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Giuseppe Garibaldi | A Wisdom Archive on Giuseppe Garibaldi | | Giuseppe Garibaldi A selection of articles related to Giuseppe Garibaldi | |
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Giuseppe Garibaldi | | | |  Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Austro-Sardinian War - The War
Austro-Sardinian War - Background.
The Sardinian army, allied to France, wanted to conquer the northern Italy Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, then under Austrian rule.
In 1859, emperor Napoleon III and Camillo Benso di Cavour, the prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, signed a secret treaty of alliance against Austria: France would help Sardinia to fight against Austria if attacked, and Sardinia would then give Nice and Sabaudia to France in return. This secret alliance served both countries: it helped w ...
See also:Austro-Sardinian War, Austro-Sardinian War - The War, Austro-Sardinian War - Background, Austro-Sardinian War - Forces, Austro-Sardinian War - The operations, Austro-Sardinian War - The Peace, Austro-Sardinian War - Timeline Read more here: » Austro-Sardinian War: Encyclopedia II - Austro-Sardinian War - The War |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Babylon 5 - Themes Through its ongoing story arc, Babylon 5 found ways to portray themes relevant to modern social issues.
Babylon 5 - Authoritarianism vs. chaos; light vs. dark vs. gray.
The central theme in Babylon 5 is the conflict between order and chaos, and the people caught in between.
The Vorlons and the Earth Alliance Government (as it had been under President Clark) both represent oppressive, authoritarian philosophies: you will do what we tell you to, because we tell you to do it. Who are you? Are you willing to sacrifice yourself for a greater cause, or are you mere ...
See also:Babylon 5, Babylon 5 - Concept, Babylon 5 - Cast and primary characters, Babylon 5 - Regular cast, Babylon 5 - Recurring guest characters, Babylon 5 - Babylon stations, Babylon 5 - Ethnicity and language of characters, Babylon 5 - Usage of English, Babylon 5 - Civilizations, Babylon 5 - Themes, Babylon 5 - Authoritarianism vs. chaos; light vs. dark vs. gray, Babylon 5 - War and peace, Babylon 5 - Love and true seekers, Babylon 5 - Fighting the system, Babylon 5 - Addiction, Babylon 5 - The Five Questions, Babylon 5 - Music and scoring, Babylon 5 - The episodes, Babylon 5 - Other made-for-TV movies, Babylon 5 - Spin-offs, Babylon 5 - Crusade, Babylon 5 - Legend of the Rangers, Babylon 5 - The Memory of Shadows, Babylon 5 - Novels novelizations short stories and comic books, Babylon 5 - Novels, Babylon 5 - Novelizations, Babylon 5 - Short Stories, Babylon 5 - Comic Books, Babylon 5 - DVDs, Babylon 5 - Mastering problems, Babylon 5 - Video games, Babylon 5 - Other merchandise, Babylon 5 - Trivia Read more here: » Babylon 5: Encyclopedia II - Babylon 5 - Themes |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - 1859 - Events
1859 - January.
January 2 - Erastus Beadle publishes The Dime Book of Practical Etiquette.
January 24 - Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza under the name Romania (see December 1, 1918 for the final unification, Transylvania and other regions were still missing at this time).
1859 - February.
February 14 - Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.
February 27 - US congressman Dan Sickles shoots Philip Barton Key for having ...
See also:1859, 1859 - Events, 1859 - January, 1859 - February, 1859 - March, 1859 - April, 1859 - May, 1859 - June, 1859 - July, 1859 - August, 1859 - September, 1859 - October, 1859 - November, 1859 - December, 1859 - Unknown Dates, 1859 - Births, 1859 - January-June, 1859 - July-December, 1859 - Deaths Read more here: » 1859: Encyclopedia II - 1859 - Events |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - German Empire - Bismarck's founding of the Empire Under the disguise of idealism giving way to realism, German nationalism rapidly shifted from its liberal and democratic character in 1848 to Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck's authoritarian Realpolitik. Bismarck wanted unification to achieve his aim of a conservative, Prussian-dominated German state. He accomplished this through three military successes:
He first allied with Austria in order to defeat Denmark in a short war (the Second war of Schleswig) fought during 1864, thus acquiring Schleswig-Holstein. ...
