Bran is the hard outer layer of cereal grains, and consists of combined aleurone and pericarp. Along with germ, it is an integral part of whole grains, and is often produced as a by-product of milling in the production of refined grains. When bran is removed from grains, they lose a portion of their nutritional value. Bran is present in and may be milled from any cereal grain, including rice, wheat, maize, oats, and millet. Bran is particularly rich in dietary fiber, and contains significant quantitities of starch, protein, fat ...

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The ancient village of Grain, at one time, as shown on an 1801 map, called Grain, or St James in the Isle of Grain. Like others in the Hundred of Hoo, the village was called after the dedication of its parish church - cp Allhallows (= All Saints), Hoo St Mary, Hoo St Werburgh. Wallend is the other settlement, and is almost entirely industrial. ...

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Isle of Grain, Isle of Grain - The isle's history, Isle of Grain - The Isle today, Isle of Grain - Settlements, Isle of Grain - Port Victoria, Isle of Grain - Postscript

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GRAIN DOLLY: Figure usually woven at Imbolc from dried sheaves of grain collected at the previous harvest. The dolly is traditionally burned at Yule and a new one made the following Imbolc.

(See also: GRAIN DOLLY, Paganism, Pagan, Pagan Dictionary)

The following extract is taken from the Topographical Dictionary of Great Britain and Ireland by John Gorton, 1833: Graine, Isle of A parish in the Hundred of Hoo, lathe of Aylesford, opposite to Sheppey at the mouth of the Thames; it is about 3.5 miles long and 2.5 miles broad and is formed by Yantlet Creek running from the Medway to the Thames. The Creek was filled up, and had a road across it for 40 years until 1823, when the lord mayor ordered it to be again reopened, so as to give about eight feet nav ...

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Isle of Grain, Isle of Grain - The isle's history, Isle of Grain - The Isle today, Isle of Grain - Settlements, Isle of Grain - Port Victoria, Isle of Grain - Postscript

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The south of the Isle is an important industrial area. Until 1982 it was home to a major oil refinery. Construction of this facility for BP took from 1948 to 1952, and it suffered flooding almost immediately when the North Sea flood of 1953 breached the sea wall. The site is now part-occupied by Thamesport, the UK's third largest container port. The remainder is allocated for industrial and warehousing use under the Thames Gateway project. Next to the BP site is Grain power station, one of two on the Hoo Peninsula. (The second, Kingsn ...

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Isle of Grain, Isle of Grain - The isle's history, Isle of Grain - The Isle today, Isle of Grain - Settlements, Isle of Grain - Port Victoria, Isle of Grain - Postscript

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The project was not a success and the ferry service was withdrawn in 1901, and the pier fell into disuse. It was closed in 1951, and the 1.75 miles of line taken up. The site is now occupied by the industrial sprawl. From about 1912 a seaplane station was positioned at Grain by the Admiralty. From the beginning of World War I regular patrols were made along the Thames estuary from this station, as part of English channel defences. In 1914 Port Victoria became an Royal Navy air plane repair depot, adjacent to the station. Activities at ...

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Isle of Grain, Isle of Grain - The isle's history, Isle of Grain - The Isle today, Isle of Grain - Settlements, Isle of Grain - Port Victoria, Isle of Grain - Postscript

Read more here: » Isle of Grain: Encyclopedia II - Isle of Grain - Port Victoria

Grain Valley is located at 39°0'31" North, 94°12'27" West (39.008733, -94.207465)GR1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.5 km² (4.8 mi²). 12.4 km² (4.8 mi²) of it is land and 0.21% is water. ...

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Grain Valley Missouri, Grain Valley Missouri - Geography, Grain Valley Missouri - Demographics

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Although the term "crystallite" is more precise, the boundary between two crystallites is traditionally known as a grain boundary. The term "crystallite boundary" is rarely used, and the fact that powder grains are not attached to one another and so do not form boundaries helps to remove ambiguity in this case. Grain boundaries disrupt the motion of dislocations through a material; reducing crystallite size is therefore a common way to improve strength, often without any sacrifice in toughness. The high interfacial energy and r ...

