Gastroenterology

Gastroenterology or gastrology is the medical specialty concerned with the field of digestive diseases. Traditionally, these are traditionally separated by anatomic or functional category. For example, disorders of the esophagus might be listed under "esophagus" and also included in a description of motility disorders (disorders of motor function). List of signs and symptoms of gastroenterological diseases : constipation diarrhea vomiting nausea abdominal pain List of research fields in Gastroenterology : ...

Including:

• Gastroenterology - Important figures in Gastroenterology
• Gastroenterology - Gastroenterological Societies
• Gastroenterology - External link

Read more here: » Gastroenterology: Encyclopedia - Gastroenterology

In medicine (gastroenterology and hepatology), Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic vein. Budd-Chiari syndrome - Signs and symptoms. The syndrome presents with rapidly progressive abdominal pain, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites, and later the symptoms of hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes, encephalopathy. A slower-onset form of hepatic venous occlusion is also recognised; this can be painless. Often, the patient is known to have a tend ...

Including:

• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Signs and symptoms
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Diagnosis
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Causes
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Pathophysiology
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Treatment

Read more here: » Budd-Chiari syndrome

There is no "treatment" or "cure" to lactose intolerance, per se. There have been some cases where the intolerance has somehow diminished with time; this has not been studied scientifically, however, and whether it is a case of desensitization remains to be seen. It should be remembered that lactose intolerance is not a binary (all-or-nothing) condition: the reduction in lactase production, and hence, amount of lactose that can be tolerated varies from person to person, and may change with age. The management of lactose intolerance involves avoiding lactose-containing products, ...

See also:

Lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Biology, Lactose intolerance - Lactose intolerance by group, Lactose intolerance - Etiology, Lactose intolerance - Diagnosis, Lactose intolerance - Managing lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Avoiding lactose-containing products, Lactose intolerance - Alternative Products, Lactose intolerance - Lactase-enzyme Medication, Lactose intolerance - History

Read more here: » Lactose intolerance: Encyclopedia II - Lactose intolerance - Managing lactose intolerance

There is no "treatment" or "cure" to lactose intolerance, per se. There have been some cases where the intolerance has somehow diminished with time; this has not been studied scientifically, however, and whether it is a case of desensitization remains to be seen. It should be remembered that lactose intolerance is not an all or nothing condition: the reduction in lactase production and hence amount of lactose that can be tolerated varies from person to person, and may change with age, although almost always a change is for the negative. The ...

See also:

Lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Biology, Lactose intolerance - Lactose intolerance by group, Lactose intolerance - Etiology, Lactose intolerance - Diagnosis, Lactose intolerance - Managing lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Avoiding lactose-containing products, Lactose intolerance - Alternative Products, Lactose intolerance - Lactase-enzyme Medication, Lactose intolerance - History

Read more here: » Lactose intolerance: Encyclopedia II - Lactose intolerance - Managing lactose intolerance

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. It is commonly due to impaction (sticking) of a gallstone within the neck of the gall bladder, leading to inspissation of bile, bile stasis, and infection by gut organisms. Cholecystitis may be a cause of right upper quadrant pain. The pain may actually manifest in the right flank or scapular region at first. In severe cases, the gall bladder can rupture and form an abscess. In severe cases, it may lead to a life-threatening infection of the liver called cholangitis. In other cases, it ...

Including:

• Cholecystitis - Diagnosis
• Cholecystitis - Radiology
• Cholecystitis - References
• Cholecystitis - Therapy
• Cholecystitis - Complications
• Cholecystitis - of cholecystitis
• Cholecystitis - of cholecystectomy

Read more here: » Cholecystitis: Encyclopedia - Cholecystitis

A barostat is a pneumatic pump used in Neurogastroenterology research. Its main principle is providing constant pressures in a balloon by means of a piston pump. It is used for measuring gut wall tension or sensory thresholds in the gut. A specially designed instrument is needed in Neurogastroenterology research since the gut wall has an outstanding capacity to expand and contract spontaneously and by reflex. When this occurs, a balloon placed anywhere in the gut has to be inflated or deflated very rapidly in order t ...

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Coeliac disease (also called celiac disease, non-tropical sprue, c(o)eliac sprue and gluten intolerance) is a digestive disorder. It is characterised by damage or flattening to all or part of the villi lining the small intestine, causing scar tissue that cannot absorb nutrients. This damage is caused by exposure to gluten and related proteins found in wheat, rye, malt, barley and oats. Coeliac disease - Signs and symptoms. Damage to the villi reduces the ability of the intestines ...

