Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. Their principal roles were as: Kings of Germany, (several centuries to 1806), mostly also crowned as Holy Roman Emperors, and Rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282–1453, archdukes 1453–1804, and emperors 1804–1918), Kings of Croatia (1527–1918), Kings of Hungary (1437–1918), Kings of Spain (1516–1700), Kings of Portugal (1580–1640),Including:

Habsburg - A brief history of the House of Habsburg
Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors Habsburg - Division of the House: Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine: the Austrian Empire
Habsburg - Main Line
Habsburg - Ancestors Habsburg - Counts of Habsburg Habsburg - Kings of Germany Habsburg - Dukes of Austria Habsburg - Albertine line: Dukes of Austria Habsburg - Leopoldine line: Dukes of Styria Carinthia Tyrol Habsburg - Reuniting of Habsburg possessions
Habsburg - Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria
Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain Kings of Portugal 1580-1640 Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine Lothringen main line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Emperors of Austria Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg post-monarchy Habsburg - Burials
Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary
Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Hungary Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Hungary
Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia
Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Bohemia Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Bohemia
Habsburg - Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France
Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs Habsburg - Habsburg-Lorraine

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Habsburg, Habsburg - A brief history of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors, Habsburg - Division of the House: Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine: the Austrian Empire, Habsburg - Main Line, Habsburg - Ancestors, Habsburg - Counts of Habsburg, Habsburg - Kings of Germany, Habsburg - Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Albertine line: Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Leopoldine line: Dukes of Styria Carinthia Tyrol, Habsburg - Reuniting of Habsburg possessions, Habsburg - Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain Kings of Portugal 1580-1640, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine Lothringen main line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Emperors of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg post-monarchy, Habsburg - Burials, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - Habsburg-Lorraine

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From the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries, the greatest non-Habsburg power in Europe was usually France. As a result, in usually futile attempts to either unite Europe under the Habsburg family or to prevent French enmity, Habsburg daughters were wed to successive kings of France. Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs. Elisabeth of Austria (1554 - 1592), wife of King Charles IX of France Leonor of Aus ...

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Habsburg, Habsburg - A brief history of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors, Habsburg - Division of the House: Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine: the Austrian Empire, Habsburg - Main Line, Habsburg - Ancestors, Habsburg - Counts of Habsburg, Habsburg - Kings of Germany, Habsburg - Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Albertine line: Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Leopoldine line: Dukes of Styria Carinthia Tyrol, Habsburg - Reuniting of Habsburg possessions, Habsburg - Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain Kings of Portugal 1580-1640, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine Lothringen main line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Emperors of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg post-monarchy, Habsburg - Burials, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - Habsburg-Lorraine

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Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors. The name is derived from the Swiss Habichtsburg (Hawk Castle), the family seat in the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries at Habsburg in the former duchy of Swabia in present-day Switzerland (Switzerland did not then exist in its present form, and the Swiss lands were part of the mainly Germanic Holy Roman Empire). From Southwest-Germany the family extended its influence and holdings to the south-eastern reaches of the Holy Roman Empire, roughly today's ...

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Habsburg, Habsburg - A brief history of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg - From Counts of Habsburg to Holy Roman Emperors, Habsburg - Division of the House: Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine: the Austrian Empire, Habsburg - Main Line, Habsburg - Ancestors, Habsburg - Counts of Habsburg, Habsburg - Kings of Germany, Habsburg - Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Albertine line: Dukes of Austria, Habsburg - Leopoldine line: Dukes of Styria Carinthia Tyrol, Habsburg - Reuniting of Habsburg possessions, Habsburg - Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain Kings of Portugal 1580-1640, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine Lothringen main line: Holy Roman Emperors Archdukes of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Emperors of Austria, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg post-monarchy, Habsburg - Burials, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Hungary, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Albertine line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - House of Habsburg-Lorraine main line: Kings of Bohemia, Habsburg - Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France, Habsburg - Austrian Habsburgs, Habsburg - Spanish Habsburgs, Habsburg - Habsburg-Lorraine

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Names of the territory that (with some exceptions) finally became Austria-Hungary: Habsburg monarchy or Austrian monarchy (1526 – 1867) : This was an unofficial, but very frequent name - even at that time. The entity had no official name. Note that technically the term Habsburg monarchy can also refer to the period 1276-1918 when the Habsburgs ruled in the monarchy centered in present-day Austria, and Austrian monarchy can refer to the monarchy centered in present-day Austria 1156 – 1867, but both terms ar ...

