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Gregorian Calendar | A Wisdom Archive on Gregorian Calendar | | Gregorian Calendar A selection of articles related to Gregorian Calendar | |
| We recommend this article: Gregorian Calendar - 1, and also this: Gregorian Calendar - 2. |
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Gregorian calendar
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Gregorian Calendar | | | |  Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - From Julian to GregorianThe Julian calendar was in general use in Europe from the times of the Roman Empire until 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII promulgated the Gregorian Calendar, which was soon adopted by most Catholic countries. The Protestant countries followed later, and the countries of Eastern Europe even later. Great Britain had Thursday 14 September 1752 follow Wednesday 2 September 1752. Sweden adopted the new style calendar in 1753, but also for a twelve-year period starting in 1700 used a modified Julian Calendar. Russia remained on the Julian calendar un ...
See also:Julian calendar, Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian, Julian calendar - Leap years error, Julian calendar - Naming of the months, Julian calendar - Lengths of the months, Julian calendar - Year numbering, Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian Read more here: » Julian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Gregorian calendar - Number of leap years starting on a given day of the week Because there are 97 leap years in every 400 in the Gregorian Calendar, there should, in each "cycle", be either 13 or 14 leap years starting on each day of the week. However, the effects of the "common" centennial years (1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, 2200 etc.) cause major alterations.
This is because the absence of an extra day in such years causes the following leap year (1704, 1804, 1904, 2104 etc.) to start on the same day of the week as the leap year twelve years before (1692, 1792, 1892, 2092 etc.). Similarly, the leap year ei ...
See also:Gregorian calendar, Gregorian calendar - History, Gregorian calendar - Invention, Gregorian calendar - Beginning of the year, Gregorian calendar - Adoption outside of Roman Catholic nations, Gregorian calendar - Proleptic Gregorian calendar, Gregorian calendar - Confusion with British vs. American usage, Gregorian calendar - Difference between Gregorian and Julian calendar dates, Gregorian calendar - Months of the year, Gregorian calendar - Accuracy, Gregorian calendar - Calendar seasonal error, Gregorian calendar - Numerical facts, Gregorian calendar - Number of leap years starting on a given day of the week, Gregorian calendar - Days of the week, Gregorian calendar - Reference Read more here: » Gregorian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Gregorian calendar - Number of leap years starting on a given day of the week |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - French Republican Calendar - Converting to Gregorian Calendar The calendar was abolished in the year XIV (1805). After this date, opinions seem to differ on the method by which the leap years would have determined if the calendar were still in force. There are several hypotheses used to convert dates to the Gregorian calendar, of which these three seem to be the most significant:
The leap years would continue to vary in order to ensure that each year the autumnal equinox falls on 1 Vendémiaire, as was the case from year I to year XIV.
The leap year would have jumped after year 15 ...
See also:French Republican Calendar, French Republican Calendar - Criticism and shortcomings of the calendar, French Republican Calendar - The months, French Republican Calendar - The ten days of the week, French Republican Calendar - The days of the year, French Republican Calendar - Autumn, French Republican Calendar - Winter, French Republican Calendar - Spring, French Republican Calendar - Summer, French Republican Calendar - Extra days, French Republican Calendar - Converting to Gregorian Calendar, French Republican Calendar - The French Republican calendar in fiction Read more here: » French Republican Calendar: Encyclopedia II - French Republican Calendar - Converting to Gregorian Calendar |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Year numbering - Gregorian calendar The average year length of the Gregorian calendar is almost exactly one tropical year. There are several systems of year numbering, and several different names for the most common system.
The numbering system devised by Dionysius Exiguus in AD 525 is still the most common, which is based on the year he assigned to the birth of Jesus, although it is now believed that Christ was born four to eight years earlier.
AD stands for Anno Domini, Latin for in the year of the Lord. The letters AD were originally plac ...
See also:Year numbering, Year numbering - Gregorian calendar, Year numbering - Julian calendar, Year numbering - External links, Year numbering - Proposed reformed calendars, Year numbering - Islamic calendar, Year numbering - Hebrew Calendar, Year numbering - French Revolutionary Calendar, Year numbering - Other calendars Read more here: » Year numbering: Encyclopedia II - Year numbering - Gregorian calendar |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian The ordinary year in the previous Roman calendar consisted of 12 months, for a total of 355 days. In addition, an intercalary month, the Mensis Intercalaris, was sometimes inserted between February and March. This intercalary month was formed by inserting 22 days before the last five days of February, creating a 27-day month. It began after a truncated February having 23 or 24 days, so that it had the effect of adding 22 or 23 days to t ...