See also:German Empire, German Empire - Bismarck's founding of the Empire, German Empire - List of Constituent States of the Empire, German Empire - Conservative modernization, German Empire - Militarism, German Empire - After Bismarck, German Empire - Legacy, German Empire - Reference Read more here: » German Empire: Encyclopedia II - German Empire - Bismarck's founding of the Empire |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - 1860 - Events
1860 - January.
January 2 - The discovery of the planet Vulcan was announced at a meeting of the Académie des Sciences in Paris.
1860 - March.
March 6 - Abraham Lincoln speaks against slavery in New Haven, Connecticut
1860 - April.
April 3 - The Pony Express begins its first run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California.
April 4 – ...
See also:1860, 1860 - Events, 1860 - January, 1860 - March, 1860 - April, 1860 - May, 1860 - June, 1860 - July, 1860 - August, 1860 - September, 1860 - October, 1860 - November, 1860 - December, 1860 - Unknown Dates, 1860 - Births, 1860 - January-April, 1860 - May-August, 1860 - September-December, 1860 - Deaths Read more here: » 1860: Encyclopedia II - 1860 - Events |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - Origins The Roman Catholic Church spent its first three centuries as an outlawed organization and was thus unable to hold or transfer property. After the ban was lifted by the Emperor Constantine I, the church's private property grew quickly through the donations of the pious and the wealthy; the Lateran Palace was the first significant donation, a gift of Constantine himself. Other donations soon followed, mainly in mainland Italy but also in the provinces. However, the Church held all of these lands as a private landowner, not as a sovereign entit ...
See also:Papal States, Papal States - Origins, Papal States - The Donation of Pippin and the Holy Roman Empire, Papal States - The Renaissance, Papal States - The era of the French Revolution and Napoleon, Papal States - Italian nationalism and the end of the Papal States, Papal States - Institutions Read more here: » Papal States: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - Origins |
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| | | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Clothing terminology - Persistence of clothing terminology Despite the constant introduction of new terms by fashion designers, clothing manufacturers and marketers, the names for several basic garment classes in English are very stable over time. Gown, shirt/skirt, frock, and coat are all attested back to the early medieval period.
Gown (from medieval Latin gunna) was a basic clothing term for hundreds of years, referring to a garment that hangs from the shoulders. In medieval and renaissance England gown referred to a loose outer garment worn ...
See also:Clothing terminology, Clothing terminology - Categories of clothing terminology, Clothing terminology - Persistence of clothing terminology, Clothing terminology - Sources of new terminology, Clothing terminology - Personal names, Clothing terminology - Place names, Clothing terminology - Short forms, Clothing terminology - External references Read more here: » Clothing terminology: Encyclopedia II - Clothing terminology - Persistence of clothing terminology |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - 1867 - Events
1867 - January—April.
January 1 - The John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio and Covington, Kentucky, becoming the longest suspension bridge in the world
January 8 - African-American men granted the right to vote in the District of Columbia
January 11 - Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president again
January 30 - Emperor Komei of Japan dies. Crown Prince Mutsuhito is expected to become the next Emperor of Japan.
January 31 – Maronite national ...
See also:1867, 1867 - Events, 1867 - January—April, 1867 - May—August, 1867 - September—December, 1867 - Month/day unknown, 1867 - Births, 1867 - Deaths Read more here: » 1867: Encyclopedia II - 1867 - Events |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Genoa - History
Genoa - Ancient history.
Genoa's history goes back to ancient times. A city cemetery, dating from the 6th and 5th centuries B.C., testifies to the occupation of the site by the Greeks, but the fine harbor probably was in use much earlier, perhaps by the Etruscans. Destroyed by the Carthaginians in 209 BC, the town was rebuilt by Rome, under which the city enjoyed municipal rights and exported skins, wood, and honey. Although remaining faithful to Rome while other Ligurian and Celtic peoples of northern Italy stoo ...