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Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - Terminology, Habsburg Monarchy - Territories, Habsburg Monarchy - Characteristics, Habsburg Monarchy - Habsburg territories outside the Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - History, Habsburg Monarchy - Rulers of the Habsburg Monarchy 1526-1918

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The collective term Austrian Crown Jewels or insignia (de: Insignien und Kleinodien) denotes the regalia and vestments worn by the Holy Roman Emperor, and later the Austrian Emperor during the coronation ceremony and at various other state functions. The term refers to the following objects: the crowns, sceptres, orbs, swords, rings, crosses, holy relics, and the royal robes, as well ...

Including:

Austrian Crown Jewels - The insignia of the Austrian hereditary homage Austrian Crown Jewels - The Empire of Austria Austrian Crown Jewels - The Habsburg-Lorraine Household Treasure Austrian Crown Jewels - The Holy Roman Empire Austrian Crown Jewels - The Burgundian Inheritance and the Order of the Golden Fleece Austrian Crown Jewels - The Ecclesiastical Treasury

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The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: Koroška) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. Carinthia duchy - Karantania and medieval dynasties. In the 7th century it was part of the Principality of Karantania, and was part of the empire of Charlemagne from 788 to 843, when it became part of the eastern Frankish kingdom of Louis the German. From 889 to 927 the Mark of Carinthia was pa ...

Including:

Carinthia duchy - Karantania and medieval dynasties Carinthia duchy - Habsburgs Carinthia duchy - 20th century Carinthia duchy - Dukes of Carinthia
Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties Carinthia duchy - Eppensteiner
Carinthia duchy - Sponheimer
Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties Carinthia duchy - Gorizia-Tyrol Carinthia duchy - Habsburg

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The various Habsburg possessions never really formed a single country - each province was governed according to its own particular customs. Until the mid 17th century, all of the provinces were not even necessarily ruled by the same person - junior members of the family often ruled portions of the Hereditary Lands as private apanages. Serious attempts at centralization began under Maria Theresa and especially her son Joseph II in the mid to late 18th century, but many of these were abandoned following large scale resistance to Joseph's more ...

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Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - Terminology, Habsburg Monarchy - Territories, Habsburg Monarchy - Characteristics, Habsburg Monarchy - Habsburg territories outside the Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - History, Habsburg Monarchy - Rulers of the Habsburg Monarchy 1526-1918

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Spain as we know it today had first become united after the 1469 marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, and their subsequent conquest of Granada. In 1504, Queen Isabella died, and although Ferdinand tried to maintain his position over Castile in the wake of her death, the Castilian Cortes Generales (the royal court of Spain) chose to crown Isabella's daughter Joanna queen. Her husband Philip was the Habsburg son of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy and simultaneously became king-consort Philip I of ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

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Although the territories ruled by the branch changed over the centuries, but the core always consisted of three blocs: The Hereditary Lands, which covered most of the modern states of Austria and Slovenia, as well as territories in northeastern Italy and (before 1797) southwestern Germany. To these were added in 1779 the Inn Quarter of Bavaria; and in 1803 the Bishoprics of Trent and Brixen. The Napoleonic Wars caused disruptions where many parts of the Hereditary lands were lost, but all these, along with the former Arch ...

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Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - Terminology, Habsburg Monarchy - Territories, Habsburg Monarchy - Characteristics, Habsburg Monarchy - Habsburg territories outside the Habsburg Monarchy, Habsburg Monarchy - History, Habsburg Monarchy - Rulers of the Habsburg Monarchy 1526-1918

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Supported by the French, the Catalonians, Neapolitans, and Portuguese rose up in revolt against the Spanish in the 1640s. With the Spanish Netherlands effectively lost after the Battle of Lens in 1648, the Spanish made peace with the Dutch and recognized the independent United Provinces in the Peace of Westphalia that ended both the Eighty Years' War and the Thirty Years' War. War with France continued for eleven more years. Although France suffered from a civil war from 1648-1652 (see Wars of the Fronde) the Spanish economy was so ex ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

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Austria began as a small duchy and was later elevated to an archduchy. The house of Babenberg and later the Habsburg dynasty were the dukes and later archdukes of this fiefdom. After the death of the last Babenberg duke, Frederick II in 1246, King Ottokar II of Bohemia took over for a while. He was, however, defeated by Rudolf of Habsburg in 1278, with the help of his sons Albert and Rudolf. Rudolf was eventually elected King of Germany. The enthronement ceremony of the new Archduke of Austria was not an actual coronation, but more a ceremon ...

