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goods | A Wisdom Archive on goods | | goods A selection of articles related to goods | |
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goods
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO goods | | | | | | | | | | |  goods: Encyclopedia II - FairTax - Effective household tax burdenIn general, the effective tax rate for any household is variable due to the fixed monthly entitlement checks. The checks have the greatest impact at low spending levels, where they can lower a household's effective rate to zero or a negative rate. At higher spending levels, the entitlement has less impact, and a household's effective tax rate approaches 23% of total spending.[7]See also:FairTax, FairTax - Legislative history, FairTax - The FairTax tax rate and tax base, FairTax - Revenue-neutral rate studies, FairTax - Effective household tax burden, FairTax - Monthly entitlement checks, FairTax - FairTax and status quo tax burden comparison, FairTax - Predicted benefits, FairTax - Tax burden visibility, FairTax - Effect on tax compliance costs, FairTax - Promotion of economic growth, FairTax - Effect on international business locality, FairTax - Effects on Tax Code Compliance, FairTax - Tax compliance, FairTax - Black markets, FairTax - Effects on distribution of tax burden, FairTax - Transition effects, FairTax - Repeal of 16th Amendment, FairTax - Effect on savers, FairTax - Changes in the retail economy, FairTax - Implementation, FairTax - Supporting theories of effect, FairTax - Other indirect effects, FairTax - Home mortgage interest deduction, FairTax - Charitable giving, FairTax - Housing prices, FairTax - State and local government debt, FairTax - Real interest rates, FairTax - Financial markets, FairTax - Effect on law enforcement and crime Read more here: » FairTax: Encyclopedia II - FairTax - Effective household tax burden |
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| | | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Fair trade - Fair trade and politics The Federation of European Green Parties is, unlike most of its counterparts outside Europe, strongly represented in the European Parliament and is firmly in the fair trade camp. Caroline Lucas, a British Green MEP, argues that
" ... many developing countries called for a study to examine the effects of tariff reductions on local industries and jobs, before being required to open their markets further. Local industries, they say, have already collapsed in most African and least developed countries as a result of previous tariff cuts.. ...
See also:Fair trade, Fair trade - Overview, Fair trade - Fairtrade labelling, Fair trade - Fair trade and politics, Fair trade - Fair trade versus free trade, Fair trade - Relevant articles Read more here: » Fair trade: Encyclopedia II - Fair trade - Fair trade and politics |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Iceland - Statistics GDP: purchasing power parity - $8.678 billion (8.678 G$) (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 6.0% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $30,900 (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 14% (includes fishing 12%)
industry: 21%
services: 65% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.1% (200 ...
See also:Economy of Iceland, Economy of Iceland - Imports and exports, Economy of Iceland - Inflation, Economy of Iceland - Resources and energy, Economy of Iceland - Transportation, Economy of Iceland - Economic agreements and policies, Economy of Iceland - Banks, Economy of Iceland - Stock Market, Economy of Iceland - Other Financial Markets, Economy of Iceland - Growth, Economy of Iceland - Statistics Read more here: » Economy of Iceland: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Iceland - Statistics |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Germany - History The state now known as Germany was unified as a modern nation-state only in 1871, when the German Empire, dominated by the Kingdom of Prussia, was forged. This was the second German Reich, usually translated as "empire", but also meaning "kingdom", "domain" or "realm." (Königreich means "kingdom", and Reich- as in Reichskanzler was analogous to Royal- or calling the State the Crown in Commonwealth countries. Today the analogous entity is called der Bund, as in Bundeskanzler (Federal Chancellor).)
Germany - Early history of the Ge ...
