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German exodus from Eastern Europe | A Wisdom Archive on German exodus from Eastern Europe | | German exodus from Eastern Europe A selection of articles related to German exodus from Eastern Europe | |
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO German exodus from Eastern Europe | | | |  German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Historical development
Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Germany.
After World War II many expellees (German: Heimatvertriebene) from the land east of the Oder-Neisse received refuge in both West Germany and East Germany. Some of the expellees are active in politics and belong to the political right-wing. Many others do not belong to any organizations, but they continue to maintain what they call a lawful right to their homeland. The vast majority pledged to work peacefully towards that goal while rebuilding post-war Germ ...
See also:Expulsion of Germans after World War II, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Wording of the actual agreement, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Discussion of the reasons, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - The results, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Summary of German Expellee Population, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Historical development, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Germany, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Poland, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Czechoslovakia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Hungary, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Russia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Development Read more here: » Expulsion of Germans after World War II: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Historical development |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - The results Up to 12.4 million Germans of the postwar population were forced to leave. The estimates of people that lost their lives differ. According to Federal Statistics Bureau of Germany in 1958 more than 2.1 million had lost their lives during this process, however the Bureau estimated the number of Germans who before 1945 had lived east of the Oder and Neiße and deducted the number of those who after the war were living in the German Federal Republic, Austria or the German Democratic Republic, taking the difference as dead. However only one tenth ...
See also:Expulsion of Germans after World War II, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Wording of the actual agreement, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Discussion of the reasons, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - The results, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Summary of German Expellee Population, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Historical development, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Germany, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Poland, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Czechoslovakia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Hungary, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Russia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Development Read more here: » Expulsion of Germans after World War II: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - The results |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Early History In 1226 Conrad of Mazovia invited a German order of crusading knights, the Order of the Teutonic Knights from Transylvania to conquer the Prussian tribes on his borders. However, after struggling against more than a century of resistance from the Prussians they created a semi-independent state, which came to control most of what are now Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, as well as parts of northern Poland. Eventually defeated, the Knights had to acknowledge the sovereignty of the King of Poland and Lithuania from 1466. In 1525 the Master of the Order became a Protestant, and converted part of the Order's territories into the Duch ...
See also:Prussia, Prussia - Geography, Prussia - Early History, Prussia - Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia - Imperial Prussia, Prussia - The end of Prussia Read more here: » Prussia: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Early History |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Summary of German Expellee Population Notes:
Germany-The pre-war eastern German provinces that became Polish in 1945.
Eastern Europe- Includes ethnic Germans in Czechoslovakia, Poland, Danzig, the Baltic nations, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia. Does not include the USSR.
Population in 1939- Includes bilinguals who were listed as Germans.
Military Losses 1939-45 Research by R. Overmans has increased this total by 360,000 thus reducing civilian losses.
Wartime Transfers In -Wartime evacuation of persons from ...
See also:Expulsion of Germans after World War II, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Wording of the actual agreement, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Discussion of the reasons, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - The results, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Summary of German Expellee Population, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Historical development, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Germany, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Poland, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Czechoslovakia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Hungary, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Russia, Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Development Read more here: » Expulsion of Germans after World War II: Encyclopedia II - Expulsion of Germans after World War II - Summary of German Expellee Population |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Silesia - Demographics Modern Silesia is inhabited mostly by Poles and Silesians, but also by minorities of Germans, Czechs, and Moravians. The last Polish census of 2002 showed that the Silesians are the largest ethnic minority in Poland, Germans being the second — both groups are located mostly in Silesia. The Czech part of Silesia is inhabited by Czechs, Moravians, and Poles.
Before the Second World War, Silesia was inhabited by Germans, Poles, and Czechs. The 1905, a census showed that 75% of the population was German and 25% Polish. During and after ...