See also:Genoa, Genoa - History, Genoa - Ancient history, Genoa - Middle Ages & Renaissance, Genoa - Later history, Genoa - Demographics, Genoa - Miscellaneous Read more here: » Genoa: Encyclopedia II - Genoa - History |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy - The birth of Italy Italy became a nation-state belatedly — on March 17, 1861, when most of the states of the peninsula were united under king Victor Emmanuel II of the Savoy dynasty, which ruled over Piedmont. The architects of Italian unification were Count Camillo Benso di Cavour, the Chief Minister of Victor Emmanuel, and Giuseppe Garibaldi, a general and national hero. Rome itself remained for a decade under the Papacy, and became part of the Kingdom of Italy only on September 20, 1870, the final date of Italian unification. The Vatican is now an ind ...
See also:History of Italy, History of Italy - Origins of the name, History of Italy - The birth of Italy Read more here: » History of Italy: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy - The birth of Italy |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Babylon 5 - Novels, novelizations, short stories, and comic books Unique to the Babylon 5 universe among virtually all other shared media universes is the sanctioned canonicity of many of its offshoot novels and comic book stories; nearly all of the B5 novels and novelizations to date having been based on outlines written directly by J. Michael Straczynski. The later Del Rey books are considered to be more canonical than some of the earlier Dell ones, although -- per Straczynski's own remarks -- canonical elements exist in every single book published to date; Straczynski's deeper involvement in the novel-publishing progr ...
See also:Babylon 5, Babylon 5 - Concept, Babylon 5 - Cast and primary characters, Babylon 5 - Regular cast, Babylon 5 - Recurring guest characters, Babylon 5 - Babylon stations, Babylon 5 - Ethnicity and language of characters, Babylon 5 - Usage of English, Babylon 5 - Civilizations, Babylon 5 - Themes, Babylon 5 - Authoritarianism vs. chaos; light vs. dark vs. gray, Babylon 5 - War and peace, Babylon 5 - Love and true seekers, Babylon 5 - Fighting the system, Babylon 5 - Addiction, Babylon 5 - The Five Questions, Babylon 5 - Music and scoring, Babylon 5 - The episodes, Babylon 5 - Other made-for-TV movies, Babylon 5 - Spin-offs, Babylon 5 - Crusade, Babylon 5 - Legend of the Rangers, Babylon 5 - The Memory of Shadows, Babylon 5 - Novels, novelizations, short stories, and comic books, Babylon 5 - Novels, Babylon 5 - Novelizations, Babylon 5 - Short Stories, Babylon 5 - Comic Books, Babylon 5 - DVDs, Babylon 5 - Mastering problems, Babylon 5 - Video games, Babylon 5 - Other merchandise, Babylon 5 - Trivia Read more here: » Babylon 5: Encyclopedia II - Babylon 5 - Novels, novelizations, short stories, and comic books |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1867: Republicans take the capital The Republicans occupied the rest of the states of Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí and Guanajuato in January. The French evacuated the capital on 5 February.
On 13 February 1867, Maximilian withdrew to Querétaro. The Republicans began a siege of the city on 9 March, and Mexico City on 12 April. An imperial sortie from Querétaro failed on 27 April.
On 11 May Maximilian resolved to attempt an escape through the enemy lines. He was, however, intercepted before he could carry out this plan on 15 May and, following a court-martial, wa ...
See also:French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico - 1862: Arrival of the French, French intervention in Mexico - 1863: French take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - 1864: Maximilian arrives, French intervention in Mexico - 1865: Beginning of republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - U.S. reaction, French intervention in Mexico - 1866: French withdrawal and republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - 1867: Republicans take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - Reference Read more here: » French intervention in Mexico: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1867: Republicans take the capital |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - Italian nationalism and the end of the Papal States Italian nationalism had been stoked during the Napoleonic period but dashed by the settlement of the Congress of Vienna, which left Italy divided and largely under Austrian domination. In 1848, nationalist and liberal revolutions began to break out across Europe; in 1849, a Roman Republic was declared and the pope fled the city. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, recently elected president of the newly declared French Second Republic, saw an opportunity to assuage conservative Catholic opinion in France, and in cooperation with Austria sent troops to ...
