Little is known about his early years, but Temüjin was born sometime around 11621 in Hentiy, Mongolia. His birthplace was most likely the mountainous area of Burhan Haldun. He was the eldest son of Yesükhei, a tribal chief of the Kiyad. Yesükhei's clan was called Borjigin (Боржигин), and his mother, Hoelun, was of the Olkhunut tribe of the Mongol confederation. Based on legends and later writers, Temüjin's early life was difficult. His father delivered him to his fut ...

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Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Birth and early life, Genghis Khan - His family, Genghis Khan - Uniting the Central Asian confederations, Genghis Khan - From Temüjin to Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Military campaigns, Genghis Khan - First war with Western Xia, Genghis Khan - Conquest of the Khara-Khitan Khanate, Genghis Khan - Invasion of Khwarezmid Empire, Genghis Khan - The defeat of the Kievan Rus, Genghis Khan - Second war with Western Xia and Jin Dynasty, Genghis Khan - Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan - Politics and economics, Genghis Khan - Military, Genghis Khan - Division of the empire into Khanates, Genghis Khan - After Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Destruction and effects after conquests, Genghis Khan - Death and burial, Genghis Khan - His personality, Genghis Khan - Legacy, Genghis Khan - In most of the world, Genghis Khan - In Mongolia, Genghis Khan - Genetic, Genghis Khan - Name and title, Genghis Khan - Short timeline, Genghis Khan - Notes

Read more here: » Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Genghis Khan - Birth and early life

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Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Birth and early life, Genghis Khan - His family, Genghis Khan - Uniting the Central Asian confederations, Genghis Khan - From Temüjin to Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Military campaigns, Genghis Khan - First war with Western Xia, Genghis Khan - Conquest of the Khara-Khitan Khanate, Genghis Khan - Invasion of Khwarezmid Empire, Genghis Khan - The defeat of the Kievan Rus, Genghis Khan - Second war with Western Xia and Jin Dynasty, Genghis Khan - Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan - Politics and economics, Genghis Khan - Military, Genghis Khan - Division of the empire into Khanates, Genghis Khan - After Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Destruction and effects after conquests, Genghis Khan - Death and burial, Genghis Khan - His personality, Genghis Khan - Legacy, Genghis Khan - In most of the world, Genghis Khan - In Mongolia, Genghis Khan - Name and title, Genghis Khan - Short timeline, Genghis Khan - Modern Descendents, Genghis Khan - Notes

Read more here: » Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Genghis Khan - Birth and early life

Little is known about his early years, but Temüjin was born sometime around 11621 in Hentiy, Mongolia. His birthplace was most likely the mountainous area of Burhan Haldun. He was the eldest son of Yesükhei, a tribal chief of the Kiyad. Yesükhei's clan was called Borjigin (Боржигин), and his mother, Hoelun, was of the Olkhunut tribe of the Mongol confederation. Based on legends and later writers, Temüjin's early life was difficult. His father delivered him to his fut ...

See also:

Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Birth and early life, Genghis Khan - His family, Genghis Khan - Uniting the Central Asian confederations, Genghis Khan - From Temüjin to Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan - Military campaigns, Genghis Khan - First war with Western Xia, Genghis Khan - Conquest of the Khara-Khitan Khanate, Genghis Khan - Invasion of Khwarezmid Empire, Genghis Khan - The defeat of the Kievan Rus, Genghis Khan - Second war with Western Xia and Jin Dynasty, Genghis Khan - Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan - Politics and economics, Genghis Khan - Military, Genghis Khan - Destruction and effects after conquests, Genghis Khan - Civilians, Genghis Khan - Property and cultural treasures, Genghis Khan - Division of Mongol Empire into Khanates, Genghis Khan - Death and burial, Genghis Khan - His personality, Genghis Khan - Legacy, Genghis Khan - In most of the world, Genghis Khan - In Mongolia, Genghis Khan - Name and title, Genghis Khan - Short timeline, Genghis Khan - Notes

Read more here: » Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Genghis Khan - Birth and early life

Genghis Khan ▶ (help·info) (c. 11621–August 18, 1227) (Cyrillic: Чингис Хаан), (also spelled as Chinggis Khan, Jenghis Khan, etc.), (pronounced ʧiŋgɪs χaːŋ), born as Tem ...

