Encyclopedia - Heartburn: Encyclopedia Ii - Heartburn - Treatment
Heartburn - Prevention. If heartburn occurs when lying down, raising the head with pillows or sitting up frequently provides relief –...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Heartburn: Encyclopedia Ii - Heartburn - Diagnosis
Physicians typically diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) based on symptoms alone. When the clinical presentation is unclear, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Heartburn Film: Encyclopedia Ii - Heartburn Film - Plot
The film is about two journalists, Rachel and Mark, who met at their friend's wedding, suddenly fell in love in each other, and eventuall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Acid Indigestion: Encyclopedia - Acid Indigestion
Acid indigestion is a type of indigestion involving an excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Frequent occurrence of acid indigestio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigestion: Encyclopedia - Indigestion
Indigestion is a condition that is frequently caused by eating too fast, especially by eating high-fat foods quickly. Symptoms of indiges...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antacid: Encyclopedia - Antacid
An antacid is any substance, generally a base, that counteracts stomach acidity. It is taken by mouth to relieve heartburn, sour stomach,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pepsin: Encyclopedia Ii - Pepsin - Trivia
The name Pepsi is derived from pepsin. Pepsin is also used in the preparation of cheese. Edward E. Beeman, a Cleveland druggist, came up ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tum: Encyclopedia - Tum
Tum or tum can refer to: Technische Universität München (Technical University Munich) Ra, the Egyptian god tum, Tumbuka language (ISO ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - H₂-receptor Antagonist: Encyclopedia Ii - H₂-receptor Antagonist - Clinical Use Of H2-antagonists
H₂-receptor antagonist - Indications. H2-antagonists are clinically used in the treatment of acid-related gastrointestinal conditions...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Milk Of Magnesia: Encyclopedia Ii - Milk Of Magnesia - Pharmaceutical Uses
Available over-the-counter, it is most commonly used in alleviating constipation, but can also be used to relieve indigestion and heartbu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zopiclone: Encyclopedia Ii - Zopiclone - Adverse Reactions
The side-effect most commonly seen in clinical trials is taste alteration (bitter, metallic taste). Zopiclone - More Common Reactions:. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Signs And Symptoms
Damage to the villi reduces the ability of the intestines to absorb nutrients, and it is believed that the resulting nutritional deficien...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Signs And Symptoms
Damage to the villi reduces the ability of the intestines to absorb nutrients, and it is believed that the resulting nutritional deficien...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wild At Heart Buffy Episode: Encyclopedia Ii - Wild At Heart Buffy Episode - Plot Synopsis
Episode six of season four, we find Buffy running across the U.C. Sunnydale campus chasing a vampire. Buffy thanks the vampire for reloca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peptic Ulcer: Encyclopedia Ii - Peptic Ulcer - Signs And Symptoms
Symptoms of a peptic ulcer can be: Abdominal pain; Hematemesis (vomiting blood); Melena (tarry feces due to oxidised iron from hemoglobi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stomach Cancer: Encyclopedia Ii - Stomach Cancer - Symptoms
Stomach cancer can be hard to find early. Often there are no symptoms in the early stages and, in many cases, the cancer has spread befor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Symptoms
Heartburn is the symptom of acid in the esophagus, characterized by a burning discomfort behind the breastbone (sternum). Findings in GER...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stevia: Encyclopedia Ii - Stevia - Uses
For centuries, the Guarani Native Americans of Paraguay and Brazil used Stevia species, primarily S. rebaudiana which they called ka'a he...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Eurovision Song Contest: Encyclopedia Ii - Eurovision Song Contest - Trivia
Eurovision Song Contest - The Contest in Popular Culture. As mentioned previously, the Eurovision Song Contest was the central focus o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia - Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a perennial plant in the family Alliaceae and genus Allium, closely related to the onion, shallot, and leek. I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia - Immortality
Immortality (or eternal life) is the concept of existing for a potentially infinite, or indeterminate length, of time. Throughout history...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sodium Bicarbonate: Encyclopedia - Sodium Bicarbonate
SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used. Disclaimer and references Sodium bicarbonate (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease
Coeliac disease (also called celiac disease, non-tropical sprue, c(o)eliac sprue and gluten intolerance) is a digestive disorder. It is c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Achalasia: Encyclopedia - Achalasia
Achalasia or acalasia is a failure of a ring of muscle (as a sphincter) to relax (completely). It refers most commonly to esophageal acha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia - Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a perennial plant in the family Alliaceae and genus Allium, closely related to the onion, shallot, and leek. I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cough: Encyclopedia - Cough
A cough is a sudden, often repetitive, spasmodic contraction of the thoracic cavity, resulting in violent release of air from the lungs, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia - Immortality
Immortality (or eternal life) is the concept of existing for a potentially infinite, or indeterminate length, of time. Throughout history...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Zopiclone: Encyclopedia - Zopiclone
Zopiclone (5S)-6-(chloropyridin-2-yl) -7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpipezarine-1-carboxylate C17H17ClN6O3 Zop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease
Coeliac disease (also called celiac disease, non-tropical sprue, c(o)eliac sprue and gluten intolerance) is a digestive disorder. It is c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Maternal Physiology
During pregnancy, the woman undergoes many physiological changes, which are entirely normal, including cardiovascular, renal, hematologic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pepsin: Encyclopedia Ii - Pepsin - Precursor
