List of occultists - Rosicrucian Movements:. Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis (AMORC) Confraternity of the Rose Cross Fraternitas Rosae Crucis Rosicrucian Fellowship Rosicrucianism List of occultists - Other Mystical Movements:. Freemasonry FUDOSI FUDOFSI ...

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List of occultists, List of occultists - Famous magicians:, List of occultists - Classical mythology:, List of occultists - Ancient world:, List of occultists - Mediæval Europe:, List of occultists - Renaissance:, List of occultists - Enlightenment and early modern period:, List of occultists - Nineteenth century:, List of occultists - Twentieth century:, List of occultists - People subjected to magical legends, List of occultists - Magical movements societies and organisations:, List of occultists - Rosicrucian Movements:, List of occultists - Other Mystical Movements:, List of occultists - Fictional wizards magicians and witches:

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Friedrich Schleiermacher explored the nature of understanding in relation not just to the problem of deciphering sacred texts, but to all human texts and modes of communication. The interpretation of a text must proceed by framing the content asserted in terms of the overall organization of the work. He distinguishes between grammatical interpretation and psychological interpretation. The former studies how a work is composed from general ideas, the latter ...

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Hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Etymology, Hermeneutics - Biblical hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Medieval hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Renaissance hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutic traditions, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Law, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Sociology, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics of Schleiermacher and Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics since Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Misuse

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In Freemasonry legend, Enoch was the guardian of a secret doctrine that was first given to Adam to guard and preserve, which included specific knowledge of or about God, including his name. The secret was preserved from father to son within a close inner circle of believers until it was given to Enoch. Enoch was given a vision on a hill called Moriah, where he saw a cave with a lid or a covered vault that preserved sacred relics, including a gold record containing unknown engravings and symbols, one of which designated the name of the hill. Enoch was shown on this record the sacred name ...

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Enoch ancestor of Noah, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a man rewarded for piety, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch in Freemasonry, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a victim of the Angel of Death, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as Metatron, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a Greek, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as Emmerduranki and Gilgamesh

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More recently, Hecate has appeared in Mike Mignola's Hellboy comics. She is also heavily mentioned in the popular TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer by wiccans and other characters casting spells. Hecate Enthroned are an English black metal band. ...

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Hecate, Hecate - Representations, Hecate - Mythology, Hecate - Relations in the Greek Pantheon, Hecate - Other names and epithets, Hecate - Goddess of the crossroads, Hecate - Goddess of sorcery, Hecate - Emblems, Hecate - Animals, Hecate - Plants and herbs, Hecate - Places, Hecate - Festivals, Hecate - Cross-cultural parallels, Hecate - Hecate in literature, Hecate - Hecate in popular culture, Hecate - Hecate in Modern Day Magic, Hecate - Queen of ghosts, Hecate - Bibliography

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On the most popular 19th-century level, all of ancient Egypt was reduced in the European imagination to the Nile, the Pyramids and the Great Sphinx in a setting of sand, characterized on a more literary level in Shelley's "Ozymandias" (1818): round the decay Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, The lone and level sands stretch far away. Ancient Egypt provided the setting for Verdi's stately tragedy AidaSee also:

Egypt in the European imagination, Egypt in the European imagination - 18th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 19th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 20th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 21st century

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In 1912, the discovery of an exquisite painted limestone bust of Nefertiti, unearthed from its sculptor's workshop near the royal retreat of Amarna, added the first new celebrity of Egypt. The bust, now in Berlin's Egyptian Museum became so famous through the medium of photography that it became the most familiar, most copied work of ancient Egyptian sculpture; Nefertiti's strong-featured profile was a major i ...

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Egypt in the European imagination, Egypt in the European imagination - 18th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 19th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 20th century, Egypt in the European imagination - 21st century

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Bruno believed, as is now universally accepted, that the Earth revolves and that the apparent diurnal rotation of the heavens is an illusion caused by the rotation of the Earth around its axis. He also saw no reason to believe that the stellar region was finite, or that all stars were equidistant from a single center of the universe. In these respects, his views were similar to those of Thomas Digges in his A Pe ...