Including:

• Genghis Khan - Birth and early life
• Genghis Khan - His family
• Genghis Khan - Uniting the Central Asian confederations
• Genghis Khan - From Temüjin to Genghis Khan
• Genghis Khan - Military campaigns
• Genghis Khan - First war with Western Xia
• Genghis Khan - Conquest of the Khara-Khitan Khanate
• Genghis Khan - Invasion of Khwarezmid Empire
• Genghis Khan - The defeat of the Kieven Rus
• Genghis Khan - Second war with Western Xia and Jin Dynasty
• Genghis Khan - Mongol Empire
• Genghis Khan - Politics and economics
• Genghis Khan - Military
• Genghis Khan - Destruction and effects after conquests
• Genghis Khan - Civilians
• Genghis Khan - Property and cultural treasures
• Genghis Khan - Division of Mongol Empire into Khanates
• Genghis Khan - Death and burial
• Genghis Khan - His personality
• Genghis Khan - Legacy
• Genghis Khan - In most of the world
• Genghis Khan - In Mongolia
• Genghis Khan - Name and title
• Genghis Khan - Short timeline
• Genghis Khan - Notes

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Ögedei, (also Ögädäi, Ögedäi, Ogotai, etc.) (1186-1241), was the third son of Genghis Khan. He succeeded his father to rule as the second great Khan of the Mongol Empire. He continued the expansion the empire that his father had begun. Like all of Genghis' primary sons, he participated extensively in conquests in Western China and Central Asia. He was elected supreme khan in 1229, according to the kuriltai held after Genghis' death, although this was never really in doubt as it was Genghis' clear wish ...

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Batu Khan (Russian: Batyi, Батый) (c. 1205 - 1255) was a Mongol ruler, founder of the Kipchak Khanate. The term "Kipchak" came from the Kipchak Turks in the Mongol forces. Batu was a son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan. Although Genghis Khan recognized Jochi as his son, his parentage was always a question, as his mother Börte, Genghis Khan's wife, had been captured and raped, so that Jochi was born exactly nine months after her recovery by Genghis Khan. During the lifetime of Genghis, this issue was public knowledge ...

Including:

• Batu Khan - Invasion of Rus
• Batu Khan - Invasion of Central Europe

Read more here: » Batu Khan: Encyclopedia - Batu Khan

Abdur Rahman Khan (ca. 1844 Kabul, Afghanistan – October 1, 1901), amir of Afghanistan, was the third son of Afzul Khan, who was the eldest son of Dost Mahommed Khan, who had established the Barakzai's family dynasty in Afghanistan. Abdur Rahman Khan - Background and early career. Before his death at Herat, on June 9, 1863, Dost Mahommed had nominated as his successor Shir Ali, his third son, passing over the two elder brothers, Afzul Khan and Azim Khan. At first, the new amir was quietly recognize ...

Including:

• Abdur Rahman Khan - Background and early career
• Abdur Rahman Khan - Period of exile
• Abdur Rahman Khan - Reign

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Chaka Khan (born March 23, 1953) is the stage name of the American singer Yvette Marie Stevens. Khan first came to the attention of the music world as the singer of the funk band Rufus in the mid-1970s and with the help of Stevie Wonder, broke into both the pop and R&B charts in 1974 with the hit "Tell Me Something Good". Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, the band had a number of R&B hits, including "Tell Me Something Good", "Ain't Nobody", "Masterjam", "Sweet Thing", "Do You Love What You Feel?", and "Everla ...

Including:

• Chaka Khan - Discography
• Chaka Khan - Solo
• Chaka Khan - With Rufus

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Although the Xiongnu finally had been driven back into their homeland by the Chinese in A.D. 48, within ten years the Xianbei (or Hsien-pei in Wade-Giles) had moved (apparently from the north or northwest) into the region vacated by the Xiongnu. The Xianbei were the northern branch of the Donghu (or Tung Hu, the Eastern Hu), a proto-Tunguz group mentioned in Chinese histories as existing as early as the fourth century B.C. The language of the Donghu, like that of the Xiongnu, is unknown to modern scholars. The Donghu were among the first peo ...