Pepsin is expressed as a pro-form zymogen, pepsinogen, whose primary structure has an additional 44 amino acids. In the stomach, chief ce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Encyclopedia Ii - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity - Common Symptoms Of Mcs
MCS patients often suffer from depression, anxiety and other psychological problems, leading some experts to believe that MCS is a physic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peptic Ulcer: Encyclopedia Ii - Peptic Ulcer - Pathophysiology
Classical causes of ulcers (tobacco smoking, blood groups, spices and a large array of strange things) are of relatively minor importance...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - History
Hydrochloric acid was first discovered around the year 800 by Arab-Yemeni alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), by mixing common salt with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Proton Pump Inhibitor: Encyclopedia Ii - Proton Pump Inhibitor - Mechanism Of Action
Proton pump inhibitors act by irreversibly blocking the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase enzyme system (the K+/H+-ATPase, or m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Techniques
The gastric bypass is the most commonly performed operation for weight loss in the United States. In the U.S, approximately 140,000 gastr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stomach Cancer: Encyclopedia Ii - Stomach Cancer - Diagnosis
To find the cause of symptoms, the doctor asks about the patient's medical history, does a physical exam, and may order laboratory studie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Treatment
Gastroesophageal reflux disease - Avoiding aggravating factors. The rubric "lifestyle modifications" is the term physicians use when re...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cimetidine: Encyclopedia Ii - Cimetidine - History And Development
Cimetidine was the prototypical histamine H2-receptor antagonist from which the later members of the class were developed. Cimetidine was...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Encyclopedia Ii - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity - Common Symptoms Of Mcs
MCS patients often suffer from depression, anxiety and other psychological problems, leading some experts to believe that MCS is a physic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Techniques
The gastric bypass is the most commonly performed operation for weight loss in the United States. In the U.S, approximately 140,000 gastr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - History
Hydrochloric acid was first discovered around the year 800 by Arab-Yemeni alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), by mixing common salt with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia Ii - Immortality - Types Of Immortality
Immortality can be divided into two main types: physical and spiritual. Physical immortality is the unending existence of the mind from a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - Biology And Chemistry
Because of its wide cultivation, the origins of garlic are not fully certain. It is related to onions and lilies, and cultivated in the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Treatment
Gastroesophageal reflux disease - Avoiding aggravating factors. The rubric "lifestyle modifications" is the term physicians use when re...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Acid - Physiology
Gastric acid is produced by parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) in the stomach. Its secretion is a complex and energetically exp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Complications
The mortality risk with the GBP in expert centers appears to be about 0.5%. Because of the increasing popularity of the procedures, some ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Post-surgery Expectations
The length of hospital stay after the surgery varies, but usually lasts 2–7 nights. Gastric bypass is overwhelmingly successful, with m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - How It Works
The mechanism in which the gastric bypass works is complex. After surgery, patients often experience significant changes in their behavio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Risks
The operation has a mortality rate of approximately 2% overall: 1% suffer immediate complications and death; another 1% will commonly hav...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia Ii - Immortality - Causes Of Death
There are three main causes of death: aging, disease and trauma. Aubrey de Grey, a leading scientist in the field of aging, defines aging...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia Ii - Immortality - Immortality In Fiction
Immortal beings and species abound in fiction, especially fantasy fiction, and the meaning of "immortal" tends to vary. Some fictional an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Immortality: Encyclopedia Ii - Immortality - Concepts Of Immortality
Considerations of immortality usually bring to mind the idea of unending existence, a freedom from the concerns of annihilation and death...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Epidemiology
Susceptibility to coeliac disease is genetic and many cases are diagnosed in childhood, but the disease can be triggered by environmental...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Bypass Surgery: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Bypass Surgery - Indications
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) have recommended the following criteria for bariatric surgery, which includes gastric bypass proc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Social Impact
Coeliac disease - Lifelong diet. The lifelong diet can be difficult and socially troublesome, especially in young patients, but it is c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Pathophysiology
Antibodies to the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG) are found in an overwhelming majority of cases, and cross-react to gluten2. This h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Applications
Hydrochloric acid is a strong inorganic acid that is used in many industrial processes. The application often determines the required pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Hydrochloric Acid And Living Organisms
Hydrochloric acid - Physiology. Hydrochloric acid constitutes the majority of gastric acid, the human digestive fluid. In a complex pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Safety
Hydrochloric acid in high concentrations forms acidic mists. Both the mist and the solution have a corrosive effect on human tissue, pote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wild At Heart Buffy Episode: Encyclopedia Ii - Wild At Heart Buffy Episode - Arc Significance
