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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis | A Wisdom Archive on Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis A selection of articles related to Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis | |
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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis | | | |  Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - DiagnosisAs part of the analysis, blood tests and CT scanning are often undertaken (see the radiology section).
A biopsy sample will be investigated under the microscope. The histopathologist identifies the characteristics of GISTs (spindle cells in 70-80%, epitheloid aspect in 20-30%). Smaller tumors can usually be found to the muscularis propria layer of the intestinal wall. Large ones grow, mainly outward, from the bowel wall until the point where they outstrip their blood supply and necrose (die) on the inside, forming a cavity t ...
See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis |
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| | | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology Investigators agree that GISTs probably arise from ICC cells (Interstitial Cajal Cells), that are normally part of the autonomic nervous system of the intestine. They serve a pacemaker function in controlling motility.
Most (50-80%) GISTs arise because of a mutation in a gene called c-kit. This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor for a growth factor termed scf (stem cell factor). The c-kit/CD117 receptor is expressed on ICCs and a large number of other cells, mainly bone marrow cells, mast cells, melanocytes and several others. In the gut, however, a mass staining ...
See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology |
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| | | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy Most small GISTs (<5 and especially <2 cm) with a low rate of mitosis (<5 dividing cells per 50 high-power fields) are benign and—after surgery—do not require adjuvant therapy.
Larger GISTs (>5 cm), and especially when the cell division rate is high (>6 mitoses/50 HPF), may disseminate and/or recur.
Until recently, GISTs were notorious for being resistant to chemotherapy, with a success rate of <5%. Recently, the c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Glivec®/Gleevec®), a drug initially markete ...
See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy |
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| | | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics Although some families with hereditary GISTs have been described, most cases are sporadic.
In GIST cells, the c-kit gene is mutated approximately 85% to 90% of the time. 35% of the GIST cells that do not have a mutated c-kit ("wild-type")have a mutation in another protein, PDGFR-alpha, which is very similar to kit. Mutations in the following exons of the c-kit gene are known to occur in GIST ...
See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics |
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| | | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology Barium fluoroscopic examinations ("upper GIs", "small bowel series" or "small bowel follow-through") and CT are commonly used to evaluate the patient with upper abdominal pain. Both are adequate to make the diagnosis of GIST, although small tumors may be missed, expecially in cases of a suboptimal examination.
Small GISTs appear as intramural masses. When large (> 5 cm), they most commonly grow outward from the bowel. Internal calcifications may be present. As the tumor outstrips its blood supply, it can necrose internally, creating a central fluid-filled cavity that can ...
See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology |
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| | | | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms Patients present with trouble swallowing, gastrointestinal hemorrhage or metastases (mainly in the liver). Intestinal obstruction is rare, due to the tumor's outward pattern of growth. Often, there is a history of vague abdominal pain or discomfort, and the tumor has become rather large by time the diagnosis is made.
Generally, the definitive diagnosis is made with a biopsy, which can be obtained endoscopically or at the time of surgery.
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See also:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Diagnosis, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Radiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Pathophysiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Genetics, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Therapy, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - History, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Sources Read more here: » Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Encyclopedia II - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - Signs and symptoms |
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