Gagauz - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Gagauz: Encyclopedia Ii - Gagauz - History
Gagauz - Early history and settlement in Bessarabia. Ancestors of the Gagauz can be traced to the early nomadic tribes, Guzi and Uzi (a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bessarabia: Encyclopedia - Bessarabia
Bessarabia or Bessarabiya (Basarabia in Romanian, Besarabya in Turkish) was the name by which the Imperial Russia designated the eastern ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia - Balkans
The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of south-eastern Europe. The region has a combined area of 728,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - U Cyrillic: Encyclopedia - U Cyrillic
U (У, у) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, representing the vowel /u/. In few languages similar (but not the same) letters are used...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moldavian Ssr: Encyclopedia Ii - Moldavian Ssr - History
Previously, on October 12, 1924 the Soviet Union set up an autonomous Moldavian ASSR as a part of the Ukrainian SSR between Dniester and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Languages - F
Faeroese (Germanic) Fars (Iranian) Fijian Filipino Finnish (Finno-Ugric) Finnish Sign Language Fon French Créole French (Romance) Fren...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Grammar
Turkish has an abundance of suffixes, but no prefixes (apart from the reduplicating intensifier prefix as in beyaz="white", bembeyaz="ver...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - History
Middle Bronze Age 19-15th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Dobruja: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Dobruja - Modern Age
The Constanţa-Cernavoda railroad was opened in 1860. The centuries of Ottoman rule led to the colonisation of Dobruja with Turks and to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkan Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkan Languages - Indo-european Languages
Balkan languages - Romance languages. Romanian Aromanian Meglenitic Italian (on the Adriatic coast) Ladino (in Greece and Turkey) Ba...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Medieval History
The greatest Moldavian prince was Ştefan cel Mare, or Stefan the Great (ruled 1457-1504). With his army of boyars and retainers, Stefan ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Origins
The Oghuz Turks have perhaps been the most successful branch of Turkic peoples and families. Their history as kings, statesmen, warriors,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Southern Dobruja: Encyclopedia Ii - Southern Dobruja - History
At the beginning of the modern era, Southern Dobruja had a mixed population of Bulgarians and Turks with several smaller minorities, incl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - History
Main article: History of Moldova Moldova's territory was inhabited in ancient times by Dacians. Strategical location due to the situation...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pecheneg: Encyclopedia Ii - Pecheneg - Origins And Area
According to one theory, the Pechenegs originated from the Wusun people of Central Asia, recorded in Chinese chronicles in the early cent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bessarabia: Encyclopedia Ii - Bessarabia - History
The name Bessarabia (Basarabia in Romanian) probably derives from the Wallachian family of Basarab, who once ruled over the southern part...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Ethnic Groups
The Russian Federation is home to as many as 160 different ethnic groups and indigenous peoples. As of the 2002 census, 79.83% of the pop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Definitions And Boundaries
Balkans - Balkan Peninsula. The Balkans are sometimes referred to as the "Balkan Peninsula" as they are surrounded by water on three si...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Religion
Various pre-Islamic Turkic civilizations of the 6th century were Shamanist and Tengriist. The Shamanist religion is based on spiritual an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Grammar
Turkish has an abundance of suffixes, but no native prefixes (apart from the reduplicating intensifier prefix as in beyaz="white", bembey...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - History
Middle Bronze Age 19-15th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Turkish World And Pan-turkism
Some refer to the Turkic countries, regions and peoples as part of the Turkish World. Others are worried that this is a result and exampl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - Use Of The Greek Alphabet For Other Languages
The primary use of the Greek alphabet has always been to write the Greek language and related dialects (including Ancient Macedonian). Ho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - Greek Encodings
A variety of encodings have been used for Greek online, many of them documented in RFC 1947 "Greek Character Encoding for Electronic Mail...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - Main Table
The Greek letters and their derivations are as follows (pronunciations transcribed using the International Phonetic Alphabet): For detai...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Sounds
One characteristic feature of Turkish is vowel harmony, meaning that the same word will have either front or back vowels, but not both. F...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Geographic Distribution
Turkish is spoken in Turkey and by minorities in 35 other countries. In particular, Turkish is used in countries that formerly (in whole ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Classification
Turkish is a member of the Turkish family of languages, which includes Gagauz, and Khorasani Turkish in addition to Osmanli Turkish. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Vocabulary
For more details on this topic, see Turkish vocabulary. Turkish has the resources for building up many new words from old: from nouns:...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Translations For Turk
Afrikaans Turk. Albanian turk. Arabic ‏التركي. Assyrian Turk. Bulgarian турчин. Chinese 突厥. Czech turek. Danish tyrker....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - World War Ii
Formerly ruled by Romania as part of the principality of Moldavia, Eastern Moldova was occupied by the Soviet Union (with consent from Na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Nature And Natural Resources
