva. Brahma created the world, Vishnu preserves it and Shiva is the destructive force. Each individual has a soul which forms part of the universal soul, atman. Hindus strive to free their soul from its individual existence so it can unite with atman. This takes more than one lifetime, and reincarnation continues until the soul is freed. Hinduism is practiced primarily in India today although a form exists on the Indonesian island of Bali.

(Source: The Social Studies Center at Texas University )

Also see these pages:  Social Studies, Social Studies Sitemap, History, History Sitemap

On October 19, 1986 Samora Machel was on his way back from an international meeting in Lusaka in the presidential Tupolev Tu-134 aircraft when the plane crashed in the Lebombo Mountains, near Mbuzini. There were nine survivors but President Machel and twenty-four others died, including ministers and officials of the Mozambique government. While there was widespread suspicion—both nationally and internationally—that the apartheid regime was implicated in the crash, no ...

See also:

Samora Machel, Samora Machel - Peasant roots, Samora Machel - Liberation struggle, Samora Machel - Independence, Samora Machel - The fatal aircrash, Samora Machel - Inquiries into the aircrash, Samora Machel - Margo Commission, Samora Machel - Soviet report, Samora Machel - TRC report, Samora Machel - Mrs Machel

Read more here: » Samora Machel: Encyclopedia II - Samora Machel - The fatal aircrash

Hinduism: It is both a civilization and a community of religions; it has no beginning or founder, nor a central authority, hierarchy, or organization. Every attempt to define Hinduism has proved to be unsatisfactory in one way or another.  It embraces one god and many gods, it is unique, but acknowledges many paths to one truth.

(See also: Hinduism, Yoga, Yoga Dictionary)

HINDUISM: The main religious and social system in India. Hinduism has various sects with the commonality of the belief in reincarnation, polytheism and an ordained caste system as its social base.

(See also: HINDUISM, Magickal Traditions, Magickal Paths, Paganism, Pagan Dictionary)

While many people were burned to death by the fire, many others died as a result of the ensuing chaos. Though most spectators were able to escape the fire, many people were caught up in the hysteria and panicked. Witnesses said some people simply ran around in circles trying to find their loved ones, rather than trying to escape the burning tent. Some escaped but ran back inside to find family members. Others stayed in their seats until it was too late, assuming that ...

See also:

Hartford Circus Fire, Hartford Circus Fire - Cause of the fatalities, Hartford Circus Fire - The first investigation, Hartford Circus Fire - Segee's confession, Hartford Circus Fire - Little Miss 1565 and her true identity, Hartford Circus Fire - Hartford and the circus today

Read more here: » Hartford Circus Fire: Encyclopedia II - Hartford Circus Fire - Cause of the fatalities

"...I will ultimately fail." ("...I will ultimately fail.") Variant A: This view maintains that there is one timeline that is linear and complete. It can also be represented as a circle meeting at a big bang/big crunch acquiescence. In this variant, time travel is not possible and everything that is to transpire is set permanently. Variant B: This view is a combination of Variant A and Interpretation Four, allowing time travel, but only as an integral part of the unchangeable timeline. Any time travel that is to take place must ...

See also:

Temporal mechanics, Temporal mechanics - Interpretation One - Fatalism, Temporal mechanics - Interpretation Two - Annihilation, Temporal mechanics - Interpretation Three - Capture, Temporal mechanics - Interpretation Four - Back to the Future

Read more here: » Temporal mechanics: Encyclopedia II - Temporal mechanics - Interpretation One - Fatalism

Rolling Thunder: On August 16, 1981, a park employee, Joshua Reilly, died after falling from the Rolling Thunder roller coaster. Somewhat ironically, the accident occurred during a safety test of the cars. The New Jersey Labor Department's investigation discovered that the employee did not secure himself with the safety bar. Further, alcohol was determined to be a contributing factor in the accident. After an inspection, Rolling Thunder ...

See also:

Six Flags Great Adventure, Six Flags Great Adventure - Transportation, Six Flags Great Adventure - Park Fatalities, Six Flags Great Adventure - Ride/Attraction Timeline

Read more here: » Six Flags Great Adventure: Encyclopedia II - Six Flags Great Adventure - Park Fatalities

(As Human Smoke) Smoke-Plosion: In homage to Shang Tsung's fatality in Mortal Kombat II, Smoke enters his opponent's body and bashes in their inside organs before exploding and ripping their body apart (Mortal Kombat Trilogy). Tele-death: Using Scorpion's teleport move, Smoke teleport punches his opponent's head off (Mortal Kombat Trilogy). (As Robot Smoke) Smoke Bomb: Smoke shoves an explosive bomb in his opponent's mouth in which detonates and explodes, rip ...