See also:Germany, Germany - History, Germany - Early history of the Germanic tribes 100 BC-300 AD, Germany - Migration Period and Franks 300-843, Germany - The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation 843–1806, Germany - Restoration and revolution 1814–1871, Germany - German Empire 1871–1918, Germany - Weimar Republic 1919–1933, Germany - Third Reich 1933–1945, Germany - Division and reunification 1945–1990, Germany - Politics, Germany - Legal system, Germany - Foreign Relations, Germany - Armed Forces, Germany - Energy policy, Germany - Geography, Germany - States Länder, Germany - Territory, Germany - Climate, Germany - Economy, Germany - Exports, Germany - Imports, Germany - Agriculture, Germany - Industrial sector, Germany - Service sector, Germany - Natural resources, Germany - Society, Germany - Demographics, Germany - Religion, Germany - Education, Germany - Social issues, Germany - Culture, Germany - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Germany: Encyclopedia II - Germany - History |
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| | | | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - History of technology - By period and geography
History of technology - Early technology.
Fire used since the paleolithic, possibly by homo erectus as early as 800,000 years ago
Clothing possibly 100,000 years ago.
Stone tools, used by homo floresiensis, possibly 100,000 years ago.
Pottery ca. 11th millennium BC
Bow, sling ca. 9th millennium BC
Microliths ca. 9th millennium BC
Copper ca. 8000 BC
Agriculture and Plough ca. 8000 BC
Wheel ca. 4000 BC
Gnomon ca. 4000 BC
See also:History of technology, History of technology - By period and geography, History of technology - Early technology, History of technology - Prehistoric times, History of technology - Ancient Egypt, History of technology - Tribal Europe, History of technology - Ancient Rome, History of technology - Ancient India, History of technology - Ancient China, History of technology - Medieval China, History of technology - Inca, History of technology - Maya, History of technology - European, History of technology - Measuring technological progress, History of technology - By type of technology, History of technology - History of biotechnology, History of technology - History of civil engineering, History of technology - History of communication, History of technology - History of computing, History of technology - History of consumer technology, History of technology - History of electrical engineering, History of technology - History of energy technology, History of technology - History of materials science, History of technology - History of medicine, History of technology - History of military technology, History of technology - History of nuclear technology, History of technology - History of scientific technology, History of technology - History of timekeeping, History of technology - History of transport technology, History of technology - Related history, History of technology - Related disciplines, History of technology - Related subjects, History of technology - Future of science and technology speculative, History of technology - People, History of technology - Historiography of science and technology, History of technology - Historians of science and technology, History of technology - Journals and periodicals in the history of science and technology, History of technology - Research institutes Read more here: » History of technology: Encyclopedia II - History of technology - By period and geography |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Credit card - How they work A user is issued a credit card after an account has been approved by the credit provider (often a general bank, but sometimes a captive bank created to issue a particular brand of credit card, such as American Express Centurion Bank), with which they will be able to make purchases from merchants accepting that credit card up to a preestablished credit limit.
When a purchase is made, the credit card user agrees to pay the card issuer. Originally the user would indicate his/her consent to pay, by signing a receipt with a record of the c ...
See also:Credit card, Credit card - How they work, Credit card - The merchant's side, Credit card - Secured credit cards, Credit card - Features, Credit card - Security, Credit card - Profits and losses, Credit card - History, Credit card - Controversy, Credit card - Credit card numbering, Credit card - Credit cards in ATMs, Credit card - Credit card networks, Credit card - Collectible credit cards Read more here: » Credit card: Encyclopedia II - Credit card - How they work |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Measures of national income and output - Gross National Product Gross National Product (GNP) is the total value of final goods and services produced in a year by a country's nationals (including profits from capital held abroad).
Final goods are goods that are ultimately consumed rather than used in the production of another good. For example, a car sold to a consumer is a final good; the components such as tires sold to the car manufacturer are not; they are intermediate goods used to make the final goods. The same tires, if sold to a consumer, would be a final goods. Only fi ...
