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gills
A Wisdom Archive on gills

gills A selection of articles related to gills

gills, Gill, Gill - Other Definition

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ARTICLES RELATED TO gills

gills: Encyclopedia II - List of fictional plants - Plants from fiction

List of fictional plants - Plants from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle Earth. Alfirin - bell-shaped golden flower. Athelas - healing plant with long leaves (also known as Kingsfoil or Asëa Aranion). Brambles of Mordor - Large, black brambles that grew in the lands of Mordor. Culumalda - Golden-red trees of Ithilien. Elanor - a small star-shaped yellow flower whose name means sun-star. Ents - a race of humanoid trees. Gallows ...

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List of fictional plants, List of fictional plants - Plants from fiction, List of fictional plants - Plants from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle Earth, List of fictional plants - Plants from J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series, List of fictional plants - Plants from Ursula K. Le Guin's Earthsea series, List of fictional plants - Plants from Monty Python's Flying Circus, List of fictional plants - Plants from mythology

Read more here: » List of fictional plants: Encyclopedia II - List of fictional plants - Plants from fiction

gills: Encyclopedia II - Mantle mollusc - Shell formation

Nacre is secreted by the ectodermic cells of the mantle tissue of most mollusks. Mollusk blood is rich in a liquid form of calcium. In these mollusks the calcium is concentrated out from the blood where it can crystallize as calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The individual crystals of each layer differ in shape and orientation. Nacre is continually deposited onto the inner surface of the animal's shell (the iridescent nacreous layer, also known as mother of pearl), both as a means to smoothen the shell itself and as a defense ...

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Mantle mollusc, Mantle mollusc - Shell formation, Mantle mollusc - The mantle cavity

Read more here: » Mantle mollusc: Encyclopedia II - Mantle mollusc - Shell formation

gills: Encyclopedia II - Fish farming - Basics of fish production

Basically, there are two kinds of aquaculture: extensive aquaculture based on local photosynthetical production and intensive aquaculture, in which the fishes are fed with external food supply. The management of this two kinds of aquacultural systems is completely different. See also: Principles of fish production Fish farming - Extensive pond aquaculture. Limiting for fish growth here is the available food supply by natural sources, commonly zooplankton feeding on pelagic algae or benthic animals, ...

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Fish farming, Fish farming - Basics of fish production, Fish farming - Extensive pond aquaculture, Fish farming - Intensive closed-circulation aquaculture, Fish farming - Systems of fish farming, Fish farming - Integrated recycling systems, Fish farming - Irrigation ditch or pond systems, Fish farming - Cage system, Fish farming - Classic fry farming, Fish farming - Controversy

Read more here: » Fish farming: Encyclopedia II - Fish farming - Basics of fish production

gills: Encyclopedia II - Mushroom poisoning - No golden rule for safety

There is much folklore providing misleading tips on defining features of poisonous mushrooms, such as: Having bright flashy colours. (False: some very toxic species are pure white, such as the Destroying Angel). Lack of snail or insect infestation. (False: while a fungus may be harmless to invertebrates, it could be toxic to humans. The Death Cap for instance is often perforated by insect larvae). Becomes black when touched by silverware or an onion. (False: most mushrooms tend to da ...

See also:

Mushroom poisoning, Mushroom poisoning - No golden rule for safety, Mushroom poisoning - Symptoms, Mushroom poisoning - Poisonous species

Read more here: » Mushroom poisoning: Encyclopedia II - Mushroom poisoning - No golden rule for safety

gills: Encyclopedia II - Fish - Fish ecology

Fish can be found in almost all large bodies of water in salt or brackish or fresh water, at depths from just below the surface to several thousand meters. However, hyper-saline lakes like the Great Salt Lake do not support fishes. Some species of fish have been specially bred to be kept and displayed in an aquarium, and can survive in the home environment. Catching fish for the purpose of food or sport is known as fishing. The annual yield from all fisheries worldwide is about 100 million tonnes. Overfishing is a threat to many speci ...