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Crystallite, Crystallite - Grain boundaries

Read more here: » Crystallite: Encyclopedia II - Crystallite - Grain boundaries

Although the term "crystallite" is more precise, the boundary between two crystallites is traditionally known as a grain boundary. The term "crystallite boundary" is rarely used, and the fact that powder grains are not attached to one another, and so do not form boundaries, helps to remove ambiguity in this case. Grain boundaries disrupt the motion of dislocations through a material; reducing crystallite size is therefore a common way to improve strength, often without any sacrifice in toughness. The high interfacial energy and ...

See also:

Crystallite, Crystallite - Grain boundaries

Read more here: » Crystallite: Encyclopedia II - Crystallite - Grain boundaries

Whole grains are believed to be nutritionally superior to refined grains, richer in dietary fiber, antioxidants, protein (and in particular the amino acid lysine), dietary minerals (including magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, and selenium), and vitamins (including niacin, vitamin B6, and vitamin E). Manufacturers are sometimes required by law to fortify refined grain products to make up for the loss of vitamins and minerals. The greater amount of dietary fiber, as much as four times that found in refined grains, is likely the most imp ...

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Whole grain, Whole grain - Health benefits, Whole grain - Snooping out Whole Wheat from White Wheat

Read more here: » Whole grain: Encyclopedia II - Whole grain - Health benefits

Solid fuel grains are usually molded from a thermoset elastomer, fuel, oxidizer and catalyst. HTPB and PBAN are typical elastomers which double as fuel. Ammonium perchlorate is the most common oxidizer. The grain is cast in different forms for different purposes. Slow, long burning rockets have a cylinder shaped grain, burning from one end to the other. Most grains, however, are cast with a hollow cross section, burning from the inside out (and outside in, if not c ...

See also:

Solid rocket, Solid rocket - Basic Concepts, Solid rocket - Design, Solid rocket - Grain, Solid rocket - Casing, Solid rocket - Nozzle, Solid rocket - Performance, Solid rocket - Amateur rocketry, Solid rocket - Advanced research

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Solid fuel grains are usually molded from a thermoset elastomer (which doubles as fuel), additional fuel, oxidizer, and catalyst. HTPB (PBAN is also used) is commonly used for this purpose. Ammonium perchlorate is the most common oxidizer used today. The fuel is cast in different forms for different purposes. Slow, long burning rockets have a cylinder shaped grain, burning from one end to the other. Most grains, however, are cast with a hollow cross section, burning from the inside out (and outside in, if not c ...

See also:

Solid rocket, Solid rocket - Basic Concepts, Solid rocket - Design, Solid rocket - Grain, Solid rocket - Casing, Solid rocket - Nozzle, Solid rocket - Performance, Solid rocket - Amateur rocketry, Solid rocket - Advanced research

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Planing wood generally results in splintering just ahead of the cutting tool. Whether this splintering occurs harmlessly above the cutting surface or unattractively below the cutting surface is largely a matter of cutting with the grain or against the grain, respectively. The grain referred to in these phrases is the side grain of the piece of wood being worked. When planing with the grain, the inevitable splinters ahead of the cutting tool rise above the cutting surface, rather than below. These splinters are shaved off when the cutting to ...

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Plane tool, Plane tool - Parts of a Plane, Plane tool - Types of Planes, Plane tool - Planing With the Grain, Plane tool - Planing Against the Grain, Plane tool - Stanley Planes

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The seeds of the two annual species are the ones most commonly harvested as grain. Native Americans harvested wild rice by canoeing into a stand of plants, and bending and beating the ripe grain heads with the canoe paddles, so as to thresh the seeds into the canoe. The Ojibwa call this plant "manoomin" or "good berry". Some seeds fell to the muddy bottom to overwinter and germinate in the spring. Wild rice and maize are the only cereal crops native to North America. It is a favourite food o ...

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Wild rice, Wild rice - Use as a grain, Wild rice - Use as a vegetable, Wild rice - Ornamental use, Wild rice - Cultural use

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When planing against the grain, the inevitable splinters ahead of the cutting tool originate below the cutting surface, resulting in a jagged finish, called tearout. Note that these diagrams and phrases apply to planing the wide face (flat grain) and/or long side (side grain) of a typical piece of lumber, which is cut so its wide face is along the grain. In other words, as part of the tree, the wide face was parallel to the pith and thus along (or parallel to) the direction of the dominant cells, or grain. Because of the nature of wood, planing the end grain of the board is physicall ...