Most of the area is covered by mountain ranges running from south-west to north-east. The main ranges are the Dinaric Alps in Slovenia, C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pecheneg: Encyclopedia Ii - Pecheneg - History And Decline
From the 9th century AD, the Pechenegs started an uneasy relationship with Kievan Rus. For more than two centuries they launched random r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pecheneg: Encyclopedia Ii - Pecheneg - Alliance With Byzantium
In the 9th century, the Byzantines became allied with the Pechenegs, using them to fend off other, more dangerous tribes such as the Vara...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Turks (12.3 million, 11 million of them inhabiting Turkish Thrace), Greeks (10.5 million, wi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Greeks (10.5 million, with about 10 million of them being in Greece), Turks (9.2 million in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Geographic Distribution
Turkish is spoken in Turkey and by minorities in 35 other countries. In particular, Turkish is used in countries that formerly (in whole ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkish Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkish Language - Classification
Turkish is a member of the Turkish family of languages, which includes Gagauz, and Khorasani Turkish in addition to Osmanli Turkish. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - History
It is generally believed that the first Turkic people were native to Central Asia. Some scholars consider the Huns as one of the earlier ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Moldavian Ssr: Encyclopedia Ii - Moldavian Ssr - Culture
Much of the pre-WWII elite of Moldova (the "intellectuals" and the "bourgeoisie"), as well as hundreds of thousands of ordinary people we...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Post Independence: 1993 To 1998
Starting 1993, Moldova began to distance itself from Romania. The constitution adopted in 1994 used the term "Moldovan language" instead ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Beginning Of The Soviet Period
After the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Declaration of Rights of Peoples of Russia encouraged the various nationalities in the Russi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Commonwealth Interventions
Main article: Magnate wars in Moldavia In the beginning of the 17th century, magnates of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth intervened in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Dobruja: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Dobruja - Medieval Age
In the late 7th century the region was conquered and settled by the Bulgars, turning into the heartland of the medieval Bulgarian state. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Physical Appearance
Some historians consider "Turkic" as a linguistic categorization, rather than a strictly ethnic characterization. This is unsurprising, s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Postwar Reestablishment Of Soviet Control
The territory stayed within the USSR after WWII as the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic and the state had a brutal denationalization p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Independence
During the 1991 August coup d'état in Moscow against Mikhail Gorbachev, commanders of the Soviet Union's Southwestern Theater of Militar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Secession Of Gagauzia And Transnistria
In August the Gagauz declared a separate "Gagauz Republic" (Gagauz-Yeri) in the south, around the city of Comrat. In September the people...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Moldova - Increasing Self-expression
In this climate of openness, political self-assertion escalated in the Moldavian SSR in 1988. The year 1989 saw the formation of the Mold...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Dobruja: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Dobruja - Ancient Times
Main article: Scythia Minor The region was inhabited from early times by Getae-Dacians. In the 7th and 6th centuries BC several Greek col...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Nomenclature
In modern Turkey, a distinction is made between "Turks" and the "Turkic peoples": the term Türk corresponds specifically to Turkish peop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Languages - X
/Xam Xhosa Xiang, (Hunanese) or (Hsiang) Xibe !Xóõ !Xu (!Kung) (Khoisan) ... See also:List of languages, List of languages - A, L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Languages - W
Waddar Wakhi (Iranian) Walloon (Romance) Waneci Wapishana Waray-Waray Washo Welsh (Celtic) West Yurghur Western Neo-Aramaic (Semitic) W...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - Greek Encodings
A variety of encodings have been used for Greek online, many of them documented in RFC 1947 "Greek Character Encoding for Electronic Mail...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Languages - Y
Yaaku language Yaeyama language Yakut Yankunytjatjara language Yanomami Yanyuwa language Yapese Yaqui language Yauma language Yazdi (Ir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Languages - Z
Only some major languages are listed here. See List of languages by name: Z for about 50 more. Záparo (Saparoan) Zapotec (Oto-Manguean...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Relations With Romania And The European Union
Moldova's relationship with Romania, which is set to become a European Union (EU) member in 2007, has also been strained, with Moldova pu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Politics
Main article: Politics of Moldova The unicameral Moldovan parliament, or Parlament, has 101 seats, and its members are elected by popular...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - National Symbols
Republic of Moldova - Flag. The Moldovan flag is similar to the flag of Romania, with the same color, but with the addition of a coat o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Alphabet - Use Of The Greek Alphabet For Other Languages
The primary use of the Greek alphabet has always been to write the Greek language and related dialects (including Ancient Macedonian). Ho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Main Cities
Moscow is the largest city (population 10.1 million) and is the capital of the Federation. Moscow continues to be the center of Russian G...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Population Composition By Nationality And Religion