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Austrian Crown Jewels, Austrian Crown Jewels - The insignia of the Austrian hereditary homage, Austrian Crown Jewels - The Empire of Austria, Austrian Crown Jewels - The Habsburg-Lorraine Household Treasure, Austrian Crown Jewels - The Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Crown Jewels - The Burgundian Inheritance and the Order of the Golden Fleece, Austrian Crown Jewels - The Ecclesiastical Treasury

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Olivares was a man sadly out of time; he realized that Spain needed to reform, and to reform it needed peace. The destruction of the United Provinces of the Netherlands was added to his list of necessities because behind every anti-Habsburg coalition there was Dutch money: Dutch bankers stood behind the East India merchants of Seville, and everywhere in the world Dutch entrepreneurship and colonists undermined Spanish and Portuguese hegemony. Spinola and the Spanish army were focused on th ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

Read more here: » Habsburg Spain: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643

The Spanish Inquisition was formally launched during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs, continued by their Habsburg successors, and only ended in the nineteenth century. Under Charles I the inquisition became a formal department in the Spanish government, hurtling out of control as the sixteenth century progressed. Charles also passed the Limpieza, a law that excluded those not of pure Old Christian, non-Jewish blood from public office. Although torture was common in Europe, the way the Inquisition was practiced encouraged corruption ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

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Like most of Europe, Spain had suffered from famine and plague during the 14th and 15th centuries. By 1500, Europe was beginning to emerge from these demographic disasters, and populations began to explode - Seville, which was home to 60,000 people in 1500 burgeoned to 150,000 by the end of the century. There was a substantial movement to the cities of Spain to capitalize on new opportunities as shipbuilders ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

Read more here: » Habsburg Spain: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700

Spain was not yet at peace, as the aggressive Henry II of France came to the throne in 1547 and immediately renewed the conflict with Spain. Charles' successor, Philip II, aggressively conducted the war against France, crushing a French army at the Battle of St. Quentin in Picardy in 1557 and defeating Henry again at the Battle of Gravelines the following year. The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, signed in 1559, permanently recognized Spanish claims in Italy. In the celebrations that followed the treaty, Henry was killed by a stray splinter from ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

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The time for rejoicing in Madrid was short-lived. In 1566, Calvinist-led riots in the Spanish Netherlands (roughly equal to modern-day Netherlands and Belgium, inherited by Philip from Charles and his Burgundian forebearers) prompted the Duke of Alva to conduct a military expedition to restore order. In 1568, William the Silent led a failed attempt to drive the tyrannical Alva from the Netherlands. This attempt is generally considered to signal the start of the Eighty Years' War that ended with the independence of the United Provinces. The S ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

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The Spanish received a massive influx of gold from the colonies in the New World as plunder when they were conquered, much of which Charles used to prosecute his wars in Europe. It was not until the 1540s that large deposits of silver were found in Potosí and Guanajuato and a steady source of income was obtained. The Spanish left mining to private enterprise but instituted a tax known as the "quinto real" whereby a fifth of the metal was collected by the government. The Spanish were quite successful in enforcing the tax throughout th ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

Read more here: » Habsburg Spain: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700

Charles’s victory at the Battle of Pavia, 1525, surprised many Italians and Germans and elicited concerns that Charles would endeavor to gain ever greater power. Pope Clement VII switched sides and now joined forces with France and prominent Italian states against the Habsburg Emperor, in the War of the League of Cognac. In 1527, due to Charles' inability to pay them sufficiently his armies in Northern Italy mutineed and sacked Rome itself for loot, forcing Clement, and succeeding popes, to be considerably more prudent in their dealings wi ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

Read more here: » Habsburg Spain: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556

Main article: Spanish Golden Age The Spanish Golden Age was a flourishing period of arts and letters in Spain which spanned roughly from 1550-1650. Some of the outstanding figures of the period were El Greco, Diego Velázquez, Miguel de Cervantes, and Pedro Calderón de la Barca. El Greco and Velázquez were both painters, the former most notably recognized for his religious depictions and the latter—now regarded as one of the most important figures in all of Spanish art—for his precise, realistic portraiture ...

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Habsburg Spain, Habsburg Spain - The beginnings of the empire 1504-1521, Habsburg Spain - An emperor and a king 1521-1556, Habsburg Spain - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556-1571, Habsburg Spain - The troubled king 1571-1598, Habsburg Spain - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Habsburg Spain - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Habsburg Spain - The last Spanish Habsburgs 1643-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish society and the Inquisition 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish bureaucracy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - The Spanish economy 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700, Habsburg Spain - See Also

Read more here: » Habsburg Spain: Encyclopedia II - Habsburg Spain - Spanish art and culture 1516-1700