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Mongols before Genghis Khan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Donghu Toba and Ruruan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Sources

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Archaeological evidence places early Stone Age human habitation in the southern Gobi between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago. By the first millennium B.C., bronze-working peoples lived in Mongolia. With the appearance of iron weapons by the third century B.C., the inhabitants of Mongolia had begun to form tribal alliances and to threaten China. The origins of more modern inhabitants are found among the forest hunters and nomadic tribes of Inner Asia. They inhabited a great arc of land extending generally from the Korean Peninsula in the east, ...

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Mongols before Genghis Khan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Donghu Toba and Ruruan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Sources

Read more here: » Mongols before Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols

After Genghis Khan died around Gansu, his coffin was carried to central Mongolia. According to his will, he was buried without any markings. The burial place still remains a mystery. Instead of the real tomb, portable mausoleums called naiman chaghaan odru (eight white palaces) enshrined him. They were originally palaces where Genghis Khan lived, but were altered to mausoleums by Ögedei Khan. They settled at the base of the Hentiy Mountains. The site, located in Delgerhaan su ...

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Mausoleum of Genghis Khan, Mausoleum of Genghis Khan - History, Mausoleum of Genghis Khan - Architecture, Mausoleum of Genghis Khan - Rituals

Read more here: » Mausoleum of Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mausoleum of Genghis Khan - History

The strategy of the Mongolian ordu was not unlike the strategy of most World War II armies. From the artillery preparation to the speed and distance the armies moved, the skill and strategies of the Mongolian ordu were not improved upon until the middle of the 20th century. In terms of battle detail, a Mongol army leader during battle might be anywhere in the formation and would use flags and horns to order his strategies during the battle. To the Mongols, victory seemed to matter most, and they couldn't afford to lose b ...

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Military advances of Genghis Khan, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Organization of Troops, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Breaking Tribal Connections, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Mobility, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Light Cavalry, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Strategy, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Psychological warfare, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Weapons, Military advances of Genghis Khan - New Technology

Read more here: » Military advances of Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Military advances of Genghis Khan - Strategy

The first significant recorded appearance of nomads came late in the third century B.C., when the Chinese repelled an invasion of the Xiongnu (Hsiung-nu in Wade-Giles romanization) across the Huang He (Yellow River) from the Gobi. The Xiongnu were a nomadic people of uncertain origins. Their language is not known to modern scholars, but the people were probably similar in appearance and characteristics to the later Mongols. A Chinese army, which had adopted Xiongnu military technology--wearing trousers and using mounted archers with stirrups ...

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Mongols before Genghis Khan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Donghu Toba and Ruruan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Sources

Read more here: » Mongols before Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi

From 629 to 648, a reunited China--under the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 618-906) --destroyed the power of the Eastern Türk north of the Gobi; established suzerainty over the Kitan, a semi-nomadic Mongol people who lived in areas that became the modern Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang and Jilin; and formed an alliance with the Uighurs, who inhabited the region between the Altai Mountains and Lake Balkash. Between 641 and 648, the Tang conquered the Western Türk, reestablishing Chinese sovereignty over Xinjiang and exacting tribute f ...

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Mongols before Genghis Khan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Donghu Toba and Ruruan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Sources

Read more here: » Mongols before Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China

Following are the Khanate in the way in which Genghis Khan created after his death were: Blue Horde and White Horde (combined into the Golden Horde) - Batu Khan and Orda Khan Il-Khanate - Hulegu Khan Empire of the Great Khan (China) - Ogedei Khan Mongol homeland (present day Mongolia, including Kharakhorum) - Tolui Khan Chagadai Khanate - Chagatai Khan The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227 — indeed, it was under Genghis's succes ...

See also:

Mongol Empire, Mongol Empire - Overview, Mongol Empire - Formation, Mongol Empire - Major events in the Early Mongol Empire, Mongol Empire - Organization, Mongol Empire - Military setup, Mongol Empire - Law and governance, Mongol Empire - Trade networks, Mongol Empire - After Genghis Khan, Mongol Empire - Disintegration, Mongol Empire - Silk Road, Mongol Empire - Legacy, Mongol Empire - Sources

Read more here: » Mongol Empire: Encyclopedia II - Mongol Empire - After Genghis Khan

At first, the Mongol Empire was ruled by Ogedei Khan,Genghis Khan'a third son and designated heir. But after his death in 1241, the fractures which would ultimately crack the Empire began to show. Emnity between the grandchildren of Genghis Khan resulted in a 5 year regency by Ogedei's widow until she finally got her son Guyuk Khan confirmed as Great Khan. But he only ruled two years, and following his death -- he was on his way to confront his cousin Batu Khan, who had never accepted his authority -- another regency followed until finally a ...