See also:

Fish, Fish - Fish ecology, Fish - Note on usage: fish vs. fishes, Fish - Fish as food, Fish - Classification

Read more here: » Fish: Encyclopedia II - Fish - Fish ecology

gills: Encyclopedia II - Tetrapod - Anatomical features of early tetrapods

The amphibian's ancestral fish must have possessed similar traits to those inherited by the early amphibians, including internal nostrils (to separate the breathing and feeding passages) and a large fleshy fin built on bones that could give rise to the tetrapod limb. The rhipidistian crossopterygians fulfill every requirement for this ancestry. Their palatal and jaw structures were identical to those of amphibians, and their dentition was identical too, with labyrinthine teeth fitting in a pit-and-tooth arrangement on the palate. The crossop ...

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Tetrapod, Tetrapod - Devonian Tetrapods, Tetrapod - Carboniferous Tetrapods, Tetrapod - Permian Tetrapods, Tetrapod - Classification of Tetrapods, Tetrapod - Anatomical features of early tetrapods, Tetrapod - Classification, Tetrapod - Skull, Tetrapod - Dentition, Tetrapod - Sensory Organs, Tetrapod - Hearing, Tetrapod - Girdles, Tetrapod - Limbs, Tetrapod - Feeding, Tetrapod - Respiration, Tetrapod - Locomotion

Read more here: » Tetrapod: Encyclopedia II - Tetrapod - Anatomical features of early tetrapods

gills: Encyclopedia II - Helix genus - What snails eat and who eats snails

The common garden snail (Helix aspersa) is herbivorous. They are able to digest most vegetation such as carrots and lettuce. They also have a specialized crop of symbiotic bacteria in their intestine which is used to digest cellulose. There are many predators that prey upon snails. Some animals such as the song thrush break the shell of the snail by hammering it against a stone to get at its soft insides, some, like frogs, even eat the whole snail, shell and all. There are even s ...

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Helix genus, Helix genus - Where snails are naturally found, Helix genus - What snails eat and who eats snails, Helix genus - External features, Helix genus - Mating, Helix genus - Growth and death, Helix genus - Respiration, Helix genus - Taxonomy, Helix genus - External link

Read more here: » Helix genus: Encyclopedia II - Helix genus - What snails eat and who eats snails

gills: Encyclopedia II - List of Doctor Who villains - S

List of Doctor Who villains - Sabbath. List of Doctor Who villains - Scaroth. Scaroth was the last of the Jagaroth, a vicious and callous warlike race, appearing in the serial City of Death. The last Jagaroth spacecraft exploded upon takeoff on prehistoric Earth. The energy from that explosion ignited the primordial soup that led to life developing on Earth and also fractured Scaroth into 12 aspects, scattered throughout Earth's history. Each splinter had the ability to ...