See also:Silesia, Silesia - Name of the region, Silesia - History, Silesia - Early people, Silesia - Middle Ages, Silesia - Early Modern Period, Silesia - Silesia in Germany, Silesia - Between the wars, Silesia - Silesia after WWII, Silesia - Natural resources, Silesia - Demographics, Silesia - Major cities in Silesia Read more here: » Silesia: Encyclopedia II - Silesia - Demographics |
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| | | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic The purpose of ethnic cleansing is to remove the conditions for potential and actual opposition, whether political, terrorist, guerrilla or military, by physically removing any potentially or actually hostile ethnic communities. Although it has sometimes been motivated by a doctrine that claim an ethnic group is literally "unclean" (as in the case of the Jews of medieval Europe), more usually it has been a rational (if brutal) way of ensuring that total control can be asserted over an area. The campaign in Bosnia in early 1992 was a case in ...
See also:Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term, Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Modern-age ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - 20th-century instances, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as international law crime, Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Read more here: » Ethnic cleansing: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Silesia - Demographics Modern Silesia is inhabited mostly by Poles and Silesians, but also by minorities of Germans, Czechs, and Moravians. The last Polish census of 2002 showed that the Silesians are the largest ethnic minority in Poland, Germans being the second — both groups are located mostly in Silesia. The Czech part of Silesia is inhabited by Czechs, Moravians, and Poles.
Before the Second World War, Silesia was inhabited by Germans, Poles, and Czechs. In 1905, a census showed that 75% of the population was German and 25% Polish. During and after W ...
See also:Silesia, Silesia - Name of the region, Silesia - History, Silesia - Early people, Silesia - Middle Ages, Silesia - Early Modern Period, Silesia - Silesia in Germany, Silesia - Between the wars, Silesia - Silesia after WWII, Silesia - Natural resources, Silesia - Demographics, Silesia - Major cities in Silesia Read more here: » Silesia: Encyclopedia II - Silesia - Demographics |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term This originally applied purely to military enemies, but came to be applied to ethnic groups as well. It was used in this context in Yugoslavia by the Serbian media as early as 1981, in relation to the policies of the Kosovo Albanian administration allegedly creating an "ethnically clean territory" (i.e. "cleanly" Albanian) in the province[1]. However, this usage had antecedents.
The term "cleansing" ("cleansing of borders", очистка границ) was used in Soviet documents of early 1930s in reference to the resettlement of Pol ...
See also:Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term, Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Modern-age ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - 20th-century instances, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as international law crime, Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Read more here: » Ethnic cleansing: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term |
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| | | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Imperial Prussia In 1862 Prussian King William I appointed Otto von Bismarck as Prime Minister of Prussia. Bismarck was determined to defeat both the liberals and the conservatives, by creating a strong united Germany but under the domination of the Prussian ruling class and bureaucracy, not the western German liberals. He achieved this by provoking three successive wars, with Denmark in 1864 (second war of Schleswig), which gave Prussia Schleswig-Holstein, with Austria in 1866 (Austro-Prussian War), which allowed Prussia to annex Hanover and most other nort ...
See also:Prussia, Prussia - Geography, Prussia - Early history, Prussia - Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia - Imperial Prussia, Prussia - The end of Prussia Read more here: » Prussia: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Imperial Prussia |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing The Assyrian Empire regularly deported entire ethnic groups, as did the Babylonians; victims of this policy most famously include the Israelites of Israel in 722 BC and the Israelites of Judah in 586 BC (see Babylonian captivity of Judah).
Elsewhere, the Bantu expansion and Arab conquests are other examples of systematic expulsions. The migration of Caribs led to the displacement of indigenous Arawaks, but they themselves were later defeated and expelled. Mongols, Turks, and Russians have instigated var ...