See also:

Smoke Mortal Kombat, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Official debut, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Place of origin, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Alignment, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Allies and enemies, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Kombat highlights, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Fighting styles, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Storyline, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Movie appearance, Smoke Mortal Kombat - TV appearance, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Memorable fatalities, Smoke Mortal Kombat - Trivia

Read more here: » Smoke Mortal Kombat: Encyclopedia II - Smoke Mortal Kombat - Memorable fatalities

The first year of operations was marred when a six-year-old boy, Ryo Mizokawa, was killed on March 26, 2004 after his head was crushed by automatically revolving doors at the second-floor entrance to Mori Tower in the Roppongi Hills complex. He had been visiting the complex with his mother from Osaka. As a result of the tragedy, Mori Building Co., the operator of the building, agreed to pay the boy's family around 70 million yen in compensation and to undertake safety precautions to prevent similar incidents in the future. The automatic revolving doo ...

See also:

Roppongi Hills, Roppongi Hills - The development, Roppongi Hills - Mori Tower, Roppongi Hills - Other buildings, Roppongi Hills - Revolving door fatality, Roppongi Hills - Criticism and conflict in Roppongi Hills, Roppongi Hills - Financial issues

Read more here: » Roppongi Hills: Encyclopedia II - Roppongi Hills - Revolving door fatality

This epidemic was not a recurrence of the European Black Death, the devestating episodes of bubonic plague which began in the Fourteenth Century. In 1720, the plague bacillus yersinia pestis arrived at the port of Marseilles from Syria. With several known cases of the plague on board, the merchant ship was promptly placed under quarantine by port authorities. Due largely to a trade monopoly with the Levant, this important port had a large stock of imported goods in warehouses and was actively expanding its trade with other areas of the Middl ...

See also:

Great Plague of Marseille, Great Plague of Marseille - Outbreak and fatalities, Great Plague of Marseille - Recent research, Great Plague of Marseille - Related events

Read more here: » Great Plague of Marseille: Encyclopedia II - Great Plague of Marseille - Outbreak and fatalities

1920 Indianapolis 500 winner Gaston Chevrolet was killed in a crash later the same year at the Beverly Hills Speedway in Beverly Hills, California. 1919 Indianapolis 500 winner Howdy Wilcox died after a crash at Altoona in 1923. Altoona also claimed the lives of 1924 Indy winner Joe Boyer in 1924, and 1929 Indy winner Ray Keech in 1929. Ted Horn, champion in 1946, 1947 and 1948 died after crashing at the DuQuoin dirt track in late 1948. Indy 500 winners Floyd Roberts and Bill Vukovich were killed during the 1939 and 1955 500's respecti ...

See also:

American Championship Car Racing, American Championship Car Racing - Sanctioning Bodies, American Championship Car Racing - Retrospectively Awarded Champions, American Championship Car Racing - Names, American Championship Car Racing - Types of circuit, American Championship Car Racing - Non-US races, American Championship Car Racing - Vanderbilt Cup, American Championship Car Racing - Indianapolis 500 and 'The Split', American Championship Car Racing - Notable Drivers, American Championship Car Racing - Notable Fatalities in Competition, American Championship Car Racing - National Champions

Read more here: » American Championship Car Racing: Encyclopedia II - American Championship Car Racing - Notable Fatalities in Competition

The following people lost their lives in the Graniteville train disaster: Christopher Seeling, 28, of West Columbia, South Carolina, engineer of through train Willie C. Shealey, 43, of Graniteville, employee of Avondale Mills, Inc. John Laird, 24, of North Augusta, South Carolina, employee of Avondale Mills, Inc. Rusty Rushton, 58, of Ridge Spring, South Carolina, employee of Avondale Mills, Inc. Steven Bagby, 38, of Augusta, Georgia, employee of Avondale Mills, Inc. Joseph L. Stone, o ...

See also:

Graniteville train disaster, Graniteville train disaster - List of fatalities, Graniteville train disaster - Economic consequences, Graniteville train disaster - Findings and recommendations, Graniteville train disaster - Similar Accidents, Graniteville train disaster - Related information

Read more here: » Graniteville train disaster: Encyclopedia II - Graniteville train disaster - List of fatalities

The first fatality in a steam driven vehicle may have been Mary Ward who on 31 August 1869 fell under a steam driven car in Ireland [1]. In the UK the first person to die in a petrol driven car collision was a pedestrian, Bridget Driscoll in 1896. The first driver/passenger deaths occurred on 25 February 1899. A 6 HP Daimler, driven by 31-year-old engineer Edwin Sewell, crashed on Grove Hill, a steeply graded road on the northern slope of Harrow on the Hill, Middlesex, now in north-west London. A rear wheel collapsed after breaking it ...

See also:

Motor-vehicle collision, Motor-vehicle collision - First fatality, Motor-vehicle collision - Terminology issues, Motor-vehicle collision - Responsibility of car manufacturers, Motor-vehicle collision - Trends in collision statistics, Motor-vehicle collision - Types of collisions, Motor-vehicle collision - Legal consequences, Motor-vehicle collision - Rubbernecking, Motor-vehicle collision - Collision prevention

Read more here: » Motor-vehicle collision: Encyclopedia II - Motor-vehicle collision - First fatality