Water pollution or H2O pollution has many sources and characteristics. Humans and other organisms produce bodily wastes which enter rivers, lakes, oceans and other surface waters; in high concentrations these wastes result in bacterial contamination and excessive nutrient loading (eutrophication). Industries discharge a variety of compounds such as heavy metals, and wastewater, sometimes in toxic concentrations, from industrial processes that may also be too hot or too low in dissolved oxygen to support life. Silt-bearing runoff from ...

Including:

• Water pollution - Causes
• Water pollution - Contaminants
• Water pollution - Consequences

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It is a brittle metal with a pinkish hue with an iridescent tarnish. Among the heavy metals, bismuth is unusual in that its toxicity is much lower that that of its neighbors in the periodic table such as lead, thallium and antimony. Traditionally, it has also been regarded as the element with the heaviest stable isotope, but this is now known to be not quite true (see below). No other metal is more naturally diamagnetic (as opposed to superdiamagnetic) than bismuth. It occurs in its native form, and has a high electrical resistance. Of any m ...

See also:

Bismuth, Bismuth - Notable characteristics, Bismuth - Applications, Bismuth - Crystals, Bismuth - History, Bismuth - Occurrence

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Blood alcohol content (or blood alcohol concentration), often abbreviated BAC, is the concentration of alcohol in blood, measured, by volume, as a percentage. For example, a BAC rating of 0.20 means 1 part per 500 in an individual's blood is alcohol. In many countries, the BAC is measured and reported as milligrams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood (mg/100ml). Number of drinks consumed is a poor measure of intoxication, because of variation according to body weight. One drink (unit of alcohol) ...

Including:

• Blood alcohol content - Metabolism and excretion
• Blood alcohol content - Test assumptions
• Blood alcohol content - External link

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Bioremediation can be defined as any process that uses microorganisms or their enzymes to return the environment altered by contaminants to its original condition. Bioremediation may be employed in order to attack specific contaminants, such as chlorinated pesticides that are degraded by bacteria, or a more general approach may be taken, such as oil spills that are broken down by the use of multiple techniques including the addition of nitrate and sulfate fertilizer to facilitate the decomposit ...

Including:

• Bioremediation - Monitoring bioremediation

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Bismuth is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. This heavy, brittle, white crystalline trivalent poor metal has a pink tinge and chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Of all the metals, it is the most naturally diamagnetic, and only mercury has less thermal conductivity. Lead-free bismuth compounds are used in cosmetics and in medical procedures. Bismuth - Notable characteristics. It is a brittle metal with a pinkish hue with an iridescent tarnish ...

Including:

• Bismuth - Notable characteristics
• Bismuth - Applications
• Bismuth - Crystals
• Bismuth - History
• Bismuth - Occurrence

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Town gas is a generic term referring to manufactured gas produced for sale to consumers and municipalities. Depending on the processes used for its creation the gas was a mixture of caloric gases: hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and volatile hydrocarbons with small amounts of noncaloric gases carbon dioxide and nitrogen as impurities. Prior to the development of natural gas supplies and transmission in the United States during 1940s and 1950s, virtually all fuel and lighting gas was manufactured, and the byproduct coal tars ...

Including:

• Town gas - Manufacturing process
• Town gas - Early history of gas production by carbonization
• Town gas - Early history of gas production by gasification
• Town gas - The uses of gas and the later development of the gas industry
• Town gas - Historical References
• Town gas - Development of Pacific coast oil gas process
• Town gas - Layout of a typical gas plant
• Town gas - Issues in gas processing
• Town gas - WWI-interwar era developments
• Town gas - Post WWII: the decline of manufactured gas
• Town gas - Post WWII positive developments
• Town gas - Environmental effects

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In science fiction tales of about the first two thirds of 20th century the planet Venus was usually described as a hot, misty place, a planet covered by swamps full of strange life forms, often as a world resembling Earth in Carboniferous period. After space probes launched for Venus sent back home data describing actual surface conditions of the planet (an extremely hot, dry desert with a lot of sulphuric acid in its environment), this exciting branch of the science fiction ...

Including:

• Venus in fiction - Venus in fiction

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Antimony is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Sb (L. Stibium) and atomic number 51. A metalloid, antimony has four allotropic forms. The stable form of antimony is a blue-white metal. Yellow and black antimony are unstable non-metals. Antimony is used in flame-proofing, paints, ceramics, enamels, a wide variety of alloys, electronics, and rubber. Antimony - Notable characteristics. Antimony in its elemental form is a silvery white, brittle, fusible, crystalline solid ...