Including:

• Coeliac disease - Signs and symptoms
• Coeliac disease - Diagnosis
• Coeliac disease - Tests
• Coeliac disease - Biopsy appearance
• Coeliac disease - Causes
• Coeliac disease - Pathophysiology
• Coeliac disease - Treatment
• Coeliac disease - Epidemiology
• Coeliac disease - Social impact
• Coeliac disease - Lifelong diet
• Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and the Eucharist
• Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and Passover
• Coeliac disease - Footnotes

Read more here: » Coeliac disease: Encyclopedia - Coeliac disease

Medical ultrasonography (sonography) is an ultrasound-based diagnostic imaging technique used to visualize internal organs, their size, structure and any pathological lesions. Medical ultrasonography - Uses. Ultrasonography (sonography) is widely utilized in medicine. It is possible to perform diagnosis or therapeutic procedures with the guidance of ultrasonography (for instance biopsies or drainage of fluid collections). Typically uses a hand-held probe (often called a scan head) that is placed dire ...

Including:

• Medical ultrasonography - Uses
• Medical ultrasonography - Instrumentation
• Medical ultrasonography - Doppler sonography
• Medical ultrasonography - Strengths and weaknesses
• Medical ultrasonography - Strengths of sonography
• Medical ultrasonography - Weaknesses of ultrasound imaging
• Medical ultrasonography - History
• Medical ultrasonography - United States
• Medical ultrasonography - Sweden
• Medical ultrasonography - Scotland

Read more here: » Medical ultrasonography: Encyclopedia - Medical ultrasonography

Chronic pancreatitis can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption. The causes of relapsing chronic pancreatitis are similar to those of acute pancreatitis, though gallstone-associated pancreatitis is predominantly acute or relapsing-acute in nature, and more cases of chronic pancreatitis are of undetermined or idiopathic origin. Patients with chronic pancreatitis can present with persistent abdominal pain or steatorrhea (diarrhea resul ...

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Medicine is the branch of health science concerned with maintaining human health or restoring it through the treatment of disease and injury. It is both an area of knowledge – a science of body systems, their diseases and treatment – and the applied practice of that knowledge. The practice of medical care is shared between the medical profession (physicians or doctors) and other groups of professionals such as nurses and pharmacists (sometimes known as allied health professionals). Historically, only th ...

Including:

• Medicine - History of medicine
• Medicine - Practice of medicine
• Medicine - Healthcare delivery systems
• Medicine - Patient-doctor relationship
• Medicine - Clinical skills
• Medicine - Settings where medical care is delivered
• Medicine - Branches of medicine
• Medicine - Basic sciences
• Medicine - Diagnostic specialties
• Medicine - Clinical disciplines
• Medicine - Interdisciplinary fields
• Medicine - Medical education
• Medicine - Medical devices
• Medicine - Legal restrictions
• Medicine - Criticism

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Wilson's disease or lentigohepatic degeneration is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease, with an incidence of about 1 in 30,000. Its main feature is accumulation of copper in tissues, which manifests itself with neurological symptoms and liver disease. The estimated heterozygous carrier rate is about 1 in 90, meaning that 1 in 90 people are unaffected carriers of this mutation. The disease affects men and women equally and occurs in all races. Wilson's disease - Description. The Wilson's dise ...

Including:

• Wilson's disease - Description
• Wilson's disease - Symptoms and signs
• Wilson's disease - Clinical features
• Wilson's disease - Hepatic
• Wilson's disease - Psychiatric
• Wilson's disease - Neurologic
• Wilson's disease - Renal
• Wilson's disease - Ophthalmologic
• Wilson's disease - Cardiovascular
• Wilson's disease - Dermatological
• Wilson's disease - Diagnosis
• Wilson's disease - Treatment
• Wilson's disease - Source

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Campylobacteriosis is among the most common bacterial infections of humans. It produces an inflammatory, sometimes bloody, diarrhea or dysentery syndrome. It is responsible for proctocolitis in participants of anoreceptive intercourse, bacteremia in AIDS patients and other immunocompromised patients, and travelers' diarrhea. Helicobacter pylori is closely related to Campylobacter and causes peptic ulcer disease. Campylobacteriosis - Epidemiology. An estimated 2 million cases of Campylobacte ...

Including:

• Campylobacteriosis - Epidemiology
• Campylobacteriosis - Pathophysiology
• Campylobacteriosis - Features
• Campylobacteriosis - Diagnosis
• Campylobacteriosis - Treatment
• Campylobacteriosis - Prognosis
• Campylobacteriosis - Prevention

Read more here: » Campylobacteriosis: Encyclopedia - Campylobacteriosis

Biliary atresia is a rare condition in newborn children in which the biliary tract between the liver and the intestine is blocked or absent. If unrecognised, the condition leads to liver failure but not (as one might think) to kernicterus. It has no known cause, and the only effective treatment is by surgery. Biliary atresia - Symptoms and diagnosis. Initially, the symptoms are indistinguishable from neonatal jaundice, a common phenomenon. Prolonged jaundice that is resistant to phototherapy and/or exchange ...