See also:

Mongol Empire, Mongol Empire - Overview, Mongol Empire - Formation, Mongol Empire - Major events in the Early Mongol Empire, Mongol Empire - Organization, Mongol Empire - Military setup, Mongol Empire - Law and governance, Mongol Empire - Trade networks, Mongol Empire - After Genghis Khan, Mongol Empire - Disintegration, Mongol Empire - Silk Road, Mongol Empire - Legacy, Mongol Empire - Sources

Read more here: » Mongol Empire: Encyclopedia II - Mongol Empire - After Genghis Khan

One of, if not the greatest, technological developments of the Mongolian ordu was their composite bow. The Mongolian composite bow was made of horn and sinew, and then coated in a waterproof lacquer. It had a draw weight between one hundred pounds and one hundred-fifty pounds (450 to 670 newtons). Its range of two hundred fifty yards was about twice that of contemporary European bows. The bow's high draw weight required the use of an Asiatic draw, hooking the thumb around the string beneath the arrow and bracing the thumb with the first finger. A thumb ring, made of horn, stone or metal, protected the pad ...

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Military advances of Genghis Khan, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Organization of Troops, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Breaking Tribal Connections, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Mobility, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Light Cavalry, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Strategy, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Psychological warfare, Military advances of Genghis Khan - Weapons, Military advances of Genghis Khan - New Technology

Read more here: » Military advances of Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Military advances of Genghis Khan - New Technology

Northern Wei was disintegrating rapidly because of revolts of semi-tribal Toba military forces that were opposed to being sinicized, when disaster struck the flourishing Ruruan Empire. The Türk,known as Tujue to Chinese chroniclers, revolted against their Ruruan rulers. The uprising began in the Altai Mountains, where many of the Türk were serfs working the iron mines. Thus, from the outset of their revolt, they had the advantage of controlling what had been one of the major bases of Ruruan power. Between 546 and 553, the Türks overthrew ...

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Mongols before Genghis Khan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Origins of the Mongols, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Xiongnu and Yuezhi, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Donghu Toba and Ruruan, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Influence of Tang China, Mongols before Genghis Khan - Sources

Read more here: » Mongols before Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mongols before Genghis Khan - Rise of the Türk

Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Loyalty. Because of the ethnic, religious and tribal diversity of the civilians and soldiers of Mongol Empire, including modern day Persians, Chinese and Europeans, he transferred all loyalty only to himself (Great Khan) and no others. However, this loyalty was also extended to his Horde. Any disobedience by a subordinate officer of any order from a superior officer was reason for death. See also:

Organization of state under Genghis Khan, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Politics, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Loyalty, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Yassa, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Meritocracy, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Freedom of Religion, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Economy, Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Trade

Read more here: » Organization of state under Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia II - Organization of state under Genghis Khan - Politics

Kuchak Khan was born Younes, son of Mirza "Bozorg" (meaning "big" in Persian), and was thus nicknamed Mirza "Kuchak" (meaning "small") in the city of Rasht in northern Iran in 1880. He studied theology (as the only available formal education at the time) to become a cleric at Jame Rasht in Rasht and later at Mahmudiyeh schools in Tehran. On the eve of the Iranian constitutional revolution as all the intelligentsia and ordinary people became more involved in politics, Mirza quit his studies to join the movement. Finally in an Imperial decree the Shah of Persia Muzaffar al-Din Shah agr ...

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Mirza Kuchak Khan, Mirza Kuchak Khan - Early life, Mirza Kuchak Khan - Jangal movement, Mirza Kuchak Khan - Socialist Republic of Gilan, Mirza Kuchak Khan - Mirza's death, Mirza Kuchak Khan - Historical analysis

Read more here: » Mirza Kuchak Khan: Encyclopedia II - Mirza Kuchak Khan - Early life