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List of Doctor Who villains, List of Doctor Who villains - A, List of Doctor Who villains - Animus, List of Doctor Who villains - B, List of Doctor Who villains - Beep the Meep, List of Doctor Who villains - Black Guardian, List of Doctor Who villains - Borusa, List of Doctor Who villains - C, List of Doctor Who villains - Lady Cassandra, List of Doctor Who villains - Celestial Toymaker, List of Doctor Who villains - Harrison Chase, List of Doctor Who villains - D, List of Doctor Who villains - Davros, List of Doctor Who villains - E, List of Doctor Who villains - Editor, List of Doctor Who villains - F, List of Doctor Who villains - Fendahl, List of Doctor Who villains - Fenric, List of Doctor Who villains - G, List of Doctor Who villains - Sabalom Glitz, List of Doctor Who villains - Gods of Ragnarok, List of Doctor Who villains - Magnus Greel, List of Doctor Who villains - Count Grendel, List of Doctor Who villains - H, List of Doctor Who villains - I, List of Doctor Who villains - J, List of Doctor Who villains - Jagrafess, List of Doctor Who villains - Sharaz Jek, List of Doctor Who villains - K, List of Doctor Who villains - Kandy Man, List of Doctor Who villains - L, List of Doctor Who villains - Lytton, List of Doctor Who villains - M, List of Doctor Who villains - Malus, List of Doctor Who villains - Mara, List of Doctor Who villains - Master, List of Doctor Who villains - Master of the Land of Fiction, List of Doctor Who villains - Meddling Monk, List of Doctor Who villains - Monarch, List of Doctor Who villains - Morbius, List of Doctor Who villains - N, List of Doctor Who villains - Nimrod, List of Doctor Who villains - O, List of Doctor Who villains - Omega, List of Doctor Who villains - P, List of Doctor Who villains - Q, List of Doctor Who villains - R, List of Doctor Who villains - Rani, List of Doctor Who villains - Rassilon, List of Doctor Who villains - S, List of Doctor Who villains - Sabbath, List of Doctor Who villains - Scaroth, List of Doctor Who villains - Shadow, List of Doctor Who villains - Sil, List of Doctor Who villains - Josiah Samuel Smith, List of Doctor Who villains - Mehendri Solon, List of Doctor Who villains - Henry van Statten, List of Doctor Who villains - Sutekh, List of Doctor Who villains - T, List of Doctor Who villains - Timewyrm, List of Doctor Who villains - U, List of Doctor Who villains - V, List of Doctor Who villains - Valeyard, List of Doctor Who villains - W, List of Doctor Who villains - WOTAN, List of Doctor Who villains - War Chief, List of Doctor Who villains - X, List of Doctor Who villains - Xoanon, List of Doctor Who villains - Y, List of Doctor Who villains - Z, List of Doctor Who villains - Professor Zaroff

Read more here: » List of Doctor Who villains: Encyclopedia II - List of Doctor Who villains - S

gills: Encyclopedia II - Osmoregulation - Forms of osmoregulation

Two major types of osmoregulation are osmoconformers and osmoregulators. Osmoconformers match their body osmolarity to their environment . It can either be active or passive. An example are marine fish. By drinking in sea water, and actively excreting salt out from the gills, the fish will gain salt as it produces an isotonic urine. Osmoregulators tightly regulate their body osmolarity which always stays constant and are more common in the animal kingdom. Osmoregulators actively control salt concentrations despite the sa ...

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Osmoregulation, Osmoregulation - Examples of osmotic pressure, Osmoregulation - Forms of osmoregulation, Osmoregulation - Osmoregulation in plants, Osmoregulation - Osmoregulation in protoctists and animals, Osmoregulation - Vertebrate excretory systems, Osmoregulation - Waste products of nitrogen metabolism, Osmoregulation - How osmoregulation is achieved in vertebrates

Read more here: » Osmoregulation: Encyclopedia II - Osmoregulation - Forms of osmoregulation

gills: Encyclopedia II - Shrimp - Taxonomy

A number of more or less unrelated crustaceans also have the word "shrimp" in their common name. Examples are the mantis shrimp and the opposum or mysid shrimp, both of which belong to the same class (Malacostraca) as the true shrimp, but constitute two different orders within it, the Stomatopoda and the Mysidacea. Triops longicaudatus or Triops cancriformis are also popular animals in freshwater aquaria, and are often called shrimp, although they belong instead to the N ...

See also:

Shrimp, Shrimp - Taxonomy, Shrimp - Shrimp as food, Shrimp - Shrimp preparation, Shrimp - Shrimps in aquaria, Shrimp - Taxonomy note

Read more here: » Shrimp: Encyclopedia II - Shrimp - Taxonomy

gills: Encyclopedia II - Roach - The roach's characteristics

Roach - Protection. The roach has a non-keratinous outer skin of several layers about 100 μm thick. It is made up of connective cells. This epidermis has no glands, but there are glandular cells which secrete a mucus that protects the fish's scales. The scales themselves are bony, sheathing the roach in a kind of exoskeleton. Roach - Senses. The roach has a head with eyes, and blind (ie without an opening at one end) nostrils, which do not open into the mouth as is true ...