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Giordano Bruno, Giordano Bruno - Life, Giordano Bruno - The cosmology of Bruno's time, Giordano Bruno - Bruno's cosmology, Giordano Bruno - In the movies, Giordano Bruno - Notes

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Perhaps the most commonly used meaning of the word hermeneutics outside academic circles is in relation to Biblical interpretation. Throughout Christian history scholars and students of the Bible have sought to mine the wealth of its meanings by developing a variety of different systems of hermeneutics. The question relates to the problem of how the reader is to understand Holy Scripture. By definition, this is a theological act, ie. part of the discourse of a faith-community. This does not mean that it is of no relevance to those who ...

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Hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Etymology, Hermeneutics - Biblical hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Medieval hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Renaissance hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutic traditions, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Law, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Sociology, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics of Schleiermacher and Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics since Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Misuse

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One prominent theme which arises in contemporary philosophical hermeneutics (i.e., the work of Hans-Georg Gadamer) is a serious calling into question of scientism. Scientism is the more or less unquestioned belief in the supremacy of the natural sciences when it comes to serving as models of knowledge. By calling scientism into question, hermeneutics is arguing for the legitimacy of (among other things) aesthetic, literary, spiritual, and philosophical knowledge, alongside (bu ...

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Hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Etymology, Hermeneutics - Biblical hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Medieval hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Renaissance hermeneutics, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutic traditions, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Law, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics in Sociology, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics of Schleiermacher and Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Hermeneutics since Dilthey, Hermeneutics - Misuse

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In the late first millennium BC, extensive writings attributed to Enoch appeared, in particular the 4 works known as the Book of Enoch. While all of these are regarded as non-canonical by all but Coptic Christianity, even Coptic Christianity regards the last two as dubious. These recount how Enoch is taken up to heaven, and is appointed guardian of all the celestial treasures, chief of the archangels, and the immediate attendant on God's throne. He is subsequently taught all secrets and mysteries, and, while all the angels are at his beck, f ...

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Enoch ancestor of Noah, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a man rewarded for piety, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch in Freemasonry, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a victim of the Angel of Death, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as Metatron, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as a Greek, Enoch ancestor of Noah - Enoch as Emmerduranki and Gilgamesh

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In the second half of the 16th century, the theories of Copernicus began diffusing through Europe. Although Bruno did not wholly embrace Copernicus's preference for mathematics over speculation, he advocated the Copernican view that the earth was not the center of the universe, and extrapolated some consequences which were radical departures from the cosmology of the time. According to Bruno, Copernicus's theories contradicted the view of a celestial sphere, immutable, incorruptible, and superior to the terrestrial region. Bruno went ...

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Giordano Bruno, Giordano Bruno - Life, Giordano Bruno - The cosmology of Bruno's time, Giordano Bruno - Bruno's cosmology, Giordano Bruno - In the movies, Giordano Bruno - Notes

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In its several Western recensions, the Tablet became a mainstay of medieval and Renaissance alchemy. Commentaries and/or translations were published by, among others, Trithemius, Roger Bacon, Michael Maier, Aleister Crowley, Albertus Magnus, and Isaac Newton. C.G. Jung identified "The Emerald Tablet" with a table made of green stone which he encountered in the first of a set of his dreams and visions beginning at the end of 1912, and climaxing in his writing the Seven Sermons to the Dead in 1916. Because of its longstanding popularity, the Emerald Tablet is the only piece of non-Greek Hermetica ...

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Emerald Tablet, Emerald Tablet - The Tablet itself, Emerald Tablet - Textual history, Emerald Tablet - Influence, Emerald Tablet - External link, Emerald Tablet - Bibliography

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The writings of Jabir Ibn Hayyan can be divided into four categories: 1. The 112 Books dedicated to the Barmakids, viziers of Caliph Harun al-Rashid who were descended from Zoroastrian priests from Bactria. This group includes the Arabic version of the Emerald Tablet, an ancient work that is the foundation of the Hermetic or "spiritual" alchemy. In the Middle Ages it was translated into Latin (Tabula Smaragdina) and ...