The existence of the primal, savage wolf in Oz and Veruca is a metaphor the fundamental, primal urges felt by all of us. These can be nat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Production
Hydrochloric acid - Direct synthesis. The large scale production of hydrochloric acid is almost always integrated with other industrial...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Chemistry
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a monoprotic acid, which can dissociate (i.e., ionize) only once to give up one H+ ion (a single proton). In a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Treatment
The only treatment is a life-long gluten-free diet. No medications are required, and none have proven useful; trials with immunosuppressi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Causes
The cause is presently presumed to be: Partly a genetic susceptibility to the illness (identical twins do not have 100% concordance howe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Causes
The cause is presently presumed to be: Partly a genetic susceptibility to the illness. Together with an environmental agent, probably a ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Diagnosis
The condition is frequently misdiagnosed or overlooked as it can exhibit multiple symptoms and often the patient or medical staff may not...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coeliac Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Coeliac Disease - Pathophysiology
Antibodies to the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG) are found in an overwhelming majority of cases, and cross-react to gluten2. This h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - Uses
Garlic - Culinary use. Garlic is most often used as a seasoning or a condiment. When crushed or finely chopped it yields allicin, a pow...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peptic Ulcer: Encyclopedia Ii - Peptic Ulcer - Diagnosis
In patients in whom peptic ulcer is suspected, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD, a form of endoscopy) is indicated. By direct visual ident...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Pathophysiology
Having GERD indicates incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter. Increased acidity or production of gastric acid can contribute to t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peptic Ulcer: Encyclopedia Ii - Peptic Ulcer - Epidemiology
In Western countries the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infections roughly matches age (i.e., 20% at age 20, 30% at age 30, 80% at age...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peptic Ulcer: Encyclopedia Ii - Peptic Ulcer - Treatment
Younger patients with ulcer-like symptoms are often treated with antacids or H2 antagonists before EGD is undertaken. Bismuth compounds m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Safety
Hydrochloric acid in high concentrations forms acidic mists. Both the mist and the solution have a corrosive effect on human tissue, pote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Hydrochloric Acid And Living Organisms
Hydrochloric acid - Physiology. Hydrochloric acid constitutes the majority of gastric acid, the human digestive fluid. In a complex pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stomach Cancer: Encyclopedia Ii - Stomach Cancer - Staging
If cancer cells are found in the tissue sample, the next step is to stage, or find out the extent of the disease. Various tests determine...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Chemistry
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a monoprotic acid, which can dissociate (i.e., ionize) only once to give up one H+ ion (a single proton). In a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Production
Hydrochloric acid - Direct synthesis. The large scale production of hydrochloric acid is almost always integrated with other industrial...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hydrochloric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Hydrochloric Acid - Applications
Hydrochloric acid is a strong inorganic acid that is used in many industrial processes. The application often determines the required pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Diagnosis
A detailed history taking is vital to the diagnosis. Useful investigations may include barium swallow X-rays, esophageal manometry, esoph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Antenatal Care
In obstetric practice, the obstetrician will see a pregnant woman on a regular basis as her pregnancy progresses. The exact schedule vari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - Classification
Classification of culinary garlic can be complex, with numerous cultivars being grown. The broadest division is into "hardneck" and "soft...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - History
From the earliest times garlic has been used as an article of diet. It formed part of the food of the Israelites in Egypt (Numb. xi. 5) a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Proton Pump Inhibitor: Encyclopedia Ii - Proton Pump Inhibitor - Pharmacokinetics
The absorption of PPIs is decreased up to 50% by food, so they should always be taken on an empty stomach. However, for them to work the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gastric Acid: Encyclopedia Ii - Gastric Acid - Role In Disease
In hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria, the parietal cells are unable to produce the required amount of gastric acid in the stomach, potenti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Imaging Monitoring And Care
In present society, medical science has developed a number of procedures to monitor pregnancy. Obstetrics - Antenatal record. On the fi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Induction
An obstetrician may recommend a woman have her labour induced if it is felt that continuation would be more dangerous to her, the fetus, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Symptoms
Obstetrics - Trimesters. First trimester: elevated β-hCG (up to 100,000 mIU/mL by 10 weeks GA) can cause morning sickness, fatigue, mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - Preservation
The types differ not only in culinary qualities, but in storage potential. Under good storage conditions, which are not hard to achieve (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Prenatal Care
Prenatal care is important in screening for various complications of pregnancy. This includes routine office visits with physical exams a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Complications
See Complications of Pregnancy Obstetrics - Fetal assessments. Common ultrasound is used for many functions: Dating the gestational...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Garlic: Encyclopedia Ii - Garlic - Cultivation
Selfsufficientish.com provides the following growing instructions: Plant the individual cloves from a garlic plant in drills of 5 cm (2 ...   » Read the article