See also:Julian calendar, Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian, Julian calendar - Leap years error, Julian calendar - Naming of the months, Julian calendar - Lengths of the months, Julian calendar - Year numbering, Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian Read more here: » Julian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Leap year - Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar, the current standard calendar in most of the world, adds a 29th day to February in all years evenly divisible by 4, except for century years (those ending in -00), which receive the extra day only if they are evenly divisible by 400. Thus 1996 was a leap year whereas 1999 was not, and 1600, 2000 and 2400 are leap years but 1700, 1800, 1900 and 2100 are not.
The reasoning behind this rule is as follows:
The Gregorian calendar is designed to keep the vernal equinox on or close to March 21, so that th ...
See also:Leap year, Leap year - Gregorian calendar, Leap year - Which day is the leap day?, Leap year - Julian calendar, Leap year - Revised Julian Calendar, Leap year - Chinese calendar, Leap year - Hebrew calendar, Leap year - Hindu Calendar, Leap year - Iranian calendar, Leap year - Long term leap year rules, Leap year - Marriage proposal, Leap year - Saint Patrick and the leap year, Leap year - Birthdays Read more here: » Leap year: Encyclopedia II - Leap year - Gregorian calendar |
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| | | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar While Eid ul-Fitr is always on the same day of the Islamic calendar, the date on the Gregorian calendar varies from year to year, much like Easter, due to differences between the two calendars, since the Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. Furthermore, the method used to determine when each Islamic month begins varies from country to country.
North American Eid
It is fitting for Muslims to individually and carefully look into the ...
See also:Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Fitr - History, Eid ul-Fitr - Timing, Eid ul-Fitr - Traditions and Practices, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Indonesia, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the USA and Canada, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Malaysia and Singapore, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in India Pakistan and Bangladesh, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Iran, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar Read more here: » Eid ul-Fitr: Encyclopedia II - Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar While Eid ul-Fitr is always on the same day of the Islamic calendar, the date on the Gregorian calendar varies from year to year, much like Easter, due to differences between the two calendars, since the Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. Furthermore, the method used to determine when each Islamic month begins varies from country to country.
North American Eid
It is fitting fo ...
See also:Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Fitr - History, Eid ul-Fitr - Timing, Eid ul-Fitr - Traditions and Practices, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Indonesia, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the USA and Canada, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Malaysia and Singapore, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in India Pakistan and Bangladesh, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in Iran, Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar Read more here: » Eid ul-Fitr: Encyclopedia II - Eid ul-Fitr - Eid ul-Fitr in the Gregorian Calendar |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years The Japanese calendars prior to 1873 were derived from the Chinese. Japan adopted the Chinese calendar in 645.
To convert a Japanese year to a Western year, find the first year of the nengō (=era name, see list below). When found, subtract 1, and add the number of the Japanese year. For example, the 23rd year of the Showa Era (Showa 23) would be 1948 ...
1926 − 1 = 1925, then 1925 + 23 = 1948.
645 大化 Taika
650 白雉 Hakuchi (era)
686 朱鳥 Shuchō
701 ...
See also:Japanese era name, Japanese era name - Overview, Japanese era name - Historical nengō, Japanese era name - Nengō in Modern Japan, Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years, Japanese era name - Unofficial nengō system 私年号 Read more here: » Japanese era name: Encyclopedia II - Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Leap years error Despite the new calendar being much simpler than the Roman calendar, the pontifices apparently misunderstood the algorithm. They added a leap day every three years, instead of every four years. According to Macrobius, the error was the result of counting inclusively, so that the four year cycle was considered as including both the first and fourth years. This resulted in too many leap days. Caesar Augustus remedied this discrepancy by restoring the correct frequency after 36 years of this mistake. He also ski ...
See also:Julian calendar, Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian, Julian calendar - Leap years error, Julian calendar - Naming of the months, Julian calendar - Lengths of the months, Julian calendar - Year numbering, Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian Read more here: » Julian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Leap years error |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Naming of the months Immediately after the Julian reform, the twelve months of the Roman calendar were named Ianuarius, Februarius, Martius, Aprilis, Maius, Iunius, Quintilis, Sextilis, September, October, November, and December, just as they were before the reform. Their lengths were set to their modern values. The old intercalary month, the Mensis Intercalaris, was abolished and replaced with a single intercalary day at the same point (i.e. five days before the end of Februarius). The first month of the year ...