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Geber, Geber - Biography, Geber - Contributions to chemistry, Geber - Contributions to alchemy, Geber - Writings by Jabir, Geber - Translated work of Jabir

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The word alchemy comes from the Arabic al-kīmiyaˀ or al-khīmiyaˀ (الكيمياء or الخيمياء), which is probably formed from the article al- and the Greek word chumeia (χυμεία) meaning "cast together", "pour together", "weld", "alloy", etc. (from khumatos, "that which is poured out, an ingot"). A decree of Diocletian, written about 300 CE in Greek, speaks against "the ancient writings of the Egyptians, which treat of the khēmia ...

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Alchemy, Alchemy - Overview, Alchemy - Alchemy as a proto-science, Alchemy - The changing goals of alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy and astrology, Alchemy - Alchemy in the age of science, Alchemy - Alchemy as a subject of historical research, Alchemy - Etymology, Alchemy - History, Alchemy - Alchemy in Ancient Egypt, Alchemy - Chinese alchemy, Alchemy - Indian alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Greek world, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Roman Empire, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Islamic world, Alchemy - Alchemy in Medieval Europe, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Modern Age and Renaissance, Alchemy - The decline of Western alchemy, Alchemy - Modern 'alchemy', Alchemy - Alchemy in art and entertainment, Alchemy - Literature, Alchemy - Music, Alchemy - Other alchemical pages, Alchemy - Related and alternative philosophies, Alchemy - Scientific connections, Alchemy - Substances of the alchemists, Alchemy - Other resources

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Alchemy - Literature. Many authors lampooned alchemists and used them as the butt of satirical attacks. Two famous examples of these include the play The Alchemist by Ben Jonson and, two hundred years earlier, Geoffrey Chaucer's literary work Canon's Yeoman's Tale. Some others noteworthy examples include: The anime and manga series Fullmetal Alchemist (Hagane no Renkinjutsushi), by Hiromu Arakawa, is about two alchemists, and is largely concerned with Alchemy. The Philosopher's Stone is ...

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Alchemy, Alchemy - Overview, Alchemy - Alchemy as a proto-science, Alchemy - The changing goals of alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy and astrology, Alchemy - Alchemy in the age of science, Alchemy - Alchemy as a subject of historical research, Alchemy - Etymology, Alchemy - History, Alchemy - Alchemy in Ancient Egypt, Alchemy - Chinese alchemy, Alchemy - Indian alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Greek world, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Roman Empire, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Islamic world, Alchemy - Alchemy in Medieval Europe, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Modern Age and Renaissance, Alchemy - The decline of Western alchemy, Alchemy - Modern 'alchemy', Alchemy - Alchemy in art and entertainment, Alchemy - Literature, Alchemy - Music, Alchemy - Other alchemical pages, Alchemy - Related and alternative philosophies, Alchemy - Scientific connections, Alchemy - Substances of the alchemists, Alchemy - Other resources

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Hecate makes several appearances in William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth (c 1606); she is represented as a goddess or demon who commands the three witches. There is some evidence to suggest that the scene was not written by Shakespeare, but was added during a revision by Thomas Middleton, who used material from his own play The Witch (1615). Hecate is used by William Blake in a number of his paintings and poems. ...