The region's principal nationalities include Greeks (10.5 million, with about 10 million of them being in Greece), Turks (9.2 million in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - History And Geopolitical Significance
The Balkan region was the first area of Europe to experience the arrival of farming cultures in the Neolithic era. The practices of growi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - Balkans - Nature And Natural Resources
Most of the area is covered by mountain ranges running from south-west to north-east. The main ranges are the Dinaric Alps in Slovenia, C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bessarabia: Encyclopedia Ii - Bessarabia - Geography
Bessarabia was in the Russian Empire administrative system a region of Central Europe comprising most of current-day Moldova and addition...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Population
As of 2002, Russia had approximately 145 million inhabitants, roughly 103 million in the European part, and 42 million in the Asian part....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Health
As of 2004, average life expectancy in Russia was 59 years for males and 72 years for females. The biggest factor that contributes to low...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Education
Main article: Education in Russia Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 100% female: 97% (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Demographics Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Demographics Of Russia - Religion
According to a 2002 survey by the All-Russia Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM), more than two-thirds of respondents describ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Administrative Divisions
Main article: Administrative divisions of Moldova Moldova is divided into 32 districts (raion, pl. raioane), 3 municipalities (Chişinău...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Geography
Main article: Geography of Moldova The largest part of the country lies between two rivers, the Nistru and the Prut. Moldova's rich soil ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Literature
Oghuz Turkish literature includes the famous Book of Dede Korkut which was UNESCO's 2000 literacy work of the year, as well as the Oguzna...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Turcoman & Turkmen
The terms "Turkmen" and "Turcoman" were often used as a designation for the Muslim-Oghhuz Turks (Azerbaijanis, Turks of Turkey, central A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Homeland In Transoxiana
In the 8th century, the Oghuz Turks made a new home and domain for themselves in the area between the Caspian and Aral seas, a region tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Geographical Distribution
The Turkic peoples have many different branches, and their total population is around 150 million. Roughly half of these belong to Turks ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Turkic Roots
The term "Turk" was first officially used as a political name in the 6th century. Turkic nationalists claim that the expansion of proto-T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Language
Main article: Turkic languages The Turkic language branch belong to Altaic language groups. The various Turkic languages are usually cons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - History
It is generally believed that the first Turkic people were native to Central Asia. Some scholars consider the Huns as one of the earlier ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Traditions About Nomenclature
In the ancient Zoroastrian text, the Zend-Avesta, one of the grandsons of Yima (comparable to Noah as the sole survivor of a catastrophe ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Social Unit
The militarism that their empires were very well known for was rooted in their centuries-long nomadic lifestyle. In general they were a h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Anthropology
The Oghuz Turks are considered by some historians as genetically, culturally and linguistically "the purest of Turks". According to Lev G...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Language
The official language is Moldovan; this is by all accounts a form of Daco-Romanian, and is essentially the same as Romanian. There is no ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Demographics
(according to the 2004 census) Moldovans/Romanians: 78.2% Ukrainians: 8.4% Russians: 5.8% Gagauz: 4.4% Bulgarians: 1.9% Others: 1.3% ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Economy
Main article: Economy of Moldova Moldova enjoys a favorable climate and good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result, the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Comparison With Romanian
The sample below taken from the Constitutions of Moldova and Romania proves that a formal text in Romanian and Moldovan is identical. Sta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Information Technologies And Telecommunications
In 2004, the investments volume on the telecommunications and information market in the Republic of Moldova increased by 30.1% in compari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oghuz Turks: Encyclopedia Ii - Oghuz Turks - Name
The name Oghuz is derived from the words "arrow" and "tribes." The depiction of an archer shooting an arrow was the flag of the Seljuk Em...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turkic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Turkic Peoples - Geographical Distribution And Ethnic Division
The distribution of peoples of Turkic cultural background ranges from Siberia where the Yakut reside, across Central Asia, to Eastern Eur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Gallery
Triumphal Arc - Center of Chisinau, Chişinău Gates of Chişinău, Chişinău Moldavian Orthodox church ... See also:Republic of Moldo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Republic Of Moldova: Encyclopedia Ii - Republic Of Moldova - Culture
Main article: Culture of Moldova Moldova is inhabited primarly by people of Romanian culture. Under Ceauşescu, Romania periodically made...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gagauz: Encyclopedia Ii - Gagauz - Geographic Distribution
Gagauz people have settlements in the Ukrainian regions of Odessa and Zaporizhzhia, as well as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kabard...   » Read the article