See also:Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term, Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Modern-age ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - 20th-century instances, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as international law crime, Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Read more here: » Ethnic cleansing: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Early history In 1226 Conrad of Mazovia invited a German order of crusading knights, the Order of the Teutonic Knights from Transylvania to conquer the Prussian tribes on his borders. However, after struggling against more than a century of resistance from the Prussians they created a semi-independent state, which came to control most of what are now Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, as well as parts of northern Poland. Eventually defeated, the Knights had to acknowledge the sovereignty of the King of Poland and Lithuania from 1466. In 1525 the Master of the Order became a Protestant, and converted part of the Order's territories into the Duch ...
See also:Prussia, Prussia - Geography, Prussia - Early history, Prussia - Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia - Imperial Prussia, Prussia - The end of Prussia Read more here: » Prussia: Encyclopedia II - Prussia - Early history |
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| | | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Some narratives in the in the Bible which describe the Hebrew conquest of Canaan in c. 13th century BC or before, would now be considered descriptions of ethnic cleansing or even genocide. In several places God commands the Hebrews to kill every man, woman and child after capturing a city, and sometimes cities also had to be burnt to the ground.
In Exodus, the story of the Pharaoh's attempt to destroy the Israelites living in Egypt can also be seen as ethnic cleansing. Similarly Haman's attempt to wipe ou ...
See also:Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term, Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Modern-age ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - 20th-century instances, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as international law crime, Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Read more here: » Ethnic cleansing: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Nazi Germany - World War II In 1939 Germany's actions led to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. Poland, France, Denmark, Norway, Belgium and the Netherlands were invaded. Initially, the United Kingdom could do little to come to the rescue of its European allies and Germany subjected Britain to heavy bombing during the Battle of Britain. After invading Greece and North Africa, Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. It declared war on the United States in December of 1941 after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor.
The persecution of minorities continued both ...
See also:Nazi Germany, Nazi Germany - Chronology of events, Nazi Germany - Pre-War Politics 1933-1939, Nazi Germany - Consolidation of power, Nazi Germany - Social policy, Nazi Germany - Economic policy, Nazi Germany - World War II, Nazi Germany - Aftermath, Nazi Germany - Organization of the Third Reich, Nazi Germany - Head of State and Chief Executive, Nazi Germany - Cabinet and national authorities, Nazi Germany - Reich Offices, Nazi Germany - Reich Ministries, Nazi Germany - Occupation authorities, Nazi Germany - Legislative Branch, Nazi Germany - Military, Nazi Germany - Paramilitary organisations, Nazi Germany - National police, Nazi Germany - Political organizations, Nazi Germany - Service organizations, Nazi Germany - Religious organisations, Nazi Germany - Academic organizations, Nazi Germany - Prominent persons in Nazi Germany, Nazi Germany - Nazi Party and Nazi government leaders and officials, Nazi Germany - SS personnel, Nazi Germany - Military, Nazi Germany - Other, Nazi Germany - Noted victims, Nazi Germany - Noted refugees, Nazi Germany - Noted survivors Read more here: » Nazi Germany: Encyclopedia II - Nazi Germany - World War II |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans See also: Germanic tribes, Confederations of Germanic Tribes, Germania, Germania Inferior, Germania Superior
Between 800 and 70 BC the Germanic tribes in the north migrated into Celtic territory, advancing to the Oder and the Rhine and into southern Germany.
Around 58 BC, in a succession of military campaigns the Romans made the Rhine the north-eastern frontier of the Roman Empire, leading to the Romanisation of the left bank of the Rhine and the incorporation of the central European Celtic societies into their Empire. R ...
See also:History of Germany, History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans, History of Germany - Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - Middle Ages, History of Germany - Reformation and Thirty Years War, History of Germany - End of the Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - German Confederation, History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution, History of Germany - North German Confederation, History of Germany - German Empire, History of Germany - Age of Bismarck, History of Germany - Wilhelminian Era, History of Germany - Weimar Republic, History of Germany - Third Reich, History of Germany - Nazi revolution or 'Seizure of Power', History of Germany - Expansion and defeat, History of Germany - Germany since 1945 Read more here: » History of Germany: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - German Confederation
History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution.