See also:Measures of national income and output, Measures of national income and output - Gross National Product, Measures of national income and output - Gross Domestic Product, Measures of national income and output - Gross Value Added, Measures of national income and output - Depreciation and Net National Product, Measures of national income and output - Real and nominal values, Measures of national income and output - National income and welfare, Measures of national income and output - National accounting formulas expenditure approach, Measures of national income and output - United States income and output Read more here: » Measures of national income and output: Encyclopedia II - Measures of national income and output - Gross National Product |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Factory - History of the factory The Venice Arsenal provides the first example of a factory in the modern sense of the word. Founded in 1104 in Venice, Italy, several hundred years before the Industrial Revolution, it mass-produced ships on assembly lines using manufactured parts. The Venice Arsenal apparently produced nearly one ship every day and, at its height, employed 16,000 people.
Apart from that, many historians regard Matthew Boulton's Soho Manufactory (established in 1761 in Birmingham) as the first modern factory. (Other claims might be made for John Lombe ...
See also:Factory, Factory - Word usage, Factory - History of the factory, Factory - Siting the factory, Factory - Governing the factory Read more here: » Factory: Encyclopedia II - Factory - History of the factory |
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| | | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Free trade - Alternatives to free trade
Free trade - Tobin Tax.
Main article: Tobin Tax.
A Tobin tax is the suggested tax on all trade of currency across borders. This is supposed to put a penalty on short-term speculation in currencies
Free trade - Fair trade.
Main article: Fair trade.
The fair trade movement, also known as the trade justice movement, promotes international labour, environment and social standards for the production of traded goods and services. The movement focuses in particular on exp ...
See also:Free trade, Free trade - History of free trade, Free trade - Intellectual property and free trade, Free trade - Free trade controversy, Free trade - Alternatives to free trade, Free trade - Tobin Tax, Free trade - Fair trade, Free trade - Balanced trade, Free trade - International barter, Free trade - Increase the credit risk to international loans, Free trade - International price floors, Free trade - Separating world prices from domestic prices, Free trade - Regional trading blocs, Free trade - Footnotes Read more here: » Free trade: Encyclopedia II - Free trade - Alternatives to free trade |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Capitalism - Characteristics of capitalist economies A set of broad characteristics are generally agreed on by both advocates and critics of capitalism. These are a private sector, private property, free enterprise, profit, unequal distribution of wealth, competition, self-organization (or catallaxy), the existence of markets (including the labor market) and the pursuit of self-interest.
An economy with a large amount of intervention - which may include state ownership of some of the means of production - in combination with some free market characteristics is sometimes referred ...
See also:Capitalism, Capitalism - Etymology, Capitalism - Capitalist theory, Capitalism - Contrasts with capitalism, Capitalism - History of capitalism, Capitalism - Capitalism as a theory, Capitalism - Capitalism as a practice, Capitalism - Characteristics of capitalist economies, Capitalism - Private ownership of the means of production, Capitalism - Free market, Capitalism - Profit, Capitalism - Self interest, Capitalism - Private enterprise, Capitalism - Economic growth, Capitalism - Economic mobility, Capitalism - Self-organization, Capitalism - Which economies are capitalist?, Capitalism - Criticisms of capitalism, Capitalism - Unequal distribution of wealth and income, Capitalism - Employment/unemployment, Capitalism - Marxist critique of capitalism, Capitalism - Capitalism in decline or on the rise?, Capitalism - Sustainability, Capitalism - Human rights violations imperialism and democracy, Capitalism - Other approaches, Capitalism - Capitalism in political ideologies, Capitalism - Indices of economic freedom, Capitalism - Notes Read more here: » Capitalism: Encyclopedia II - Capitalism - Characteristics of capitalist economies |
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| | | | | goods: Encyclopedia II - Scrip - Modern use Scrip is now issued in the form of gift certificates, or gift cards. The two are essentially the same, except that the cards automate the checkout and accounting processes. Cards usually have a barcode or magnetic strip, which can be processed through a standard electronic credit card machine.
Cards do not have any value until they are sold, at which time the cashier enters the amount which the customer wishes to put on the card. This number is rarely stored on the card, but is instead noted in the store's database. The ...
See also:Scrip, Scrip - History, Scrip - Modern use, Scrip - Tax exemption, Scrip - Criticism, Scrip - Collections and study Read more here: » Scrip: Encyclopedia II - Scrip - Modern use |
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