See also:Papal States, Papal States - Origins, Papal States - The Donation of Pippin and the Holy Roman Empire, Papal States - The Renaissance, Papal States - The era of the French Revolution and Napoleon, Papal States - Italian nationalism and the end of the Papal States, Papal States - Institutions Read more here: » Papal States: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - Italian nationalism and the end of the Papal States |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Sicily - Geography This region faces Calabria over the Strait of Messina, and that's the only conterminous region. The volcano Etna, is situated close to Catania. Etna is 3,320 m (10,900 ft) high, making it the tallest volcano in Europe. It is also one of the world's most active volcanos.
The Aeolian islands to the north are administratively a part of Sicily, as are the Aegadian Islands and Pantelleria Island to the west, Ustica Island to the north-west, and the ...
See also:Sicily, Sicily - Geography, Sicily - Transport, Sicily - Towns and Cities, Sicily - Flag, Sicily - Arts, Sicily - History, Sicily - Sicilian people, Sicily - Sicilian language, Sicily - List of Sicilians, Sicily - List of Sicilian-Americans, Sicily - List of part-Sicilians, Sicily - Footnotes Read more here: » Sicily: Encyclopedia II - Sicily - Geography |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - The era of the French Revolution and Napoleon The French Revolution proved as disastrous for the temporal territories of the Papacy as it was for the Catholic Church in general. In 1791 the Comtat Venaissin and Avignon were annexed by France. Later, with the French invasion of Italy in 1796, the Legations were seized and became part of the Cisalpine Republic. Two years later, the Papal States as a whole were invaded by French forces, who declared a Roman Republic. Pope Pius VI died in exile in France in 1799. The Papal States were restored in June of 1800, and Pope Pius VII returned, bu ...
See also:Papal States, Papal States - Origins, Papal States - The Donation of Pippin and the Holy Roman Empire, Papal States - The Renaissance, Papal States - The era of the French Revolution and Napoleon, Papal States - Italian nationalism and the end of the Papal States, Papal States - Institutions Read more here: » Papal States: Encyclopedia II - Papal States - The era of the French Revolution and Napoleon |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Taganrog - Views of Taganrog The Palace of Alexander I of Russia in Taganrog, where the Russian Emperor died in 1825, as appears on a 19th century postcard.
The Assumption Cathedral in Taganrog, Russia (1818-1938), where Anton Chekhov was christened on February 10,1860.
The Peter the Great Monument in the city of Taganrog (sculptor Mark Antokolski) as appears on a 19th century postcard.
The Peter the Great Monument in the city of Taganrog (sculptor Mark Antokolski) as appears on a 19th century postcard.
Taganrog City Theater (1866), founded in 1827 and named after Anton Chekho ...
See also:Taganrog, Taganrog - General Information, Taganrog - History of Taganrog, Taganrog - Views of Taganrog, Taganrog - Taganrog in literature, Taganrog - Notable people, Taganrog - Economy, Taganrog - Sister Cities Read more here: » Taganrog: Encyclopedia II - Taganrog - Views of Taganrog |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1864: Maximilian arrives The French under Bazaine occupied Guadalajara on 7 January 1864, and troops under Douay occupied Zacatecas on 6 February. Further French victories continued with the fall of Acapulco on 3 June, occupation of Durango on 3 July, and the defeat of republicans in the states of Sinaloa and Jalisco in November.
Maximilian landed at Veracruz on 28 May (or possibly 29 May) 1864 in the SMS Novarra and accepted the crown formally on 10 April, signing the Miramar Convention. He was enthroned Maximilian as Emperor of Mexico. Maximilian of ...