Main articles: German Confederation, The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states
After the fall of Napoleon, European monarchs and statesmen convened in the Vienna in 1814 for the reorganization of European affairs, under the leadership of the Austrian Prince Metternich. The political principles agreed upon at this Congress of Vienna included the restoration, legitimacy and solidarity of rulers ...
See also:History of Germany, History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans, History of Germany - Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - Middle Ages, History of Germany - Reformation and Thirty Years War, History of Germany - End of the Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - German Confederation, History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution, History of Germany - North German Confederation, History of Germany - German Empire, History of Germany - Age of Bismarck, History of Germany - Wilhelminian Era, History of Germany - Weimar Republic, History of Germany - Third Reich, History of Germany - Nazi revolution or 'Seizure of Power', History of Germany - Expansion and defeat, History of Germany - Germany since 1945 Read more here: » History of Germany: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - German Confederation |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - North German Confederation Main article: North German Confederation
In 1867 the German Confederation was dissolved. In its place the North German Confederation (German Norddeutscher Bund) was established, under the leadership of Prussia. Austria was excluded, and would remain outside German affairs for most of the remaining 19th and the 20th centuries.
The North German Confederation was a transitory group that existed from 1867 to 1871, between the dissolution of the German Confederation and the founding of the German Empire. With it, Prussia established control over the 22 states of n ...
See also:History of Germany, History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans, History of Germany - Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - Middle Ages, History of Germany - Reformation and Thirty Years War, History of Germany - End of the Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - German Confederation, History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution, History of Germany - North German Confederation, History of Germany - German Empire, History of Germany - Age of Bismarck, History of Germany - Wilhelminian Era, History of Germany - Weimar Republic, History of Germany - Third Reich, History of Germany - Nazi revolution or 'Seizure of Power', History of Germany - Expansion and defeat, History of Germany - Germany since 1945 Read more here: » History of Germany: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - North German Confederation |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - German Empire Main article: German Empire
History of Germany - Age of Bismarck.
Differences between France and Prussia over the accession to the Spanish throne of a German candidate - whom France opposed - led to the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). Following a French declaration of war, joint southern-German and Prussian troops, under the command of Moltke, invaded France in 1870. The French army was finally forced to capitulate by the fortress of Sedan. French Emperor Napoleon III was taken prisoner and the Secon ...
See also:History of Germany, History of Germany - The Germans and the Romans, History of Germany - Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - Middle Ages, History of Germany - Reformation and Thirty Years War, History of Germany - End of the Holy Roman Empire, History of Germany - German Confederation, History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution, History of Germany - North German Confederation, History of Germany - German Empire, History of Germany - Age of Bismarck, History of Germany - Wilhelminian Era, History of Germany - Weimar Republic, History of Germany - Third Reich, History of Germany - Nazi revolution or 'Seizure of Power', History of Germany - Expansion and defeat, History of Germany - Germany since 1945 Read more here: » History of Germany: Encyclopedia II - History of Germany - German Empire |
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| | | | | German exodus from Eastern Europe: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Some narratives in the in the Bible which describe the Hebrew conquest of Canaan in c. 13th century BC or before, would now be considered descriptions of ethnic cleansing or even genocide. In several places God commands the Hebrews to kill every man, woman and child after capturing a city, and sometimes cities also had to be burnt to the ground.
In Exodus, the story of the Pharaoh's attempt to destroy the Israelites living in Egypt can also be seen as ethnic cleansing. Similarly Haman's attempt to wipe ou ...
See also:Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Origins of the term, Ethnic cleansing - Early examples of ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Colonization-related ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Modern-age ethnic cleansing, Ethnic cleansing - Older examples, Ethnic cleansing - 20th-century instances, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as a military and political tactic, Ethnic cleansing - Ethnic cleansing as international law crime, Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing Read more here: » Ethnic cleansing: Encyclopedia II - Ethnic cleansing - Comparison of events in the Bible with ethnic cleansing |
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