Including:

• Antimony - Notable characteristics
• Antimony - Applications
• Antimony - History
• Antimony - Sources
• Antimony - Precautions
• Antimony - Compounds

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Chromates and dichromates are salts of chromic acid and dichromic acid, respectively. Chromate salts contain the chromate ion, CrO42-, and have an intense yellow color. Dichromate salts contain the dichromate ion, Cr2O72-, and have an intense orange color. Chromate - Characteristics. The chromium atoms are in oxidation state +6 in both, and the chromate and dichromate ions are fairly strong oxidizing agents. Chromium i ...

Including:

• Chromate - Characteristics

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Christine Todd "Christie" Whitman (born September 26, 1946) is an American Republican politician, the former Governor of New Jersey, and the former administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency in the administration of President George W. Bush. She is married to John R. Whitman, a prominent private equity investor, and they have two children. She is the granddaughter-in-law of former New York Gov. Charles S. Whitman. Whitman is the product of two powerful New Jersey political families, the Todds and the Schleys. She retains her ...

Including:

• Christine Todd Whitman - Early life
• Christine Todd Whitman - Career in politics
• Christine Todd Whitman - Philosophy and viewpoint
• Christine Todd Whitman - Electoral History
• Christine Todd Whitman - Quotes

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Chobham armour is a composite armour developed at the British tank research centre on Chobham Common. Although the exact composition of Chobham armour remains a secret, it appears to be a combination of ceramic layered between armour steel plating, a combination that is excellent at defeating high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds. Possible ceramics for such armours are: boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide (sapphire or "alumina"), titanium boride or Syndie, a synthetic diamond composite. Of these boron carbide is the harde ...

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Click image for description Venus, the second planet from the Sun, is named after the Roman goddess Venus. A terrestrial planet, it is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet", as the two are very similar in size and bulk composition. Although all planets' orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 1%. As Venus is closer to the Sun than the Earth, it always appears in roughly the same direction from Earth as the Sun (the greatest e ...

Including:

• Venus - Physical characteristics
• Venus - Atmosphere
• Venus - Surface features
• Venus - Venus' moon
• Venus - Aspects
• Venus - Observations and explorations of Venus
• Venus - Lowest distances to earth
• Venus - Cultural references

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Healing is the process whereby the cells in the body regenerate and repair to reduce the size of a damaged or necrotic area. Healing incorporates both the removal of necrotic tissue (demolition), and the replacement of this tissue. The replacement can happen in two ways: by regeneration: the necrotic cells are replaced by the same tissue as was originally there. by repair: injured tissue is replaced with scar tissue. Most organs will heal using a mixture of both mechanisms. ...

Including:

• Healing - Healing by regeneration
• Healing - Example of regeneration
• Healing - Healing by repair
• Healing - Specific examples of healing

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Chelation therapy is a process involving the use of chelating agents such as EDTA to remove heavy metals from the body. It has uses in both conventional and alternative medicine. Chelation therapy - Discovery in medicine. Chelating agents were introduced into medicine as a result of the use of poison gas in World War I. The first widely used chelating agent was called British Anti-Lewisite, or BAL, a name given to dimercaprol. It is an organic compound related to the mercaptans, which are a class of sulfur- ...

Including:

• Chelation therapy - Discovery in medicine
• Chelation therapy - Uses in conventional medicine
• Chelation therapy - Uses in alternative medicine
• Chelation therapy - Calcium chelation therapy

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Breastfeeding is the process of a woman feeding an infant or young child with milk produced from her breasts, usually directly from the nipples. Babies have a sucking urge that usually enables them to take in the milk, provided there is a good latch, a detached phrenulum, and a milk supply. Breast milk has been shown to be best for feeding a child if the mother does not have any transmissible infections. Nevertheless, some mothers do not breastfeed their children, either for personal or medical reasons. Some diseases, such as H ...

Including:

• Breastfeeding - Beginning lactation
• Breastfeeding - The let-down reflex
• Breastfeeding - Benefits
• Breastfeeding - Benefits for the infant
• Breastfeeding - Benefits for the mother
• Breastfeeding - Bonding
• Breastfeeding - Recommendations and research
• Breastfeeding - Difficulties with breastfeeding
• Breastfeeding - Breast refusal
• Breastfeeding - Medical conditions of the infant
• Breastfeeding - Medical conditions of the mother
• Breastfeeding - When breastfeeding can be harmful to the infant
• Breastfeeding - Health and diet
• Breastfeeding - Feeding options and requirements
• Breastfeeding - Expression
• Breastfeeding - Infant formula
• Breastfeeding - Tandem extended and shared breastfeeding
• Breastfeeding - Breastfeeding method
• Breastfeeding - Feeding and positioning
• Breastfeeding - Breast and nipple pain
• Breastfeeding - Weaning
• Breastfeeding - History of breastfeeding
• Breastfeeding - Developing alternatives
• Breastfeeding - Breastfeeding in Japan
• Breastfeeding - Breastfeeding in Canada
• Breastfeeding - Breastfeeding in Cuba
• Breastfeeding - Publicity promotion and law
• Breastfeeding - Recent global uptake
• Breastfeeding - Lactation without pregnancy