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Hecate, Hecate - Representations, Hecate - Mythology, Hecate - Relations in the Greek Pantheon, Hecate - Other names and epithets, Hecate - Goddess of the crossroads, Hecate - Goddess of sorcery, Hecate - Emblems, Hecate - Animals, Hecate - Plants and herbs, Hecate - Places, Hecate - Festivals, Hecate - Cross-cultural parallels, Hecate - Hecate in literature, Hecate - Hecate in popular culture, Hecate - Hecate in Modern Day Magic, Hecate - Queen of ghosts, Hecate - Bibliography

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Jabir became an alchemist at the court of Caliph Harun al-Rashid, for whom he wrote the Kitab al-Zuhra ("The Book of Venus", on "the noble art of alchemy"). Jabir's alchemical investigations revolved around the ultimate goal of takwin — the artificial creation of life. Alchemy had a long relationship with Shi'ite mysticism; according to the first Imam, Ali ibn Abi Talib, "alchemy is the sister of prophecy". Jabir's interest in alchemy was probably inspired by his teacher Ja'far al-Sadiq, and he was himself called "the Sufi", indicating that he fo ...

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Geber, Geber - Biography, Geber - Contributions to chemistry, Geber - Contributions to alchemy, Geber - Writings by Jabir, Geber - Translated work of Jabir

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Jabir Ibn Hayyan was born around 721 in the town of Tus in Khorasan, Persia (present-day Iran). His father, a druggist of the Azd tribe, was executed for conspiring to overthrow the Umayyad caliphate. As a young man Jabir was sent to Kufa (present Iraq), to study the Qu'ran and mathematics. In Kufa he became a student of the celebrated Islamic teacher and sixth Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq. He lived for most of his ...

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Geber, Geber - Biography, Geber - Contributions to chemistry, Geber - Contributions to alchemy, Geber - Writings by Jabir, Geber - Translated work of Jabir

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The English physician and alchemist Robert Fludd (1574-1637) expicitly based his work Utriusque Cosmi Historia (The history of the two worlds) upon the macro/micro correspondence; as does Sir Thomas Browne in his binary Discourses of 1658: Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial depicts the small, temporal world of man, whilst The Garden of Cyrus represents the macrocosm, in which the ubiquitous a ...

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Macrocosm and microcosm, Macrocosm and microcosm - Ancient thought, Macrocosm and microcosm - Medieval and modern thought, Macrocosm and microcosm - Bibliography

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The Sabians were well known until the ninth century AD. Around this time, the Harranians claimed the name Sabian in order to avoid Islamic persecution. Long ago however, there may have existed some connection between the two groups, since Sabians allegedly had a base in Edessa. One should not confuse either of these groups with Sabaeans - a completely unrelated group. After the conquests of Alexander, Harran came to be a center of intellectual and religious activity, which evolved into a philosophical tradition centered on Hermes Tris ...

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Sabians, Sabians - Islamic reference, Sabians - Sabi-Harran connections, Sabians - Sabi-Mandaean connections, Sabians - In the Bahá'í writings, Sabians - New-Age Sabians, Sabians - Conclusion

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Some scholars have suggested that the Mandaean religion originated with Sabeans, who came under the influence of early Sabian missionaries but preferred their own priesthood. In either case we find in the writings from about 900 AD onward that there are now two Sabians mentioned and are distinguished as the "ancient first or true Sabians", while the Harranians are called the "pseudo Sabians". Thus various religious groups with a connection to baptism (like the Mandaeans) have sought to have the label applied to themselves in the hopes of avo ...

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Sabians, Sabians - Islamic reference, Sabians - Sabi-Harran connections, Sabians - Sabi-Mandaean connections, Sabians - In the Bahá'í writings, Sabians - New-Age Sabians, Sabians - Conclusion

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The oldest documentable source for the text is the Kitab Sirr al-Asrar, a pseudo-Aristotelian compendium of advice for rulers authored by Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani in around 800 AD. This work was translated into Latin as Secretum Secretorum (The Secret of Secrets) by Johannes "Hispalensis" or Hispaniensis (John of Seville) ca. 1140 and by Philip of Tripoli c. 1243. In the 14th century, the alchemist Ortolanus wrote a substantial exegesis on "The Secret of Hermes," which was influential on the subsequent development o ...

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Emerald Tablet, Emerald Tablet - The Tablet itself, Emerald Tablet - Textual history, Emerald Tablet - Influence, Emerald Tablet - External link, Emerald Tablet - Bibliography

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