See also:French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico - 1862: Arrival of the French, French intervention in Mexico - 1863: French take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - 1864: Maximilian arrives, French intervention in Mexico - 1865: Beginning of republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - U.S. reaction, French intervention in Mexico - 1866: French withdrawal and republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - 1867: Republicans take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - Reference Read more here: » French intervention in Mexico: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1864: Maximilian arrives |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1865: Beginning of republican victories The French continue with victories in 1865, with Bazaine capturing Oaxaca on 9 February (defeating the city's defenders under General Porfirio Díaz). The French fleet lands soldiers who capture Guaymas on 29 March. However on 11 April, republicans defeat Imperial forces at Tacámbaro in Michoacán. In April and May the republicans have many forces in the states of Sinaloa and Chihuahua. Most towns along the Rio Grande are also occupied by republic ...
See also:French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico - 1862: Arrival of the French, French intervention in Mexico - 1863: French take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - 1864: Maximilian arrives, French intervention in Mexico - 1865: Beginning of republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - U.S. reaction, French intervention in Mexico - 1866: French withdrawal and republican victories, French intervention in Mexico - 1867: Republicans take the capital, French intervention in Mexico - Reference Read more here: » French intervention in Mexico: Encyclopedia II - French intervention in Mexico - 1865: Beginning of republican victories |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The struggle for independence Bulgarian nationalism emerged in the early 19th century under the influence of western ideas such as liberalism and nationalism, which trickled into the country after the French revolution, mostly via Greece. The Greek revolt against the Ottomans which began in 1821 (see History of Ottoman Greece), also influenced the small Bulgarian educated class. But Greek influence was limited by the general Bulgarian resentment of Greek control of the Bulgarian Church, and it was the struggle to revive an independent Bulgarian Church which first roused ...
See also:History of Ottoman Bulgaria, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Early centuries of Ottoman rule, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Organisation of Ottoman Bulgaria, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Bulgarian Orthodox Church, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - First revolts and the Great Powers, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The struggle for independence, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The April uprising, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Liberation, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Effect on the Turks Read more here: » History of Ottoman Bulgaria: Encyclopedia II - History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The struggle for independence |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Liberation Having its reputation at stake, Russia had no other choice but to declare war on the Ottomans in April 1877. The Romanian army and a small contingent of Bulgarian exiles also fought alongside the advancing Russians. The Russians and Romanians were able to inflict a decisive defeat on the Ottomans at the Battle of Shipka and at the Pleven, and, by January 1878 they had occupied much of Bulgaria. They were thus able to dictate terms to the Sultan, and in the Treaty of San Stefano they proposed creating a large Bulgarian state, embracing almost ...
See also:History of Ottoman Bulgaria, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Early centuries of Ottoman rule, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Organisation of Ottoman Bulgaria, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Bulgarian Orthodox Church, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - First revolts and the Great Powers, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The struggle for independence, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The April uprising, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Liberation, History of Ottoman Bulgaria - Effect on the Turks Read more here: » History of Ottoman Bulgaria: Encyclopedia II - History of Ottoman Bulgaria - The Liberation |
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| | | | | Giuseppe Garibaldi: Encyclopedia II - Sicily - Sicilian people The position of Sicily as a stepping stone of sorts in the center of the Mediterranean Basin has lent it strategic importance throughout history, resulting in an endless procession of settlers and conquerors. Of these, the earliest seem to have had the greatest demographic impact. Genetic research suggests that colonists from southern Europe (especially mainland Italy and Greece) have been most important in the peopling of Sicily:
The tree allows a division of the populations into two main groups. We find Northern A ...
See also:Sicily, Sicily - Geography, Sicily - Transport, Sicily - Towns and Cities, Sicily - Flag, Sicily - Arts, Sicily - History, Sicily - Sicilian people, Sicily - Sicilian language, Sicily - List of Sicilians, Sicily - List of Sicilian-Americans, Sicily - List of part-Sicilians, Sicily - Footnotes Read more here: » Sicily: Encyclopedia II - Sicily - Sicilian people |
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