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In the context of biology, poisons are substances that cause injury, illness, or death to organisms, usually by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale. Some poisons are also toxins, usually referring to naturally produced substances, such as the bacterial proteins that cause tetanus and botulism. A distinction between the two terms is not always observed, even among scientists. Animal toxins that are delivered subcutaneously (e.g. by sting or bite) are also called venom. In normal usage, a poisonou ...

Including:

• Poison - Biological poisoning
• Poison - Poisoning in children
• Poison - Background
• Poison - Management
• Poison - By mechanism
• Poison - Corrosives T54
• Poison - Metabolic poisons energy
• Poison - Neurotoxins T44
• Poison - Teratogens birth defects
• Poison - Mutagens DNA damage
• Poison - Carcinogens cancer
• Poison - By source
• Poison - Non-radioactive inorganic poisons
• Poison - Organic poisons
• Poison - Naturally produced poisons and toxins
• Poison - Famous poisonings
• Poison - Confirmed poisonings
• Poison - Suspected or rumoured poisonings
• Poison - Poisons in crime fiction
• Poison - Novels
• Poison - Plays
• Poison - Films
• Poison - Poison in other literary works
• Poison - Novels

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Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized by persistent defects in the perception or expression of reality. A person experiencing untreated schizophrenia typically demonstrates grossly disorganized thinking, and may also experience delusions or auditory hallucinations. Although the illness primarily affects cognition, it can also contribute to chronic problems with behavior or emotions. Due to the many possible combinations of symptoms, it is difficult to say whether it is in fact a single psychiatric disorder; and Eugen Bleuler deliberately called the disease "the schizo ...

Including:

• Schizophrenia - Overview
• Schizophrenia - History
• Schizophrenia - Diagnosis
• Schizophrenia - Criteria signs and symptoms
• Schizophrenia - Subtypes
• Schizophrenia - Presentation
• Schizophrenia - Diagnostic issues and controversies
• Schizophrenia - Causes
• Schizophrenia - Genetic and environmental influences
• Schizophrenia - Neurobiological influences
• Schizophrenia - Incidence and prevalence
• Schizophrenia - Treatment
• Schizophrenia - Medication and hospitalization
• Schizophrenia - Therapy and community support
• Schizophrenia - Prognosis
• Schizophrenia - Schizophrenia and drug use
• Schizophrenia - Hallucinogens
• Schizophrenia - Cannabis
• Schizophrenia - Tobacco
• Schizophrenia - Schizophrenia and violence
• Schizophrenia - Violence perpetrated by people with schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia - Violence against people with schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia - Alternative approaches to schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia - Notable people affected by schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia - General reading

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Air pollution is a broad term applied to all physical (particulate matter), chemical, and biological agents that modify the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Some definitions also consider physical perturbations such as noise pollution, heat, radiation or light pollution as air pollution.[citation needed] Definitions commonly include the term harmful as a requisite ...

Including:

• Air pollution - Deaths
• Air pollution - Pollution Sources
• Air pollution - Contaminants
• Air pollution - Control Devices
• Air pollution - Indoor air pollution
• Air pollution - Asbestos
• Air pollution - Sources

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Acute tubular necrosis or (ATN) is a medical condition involving the death of tubular cells that form the tubule that transports urine to the ureters while reabsorbing 99% of the water (and highly concentrating the salts and metabolic byproducts). Tubular cells continually replace themselves and if the cause of ATN is removed then recovery is likely. ATN presents with acute renal failure ...

Including:

• Acute tubular necrosis - Toxic ATN
• Acute tubular necrosis - External link

Read more here: » Acute tubular necrosis: Encyclopedia - Acute tubular necrosis

A constructed wetland is an artificial marsh or swamp, created for human use, such as wastewater, storm water runoff or sewage treatment, as habitat to attract wildlife, or for land reclamation after mining or other disturbance. Natural wetlands act as biofilters, removing sediments and pollutants such as heavy metals from the water, and constructed wetlands can be designed to capitalize on this feature. Vegetation in a wetland provides a substrate (roots, stems, and leaves) upon which microorganisms that break down organic mat ...

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