See also:

Roach, Roach - Introduction, Roach - The roach's characteristics, Roach - Protection, Roach - Senses, Roach - Locomotion, Roach - Bodily systems, Roach - Respiratory apparatus, Roach - Circulatory apparatus

Read more here: » Roach: Encyclopedia II - Roach - The roach's characteristics

gills: Encyclopedia II - Dragonfly - General facts

Dragonfly - Record breakers. Much larger dragonfly species existed in the distant past than occur on earth today. The largest, found as a fossil, is an extinct Protodonata named Meganeura monyi from the Permian period with a wingspan of 70–75 cm (27.5–29.5 in). This compares to 19 cm (7.5 in) for the largest modern species of odonates, the Hawaiian endemic dragonfly, Anax strenuus. The smallest modern species recorded is the libellulid dragonfly, Nannophya pygmaea from east Asia with a wingspan o ...

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Dragonfly, Dragonfly - Life cycle, Dragonfly - General facts, Dragonfly - Record breakers, Dragonfly - Vision, Dragonfly - Camouflage, Dragonfly - Classification, Dragonfly - Ancient dragonflies Anisozygoptera, Dragonfly - Dragonflies vs. damselflies, Dragonfly - Some common species

Read more here: » Dragonfly: Encyclopedia II - Dragonfly - General facts

gills: Encyclopedia II - Ear - The mammalian ear

Mammals, including humans, have two ears, one on each side of the head. Ear - Outer ear. The outer ear is the external portion of the ear and includes the eardrum. The visible part is called the pinna, or auricle, and functions to collect and focus sound waves. Many mammals can move the pinna (with the auriculares muscles) in order to focus their hearing in a certain direction in much the same way that they can turn their eyes. Humans, as opposed to other mammals, do not have this ability. From the ...

See also:

Ear, Ear - The mammalian ear, Ear - Outer ear, Ear - Middle ear, Ear - Inner ear, Ear - Non-mammalian hearing organs, Ear - Diseases and medical conditions of the ear and auditory system

Read more here: » Ear: Encyclopedia II - Ear - The mammalian ear

gills: Encyclopedia II - Amanita fulva - Characteristics

The cap is tan with a clearly lined margin. The gills are white and free from the stem. The stem is white, relatively long and thin, often hollow, and without a ring. The sack-like folva is patchy white with brown. The mushroom grows near various kinds of trees, often birch. A. fulva is one of the grisettes that are part of the amanita genus. The species in this group have slightly different ...

See also:

Amanita fulva, Amanita fulva - Characteristics, Amanita fulva - Uses

Read more here: » Amanita fulva: Encyclopedia II - Amanita fulva - Characteristics

gills: Encyclopedia II - Frog - Characteristics

Because of the great diversity of frogs (over 4000 species), many characteristics are not shared throughout all of the species. However, there are some characteristics which distinguish them from other amphibians. Frogs are generally well suited to jumping, and have long hind legs, with elongated ankle bones. They have a short vertebral column, with no more than ten free vertebrae, followed by a fused tail bone, usually resulting in a frog without a tail. Frogs range in size from 10mm (Psyllophryne didactyla of Brazil and Eleut ...

See also:

Frog, Frog - Characteristics, Frog - Call, Frog - Poison, Frog - Distribution and status, Frog - Life cycle, Frog - Diversity of reproductive behaviours, Frog - Diet and Predators, Frog - Taxonomy, Frog - Distinction of frogs and toads, Frog - Hybridisation, Frog - Evolution, Frog - Uses

Read more here: » Frog: Encyclopedia II - Frog - Characteristics

gills: Encyclopedia II - Krill - Life cycle

The general life-cycle of krill has been the subject of several studies (e.g. Guerny 1942,[Gue42] or Mauchline & Fisher 1969[MF69]) performed on a variety of species and is thus relatively well understood, although there are minor variations in details from species to species. When krill hatch from the eggs, t ...

See also:

Krill, Krill - Taxonomy, Krill - Distribution, Krill - Morphology, Krill - Behaviour, Krill - Life cycle, Krill - Ecology, Krill - Economy, Krill - Footnotes

Read more here: » Krill: Encyclopedia II - Krill - Life cycle

gills: Encyclopedia II - Acid rain - History and trends

Acid rain was first reported in Manchester, England, which was an important city during the Industrial Revolution. In 1852, Robert Angus Smith found the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution. The term "acid rain" was used by him in 1872. He observed that acid rain could lead to natural destruction. Though acid rain was discovered in 1852, it wasn't until the late 1960s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon. Canadian Harold Harvey was among the first to research a "dead" lake. Public awar ...

