Hierarchies

A hierarchy (in Greek: Ιεραρχία, it is derived from ιερός-hieros, sacred, and άρχω-arkho, rule) is a system of ranking and organizing things or people, where each element of the system (except for the top element) is subordinate to a single other element. The first usage in the Oxford English Dictionary for hierarchy is from 1380, where it was used in reference to the three orders of three angels as depicted by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. Areopagite used the word both in reference to t ...

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Hierarchies: Encyclopedia II - Hierarchy - Social hierarchies Many human organizations, such as businesses, churches, armies and political movements are hierarchical organizations, at least officially; commonly superiors, called "bosses", have more power than their subordinates. Thus the relationship defining this hierarchy is "commands" or "has power over". (Some analysts question whether power "really" works as the traditional organizational chart indicates, however.) See also chain of command. Many social criticisms include a questioning of social hierarchies seen as being unjust. Feminism, f ...

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Hierarchy of angels - First Sphere

Hierarchy of angels - Second Sphere

Hierarchy of angels - Third Sphere

Hierarchy of angels - Angels

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Chomsky hierarchy

The Chomsky hierarchy is a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars that generate formal languages. This hierarchy of these grammars which are also called phrase structure grammars was described by Noam Chomsky in 1956 (see [1]). Chomsky hierarchy - Formal grammars. A formal grammar consists of a finite set of terminal symbols (the letters of the words in the formal language), a finite set of nonterminal symbols, a finite set of production rules with a left- ...

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Hierarchies: A Hierarchy of Gods Guide in Hinduism

A Hierarchy of Gods Guide Hinduism

A unique and all-encompassing characteristic of Hinduism is that one devotee may be worshipping Ganesha while a friend worships Siva or Vishnu or Kali, yet both honor the other's choice and feel no sense of conflict. The Hindu religion brings us the gift of tolerance that allows for different stages of worship, different and personal expressions of devotion and even different Gods to guide our life on this earth.

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Spiritual Hierarchy

Spiritual Hierarchy is a term that comes from Theosophy, also knows as the Ageless Wisdom teachings. It represents a group of self-realised people, and their disciples, who are best known as the Masters of Wisdom. They help humanity from behind the scenes on the invisible mental plane but are now increasingly making their existence known on the physical plane, mostly in the shape of miracles. According to the Ageless Teachings, Maitreya, the World Teac

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Command hierarchy

A command hierarchy is a group of people committed to carrying out orders "from the top", that is, of authority. It is part of a power structure: usually seen as the most vulnerable and also the most powerful part of it. Command hierarchy - In sociology. In sociology it is seen as the most visible element of a power network, which itself usually organizes many social networks. The entire network has social capital which is mobilized in response to the orders that move through the hierarchy - and closely con ...

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Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Containment hierarchy

A containment hierarchy is a hierarchical collection of strictly nested sets. Each entry in the hierarchy designates a set such that the previous entry is a strict superset, and the next entry is a strict subset. For example, all rectangles are quadrilaterals, but not all quadrilaterals are rectangles, and all squares are rectangles, but not all rectangles are squares. A taxonomy is a classic example of a containment hierarchy: In geometry: shape, polygon, quadrilateral, rectangle, square In biology: anima ...

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Catholic church hierarchy

In its application to the Catholic Church, the term hierarchy originally referred to the "holy ordering" of the entire People of God. It is now almost exclusively used to refer to the holy ordering of the clergy of the church, those who have received the sacrament of Holy Orders. All churches that adopt a "catholic principle" of ecclesial order—Catholics, Orthodox, Anglicans, etc.—acknowledge a threefold hierarchical order which was divinely inspired and therefore a permanent structural feature of the church: Bishops ...

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Catholic church hierarchy - Links

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) defines the main directories and their contents in Linux and other Unix-like computer operating systems. Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - Overview. The process of developing a standard filesystem hierarchy began in August 1993 with an effort to restructure the file and directory structure of Linux. The FSSTND (Filesystem Standard), a filesystem hierarchy standard specific to the Linux operating system, was released on February 14, 1994. Subs ...

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Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology that Abraham Maslow proposed in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation, which he subsequently extended. His theory contends that as humans meet 'basic needs', they seek to satisfy successively 'higher needs' that occupy a set hierarchy. Maslow studied exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Jane Addams, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Frederick Douglass rather than mentally ill or neurotic people, writing that "the study of crippled, stunted, immature, and unhealthy specimens can yield only a cripple psychology an ...

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Hierarchies: Encyclopedia II - Hierarchy - Social hierarchies

Many human organizations, such as businesses, churches, armies and political movements are hierarchical organizations, at least officially; commonly superiors, called "bosses", have more power than their subordinates. Thus the relationship defining this hierarchy is "commands" or "has power over". (Some analysts question whether power "really" works as the traditional organizational chart indicates, however.) See also chain of command. Some social insect species (bees, ants, termites) depend on ...

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Hierarchies: Encyclopedia - Wedding anniversary

Married persons who regard their marriage as important may mark the anniversary of their wedding in some special way. Broader groups in society, especially the families, and even more especially the children of such a couple, may help to celebrate such occasions. Retailers (especially jewellers), sensing a profit opportunity, have encouraged gift-giving on such wedding anniversaries, and may often suggest a hierarchy of types of gifts to reflect the importance of longer years of marriage (and per ...

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Wedding anniversary - Standard lists

Hierarchies: Encyclopedia II - Hierarchy - Diverse examples of reasoning with hierarchies

Many aspects of the world are analyzed from a hierarchical perspective. (The concept of hierarchy is thus a good example of interdisciplinary; it sometimes benefits from a sense of connection between otherwise unrelated disciplines.) BIOLOGICAL TAXONOMY: In biology, the study of taxonomy is one of the most conventionally hierarchical kind’s knowledge, placing all living beings in a nested structure of divisions related to their probable evolutionary descent. Most evolutionary biologists assert a hierarchy extending from the le ...

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Hierarchies

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