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Plane tool, Plane tool - Parts of a Plane, Plane tool - Types of Planes, Plane tool - Planing With the Grain, Plane tool - Planing Against the Grain, Plane tool - Stanley Planes

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How are the interstellar grains destroyed? There are some ultraviolet processes which lead to grain "explosions" (d'Hendecourt et al., 1985; Greenberg, 1976). Evans (1994) also describes evaporation, sputtering (when an atom or ion strikes the surface of a solid with enough momentum to eject atoms from it), and grain-grain collisions, which have a major influence on the grain size distribution, as well. These destructive processes happen in a variety of places. Some grains are destroyed in the supernovae/novae explosion (and then some ...

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Cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Introductory Material, Cosmic dust - Some bulk properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Radiative properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Dust grain formation, Cosmic dust - Dust grain destruction, Cosmic dust - Some dusty clouds in the universe

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The large grains start with the silicate particles forming in the atmospheres of cool stars, and carbon grains in the atmospheres of cool carbon stars. Stars, which have evolved off the main sequence, and which have entered the giant phase of their evolution, are a major source of dust grains in galaxies. How do astronomers know that that dust is formed in the envelopes of late-evolved stars? They know from their observations. An observed (infrared) 9.7 micrometre emission silicate signature for cool evolved (oxygen-rich giant) stars. ...

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Cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Introductory Material, Cosmic dust - Some bulk properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Radiative properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Dust grain formation, Cosmic dust - Dust grain destruction, Cosmic dust - Some dusty clouds in the universe

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Science of photography - Quantum efficiency. As is well known to communications engineers, light, like everything else, comes in particles. The energy of a particle (photon) is the frequency times Plank's constant. A fundamental property of any photographic method is how many particles it has to catch, on the average, for each one counted. This is a way of understanding the "grain" in film pictures. The chemistry limits the fraction of light particles that cause chemical change. To make the film sensitive, the silver compounds are in p ...

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Science of photography, Science of photography - Law of Reciprocity, Science of photography - Lenses, Science of photography - Focal length, Science of photography - Aperture, Science of photography - Bokeh and Depth of field, Science of photography - Motion blur, Science of photography - autofocus, Science of photography - workings of a typical manual camera system, Science of photography - Effects limiting resolution detail, Science of photography - Focus, Science of photography - Aberration, Science of photography - how electron overflow in CCDs can lead to blurring and fringing effects, Science of photography - Film Grain Resolution, Science of photography - Diffraction aperture limit, Science of photography - Contribution to noise grain, Science of photography - Quantum efficiency, Science of photography - Aliasing, Science of photography - Film, Science of photography - Developing, Science of photography - Stop-Bath & Fixer, Science of photography - Polaroids

Read more here: » Science of photography: Encyclopedia II - Science of photography - Contribution to noise grain

Cosmic dust is dust grains and agreggates of dust grains. These particles are irregularly-shaped with porosity ranging from fluffy to compact. The composition, size, and other properties depends on where the dust is found. General diffuse interstellar medium dust should be distinguished from dust grains in dense clouds, which should be distinguished from planetary rings dust, which should be distinguished from circumstellar dust, and so on. For example, grains in dense clouds have acquired a mantle of ice and the average dimens ...

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Cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Introductory Material, Cosmic dust - Some bulk properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Radiative properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Dust grain formation, Cosmic dust - Dust grain destruction, Cosmic dust - Some dusty clouds in the universe

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A dust particle interacts with electromagnetic radiation in a way that depends on its cross section, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation, and on the nature of the grain: its refractive index, size, etc. The radiation process for an individual grain is called its emissivity, dependent on the grain's efficiency factor. Furthermore, we have to specify whether the emissivity process is extinction, scattering, or absorption. In the radiation emission curves, several important signatures id ...

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Cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Introductory Material, Cosmic dust - Some bulk properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Radiative properties of cosmic dust, Cosmic dust - Dust grain formation, Cosmic dust - Dust grain destruction, Cosmic dust - Some dusty clouds in the universe

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In parallel computing, granularity means the amount of computation in relation to communication, i.e., the ratio of computation to the amount of communication. "Fine-grain parallelism" means individual tasks are relatively small in terms of code size and execution time, "coarse grain" is the opposite. The smaller the granularity, the greater the potential for parallelism and hence speed-up but the greater the overheads of synchronisation and communication. (The ...

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Granularity, Granularity - In physics, Granularity - In computing, Granularity - In credit portfolio risk management

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