See also:Julian calendar, Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian, Julian calendar - Leap years error, Julian calendar - Naming of the months, Julian calendar - Lengths of the months, Julian calendar - Year numbering, Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian Read more here: » Julian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Naming of the months |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Calendar - Other calendar types
Calendar - Complete and incomplete calendars.
Calendars may be either complete or incomplete. Complete calendars provide a way of naming each consecutive day, while incomplete calendars do not. The early Roman calendar, which had no way of designating the days of the winter months other than to lump them together as "winter", is an example of an incomplete calendar, while the Gregorian calendar is an example of a complete calendar.
Calendar - Pragmatic theoretical and mixed calendars.
C ...
See also:Calendar, Calendar - Calendar systems, Calendar - Solar calendars, Calendar - Lunar calendars, Calendar - Fiscal calendars, Calendar - Calendar subdivisions, Calendar - Other calendar types, Calendar - Complete and incomplete calendars, Calendar - Pragmatic theoretical and mixed calendars, Calendar - Uses, Calendar - Currently used calendars, Calendar - Sources Read more here: » Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Calendar - Other calendar types |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - History
Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings.
According to legend, the Chinese calendar developed during the first millennium BCE. It is said to have been invented by the first legendary ruler, Huang Di or the Yellow Emperor, who reigned, by tradition, c.2698-2599 BCE. The fourth legendary ruler, Emperor Yao, added the intercalary month. The 60-year "stem-branch" (干支 gānzhī) cycle (see "Calendar rules" below) was first used to mark years during the first century BCE. Tradition fixes the first year of the first c ...
See also:Chinese calendar, Chinese calendar - History, Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings, Chinese calendar - Early history, Chinese calendar - The Taichuli calendar, Chinese calendar - The true sun and moon, Chinese calendar - The Gregorian Reform and the 1929 time change, Chinese calendar - Calendar rules, Chinese calendar - Year markings, Chinese calendar - Regnal years, Chinese calendar - The stem-branch cycle, Chinese calendar - Solar year versus lunar year, Chinese calendar - Hours of the day, Chinese calendar - The Chinese zodiac, Chinese calendar - Solar term, Chinese calendar - Holidays, Chinese calendar - Purpose of the intercalary months, Chinese calendar - The relevance of the calendar today, Chinese calendar - Practical uses, Chinese calendar - Cultural issues Read more here: » Chinese calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - History |
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| | | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Calendar - Currently used calendars Calendars in widespread use today include the Gregorian calendar, which is the de facto international standard, and is used almost everywhere in the world for civil purposes, including in China and India (along with the Indian national calendar). The Hebrew calendar is the official calendar of Israel's government, but the Gregorian calendar is much more widely used in Israel's business and day-to-day affairs. The Persian calendar is used in Iran and Afghanistan. The Islamic calendar is used by Muslims the world over. The Chinese, Hebrew, Hindu, and Julian calendars ...
See also:Calendar, Calendar - Calendar systems, Calendar - Solar calendars, Calendar - Lunar calendars, Calendar - Fiscal calendars, Calendar - Calendar subdivisions, Calendar - Other calendar types, Calendar - Complete and incomplete calendars, Calendar - Pragmatic theoretical and mixed calendars, Calendar - Uses, Calendar - Currently used calendars, Calendar - Sources Read more here: » Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Calendar - Currently used calendars |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Year numbering - Hebrew Calendar The Jewish or Hebrew calendar is lunisolar. Its year length varies from 353 to 385 days. Its average year length is close to the average Gregorian year length.
AM stands for Anno Mundi meaning in the year of the world. It is placed before the number.
The Hebrew year begins in September or October of the Gregorian year, with AM 1 beginning in October, 3761 BC. Allowance must also be made for the absenc ...
See also:Year numbering, Year numbering - Gregorian calendar, Year numbering - Julian calendar, Year numbering - External links, Year numbering - Proposed reformed calendars, Year numbering - Islamic calendar, Year numbering - Hebrew Calendar, Year numbering - French Revolutionary Calendar, Year numbering - Other calendars Read more here: » Year numbering: Encyclopedia II - Year numbering - Hebrew Calendar |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Lengths of the months According to the 13th century scholar Sacrobosco, the original scheme for the months in the Julian Calendar was very regular, alternately long and short. From January through December, the month lengths according to Sacrobosco for the Roman Republican calendar were:
30, 29, 30, 29, 30, 29, 30, 29, 30, 29, 30, and 29, totaling 354 days.