Including:

• Biliary atresia - Symptoms and diagnosis
• Biliary atresia - Pathophysiology
• Biliary atresia - Treatment
• Biliary atresia - Links
• Biliary atresia - Research Links
• Biliary atresia - Support groups

Read more here: » Biliary atresia: Encyclopedia - Biliary atresia

The English suffix -ology or -logy denotes a field of study or academic discipline, and -ologist describes a person who studies that field. -logy - Etymology. The word ology is a back-formation from the names of these disciplines. "-logy" basically means "the study of ____". Such words are formed from Greek or Latin roots with the terminal -logy derived from the Greek suffix -λογια (-logia), speaking, from λεγειν (legein), ...

Including:

• -logy - Etymology
• -logy - Other words ending in ology
• -logy - Usage
• -logy - List of -ologies
• -logy - A
• -logy - B
• -logy - C
• -logy - D
• -logy - E
• -logy - F
• -logy - G
• -logy - H
• -logy - I
• -logy - J
• -logy - K
• -logy - L
• -logy - M
• -logy - N
• -logy - O
• -logy - P
• -logy - R
• -logy - S
• -logy - T
• -logy - U
• -logy - V
• -logy - X
• -logy - Z
• -logy - Ologies that are not fields of study

Read more here: » -logy: Encyclopedia - -logy

Acid indigestion is a type of indigestion involving an excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Frequent occurrence of acid indigestion can lead to aggravation of the duodenum or to an aggravation of the lining of the stomach, both of which can lead to ulcers which can be life-threatening. It should be distinguished from heartburn, which typically involves aggravation of the esophagus. Common contributors to acid indigestion are: Eating foods with too much fat in them. Eating foods with too much spice i ...

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In medicine (gastroenterology and hepatology), Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic vein. Budd-Chiari syndrome - Signs and symptoms. The syndrome presents with rapidly progressive abdominal pain, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), ascites, and later the symptoms of hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes, encephalopathy. A slower-onset form of hepatic venous occlusion is also recognised; this can be painless. Often, the patient is known to have a tend ...

Including:

• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Signs and symptoms
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Diagnosis
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Causes
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Pathophysiology
• Budd-Chiari syndrome - Treatment

Read more here: » Budd-Chiari syndrome: Encyclopedia - Budd-Chiari syndrome

An enema (plural enemata or enemas) is the procedure of introducing liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus. Enemas can be carried out for medical reasons, as part of alternative therapies, and also for erotic purposes, particularly as part of BDSM activities. In earlier times, they were often known as clysters. Enema - Medical usage. The main medical usages of enemas are: As a laxative. The patient expels feces along with the enema in the toilet after administration. Enema ...

Including:

• Enema - Medical usage
• Enema - Non-medical usage
• Enema - Colonic irrigation
• Enema - Ritual use
• Enema - References and further reading

Read more here: » Enema: Encyclopedia - Enema

A bolus (from Latin bolus, ball), in biology, is any kind of ball-shaped organic structure of an organism or of its discharged substances. When it comes to drugs, a bolus is a large dose of a drug that is given (usually intravenously by direct infusion injection or gravity drip) at the beginning of treatment to raise blood-level concentrations to a therapeutic level. The term is also used for any fairly large quantity of matter making its way through the digestive tract. In some technical domains it is used to des ...

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Since the majority of Europeans have the mutation rendering them lactose-tolerant, lactose intolerance is widely regarded as a medical condition in Europe and North America. A fair proportion of patients with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome actually have lactose intolerance without knowing it. A simple test can clarify the issue: after an overnight fast, 50 grams of lactose (in a solution with water) is to be swallowed. If the lactose cannot be digested, enteric bacteria will metabolize it and produce hydrogen. This can be detected in the air the patient exhales. The test takes about 2 to 3 hours. A medical condition ...

See also:

Lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Biology, Lactose intolerance - Lactose intolerance by group, Lactose intolerance - Etiology, Lactose intolerance - Diagnosis, Lactose intolerance - Managing lactose intolerance, Lactose intolerance - Avoiding lactose-containing products, Lactose intolerance - Alternative Products, Lactose intolerance - Lactase-enzyme Medication, Lactose intolerance - History

Read more here: » Lactose intolerance: Encyclopedia II - Lactose intolerance - Diagnosis

In medicine (gastroenterology), ascites is a accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Although unpleasant, it is not intrinsically harmful. Nevertheless, its causes and complications are both significant medical problems. Ascites - Signs and symptoms. Mild ascites is hard to notice, but severe ascites leads to abdominal distension. In patients with ascites, a doctor will attempt to identify causes, such as a history of liver disease, other signs of portal hypertension or signs of tuberculosis or neph ...

Including:

• Ascites - Signs and symptoms
• Ascites - Diagnosis
• Ascites - Classification
• Ascites - Pathophysiology
• Ascites - Causes
• Ascites - Treatment
• Ascites - Cultural significance
• Ascites - Source

Read more here: » Ascites: Encyclopedia - Ascites