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Acid rain, Acid rain - Origin, Acid rain - History and trends, Acid rain - Adverse effects, Acid rain - Effects on lake ecology, Acid rain - Effects of acid rain on soil biology, Acid rain - Other adverse effects, Acid rain - Prevention Methods

Read more here: » Acid rain: Encyclopedia II - Acid rain - History and trends

gills: Encyclopedia II - Ichthyostega - Adaptations for land-life

Primitive amphibians like Ichthyostega and Acanthostega differed from animals like Crossopterygians (for instance Eusthenopteron or Panderichthys) in that although Crossopterygians had lungs, they used their gills as the primary means of acquiring oxygen. Ichthyostega probably used lungs as its primary means of breathing. Primitive amphibians had a special type of skin that helped them retain bodily fluids and deter desiccation whereas Crossopterygians did not, and a stronger skeletal structure allowed I ...

See also:

Ichthyostega, Ichthyostega - History and Systematics, Ichthyostega - Characteristics, Ichthyostega - Adaptations for land-life

Read more here: » Ichthyostega: Encyclopedia II - Ichthyostega - Adaptations for land-life

gills: Encyclopedia II - Recapitulation theory - Haeckel's theory

Ontogeny is the development of the embryos of a given species; phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species. The theory claims that the development of the embryo of every species repeats the evolutionary development of that species fully. Or otherwise put: each successive stage in the development of an individual represents one of the adult forms that appeared in its evolutionary history. Haeckel formulated his theory as such: "Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny" ...

See also:

Recapitulation theory, Recapitulation theory - Haeckel's theory, Recapitulation theory - Historical impact, Recapitulation theory - Modern observations, Recapitulation theory - Modern theory

Read more here: » Recapitulation theory: Encyclopedia II - Recapitulation theory - Haeckel's theory

gills: Encyclopedia II - Operculum - Gastropods

The operculum (plural : opercula or operculums) of gastropods is a corneous plate at the opening of the shell, attached dorsally to the foot. This fingernail-like structure seals the aperture, serving as a cover against predators when the snail body is retracted. It also enables the snail to survive periods of drought. The operculum has a concentric structure and a nucleus near the p ...

See also:

Operculum, Operculum - Gastropods, Operculum - Incense ingredient, Operculum - Gastropod: external link, Operculum - Fish, Operculum - Botany, Operculum - Brain

Read more here: » Operculum: Encyclopedia II - Operculum - Gastropods

gills: Encyclopedia II - Soused herring - History

This process was developed in the middle ages by the Dutch. Herrings are caught between the end of May and the beginning of June in the North Sea near Denmark or Norway, before the breeding season starts. This is because herrings at this time are unusually rich in oils (over 15%) and their roe and milt have not started to develop. Through a cut in the throat, the gills are removed and the herring is only partly gutted, as some of the guts and, most importantly, the pancreas are left intact. The herrings are then placed in the brine for approxi ...

See also:

Soused herring, Soused herring - History, Soused herring - Preparation

Read more here: » Soused herring: Encyclopedia II - Soused herring - History

gills: Encyclopedia II - Temnospondyli - Classification

Temnospondyli - Two types of Vertebrae. Originally, Temnospondyls were classified according to the structure of the vertebrae. Earlier forns, with complex vertebrae consisting of a number of separate elements, were called "Rachitomi", and large Triassic aquatic forms with simpler and more degenerate vertebrae were called "Stereospondyli"; and these two types were considered suborders of the order Temnospondyli. In the Ratchitomous condition the intercentra were large and wedge-shaped, and the pleuracentra ...

See also:

Temnospondyli, Temnospondyli - Classification, Temnospondyli - Two types of Vertebrae, Temnospondyli - Cladistic Research, Temnospondyli - Evolutionary History

Read more here: » Temnospondyli: Encyclopedia II - Temnospondyli - Classification

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