He then thought that Julius Caesar added one day to every month except February, a total of 11 more days, giving the year 365 days. A leap day could now be added to the extra short February:
31, 2 ...
See also:Julian calendar, Julian calendar - From Roman to Julian, Julian calendar - Leap years error, Julian calendar - Naming of the months, Julian calendar - Lengths of the months, Julian calendar - Year numbering, Julian calendar - From Julian to Gregorian Read more here: » Julian calendar: Encyclopedia II - Julian calendar - Lengths of the months |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - History
Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings.
According to legend, the Chinese calendar developed during the first millennium BCE. It is said to have been invented by the first legendary ruler, Huang Di or the Yellow Emperor, who reigned, by tradition, c.2698-2599 BCE. The fourth legendary ruler, Emperor Yao, added the intercalary month. The 60-year "stem-branch" (干支 gānzhī) cycle (see below "Rules") was first used to mark years during the first century BCE. Tradition fixes the first year of the first cycle (the ...
See also:Chinese calendar, Chinese calendar - History, Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings, Chinese calendar - Early History, Chinese calendar - The Taichuli calendar, Chinese calendar - The True Sun and Moon, Chinese calendar - The Gregorian Reform and the 1929 time change, Chinese calendar - Calendar Rules, Chinese calendar - Year Markings, Chinese calendar - Regnal Years, Chinese calendar - The Stem-Branch Cycle, Chinese calendar - Solar Year versus Lunar Year, Chinese calendar - Hours of the Day, Chinese calendar - The Chinese Zodiac, Chinese calendar - Solar term, Chinese calendar - Holidays, Chinese calendar - Purpose of the Intercalary Months, Chinese calendar - The relevance of the calendar today, Chinese calendar - Practical uses, Chinese calendar - Cultural issues Read more here: » Chinese calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - History |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - Holidays The Chinese calendar year has nine main festivals, seven determined by the lunisolar calendar, and the other two derived from the solar agricultural calendar. (Note that the farmers actually used a solar calendar, and its twenty-four terms, to determine when to plant crops, due to the inaccuracy of the lunisolar traditional calendar. However, the traditional calendar has also come to be known as the agricultural calendar.)
The two special holidays are the Tomb-Sweeping Festival (Qingming Festival and the Winter Solstice Festival, fall ...
See also:Chinese calendar, Chinese calendar - History, Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings, Chinese calendar - Early History, Chinese calendar - The Taichuli calendar, Chinese calendar - The True Sun and Moon, Chinese calendar - The Gregorian Reform and the 1929 time change, Chinese calendar - Calendar Rules, Chinese calendar - Year Markings, Chinese calendar - Regnal Years, Chinese calendar - The Stem-Branch Cycle, Chinese calendar - Solar Year versus Lunar Year, Chinese calendar - Hours of the Day, Chinese calendar - The Chinese Zodiac, Chinese calendar - Solar term, Chinese calendar - Holidays, Chinese calendar - Purpose of the Intercalary Months, Chinese calendar - The relevance of the calendar today, Chinese calendar - Practical uses, Chinese calendar - Cultural issues Read more here: » Chinese calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - Holidays |
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| | | | | Gregorian Calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - Holidays The Chinese calendar year has nine main festivals, seven determined by the lunisolar calendar, and the other two derived from the solar agricultural calendar. (Note that the farmers actually used a solar calendar, and its twenty-four terms, to determine when to plant crops, due to the inaccuracy of the lunisolar traditional calendar. However, the traditional calendar has also come to be known as the agricultural calendar.)
The two special holidays are the Tomb-Sweeping Festival (Qingming Festival and the Winter Solstice Festival, fall ...
See also:Chinese calendar, Chinese calendar - History, Chinese calendar - Legendary beginnings, Chinese calendar - Early history, Chinese calendar - The Taichuli calendar, Chinese calendar - The true sun and moon, Chinese calendar - The Gregorian Reform and the 1929 time change, Chinese calendar - Calendar rules, Chinese calendar - Year markings, Chinese calendar - Regnal years, Chinese calendar - The stem-branch cycle, Chinese calendar - Solar year versus lunar year, Chinese calendar - Hours of the day, Chinese calendar - The Chinese zodiac, Chinese calendar - Solar term, Chinese calendar - Holidays, Chinese calendar - Purpose of the intercalary months, Chinese calendar - The relevance of the calendar today, Chinese calendar - Practical uses, Chinese calendar - Cultural issues Read more here: » Chinese calendar: Encyclopedia II - Chinese calendar - Holidays |
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