Fête de la Fédération - Preparation of the feast: the Journée des brouettes. The event took place on the Champ de Mars, which was at the time far outside Paris. The place had been transformed on a voluntary basis by the population of Paris itself, in what was recalled as the Journée des brouettes ("Wheelbarrow Day"). Two 400 000 spectator earth steps were build on each side of the field (they remained there until the Second Empire. The Seine was crossed by a ship bridge leading to an alt ...

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Fête de la Fédération, Fête de la Fédération - The Fête de la Fédération, Fête de la Fédération - Preparation of the feast: the Journée des brouettes, Fête de la Fédération - Official Celebration, Fête de la Fédération - Popular feast, Fête de la Fédération - Reaction in foreign countries, Fête de la Fédération - Trivia

Read more here: » Fête de la Fédération: Encyclopedia II - Fête de la Fédération - The Fête de la Fédération

Bastille Day is the French national holiday, celebrated on 14 July each year. It is called Fête Nationale (National Holiday) in France. It commemorates the 1790 Fête de la Fédération, held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789; the Fête de la Fédération was seen as a symbol of the uprising of the modern French "nation," and of the reconciliation of all the French inside the constitutional monarchy which preceded the First Republic, during the French Revolution. < ...

Including:

• Bastille Day - Current festivities
• Bastille Day - History of the celebration
• Bastille Day - Discourse by Henri Martin to the Senate
• Bastille Day - Historical background
• Bastille Day - The Storming of the Bastille
• Bastille Day - The Fête de la Fédération
• Bastille Day - Other References

Read more here: » Bastille Day: Encyclopedia - Bastille Day

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (February 2, 1754 - May 17, 1838) was a French diplomat. He worked successfully from the regime of Louis XVI, through the revolution and then under Napoleon I, Louis XVIII and Louis-Philippe. Known since the turn of the 19th century simply by the name Talleyrand, he is widely regarded as one of the most versatile and influential diplomats in European history, although he was known to accept bribes from other European powers, especially while serving under Napoleon. Charles M ...

Including:

• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life
• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution
• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire
• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration
• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

The Bastille was a prison in Paris, known formally as Bastille Saint-Antoine—Number 232, Rue Saint-Antoine. The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution. The event was commemorated one year later by the Fête de la Fédération. The French national holiday, celebrated annually on July 14 is officially the Fête Nationale, and officially commemorates the Fête de la Fédération, but it is commonly known in English as Bastille Day. < ...

Including:

• Bastille - Early history
• Bastille - Storming
• Bastille - Historical assessment
• Bastille - Famous prisoners
• Bastille - Demolition
• Bastille - The area today

Read more here: » Bastille: Encyclopedia - Bastille

The Champ de Mars is a large public green-space in Paris, France, located in the 7th arrondissement, between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the École Militaire to the southeast. The name means "Field of Mars", from Mars the Roman god of war, because it was originally used for military training. It was probably named after the Campus Martius of Rome. During the French Revolution, the Champ de Mars was the setting of the Fête de la Fédération, on the 14 July 1790. It was also the setting of a massacre on ...

Including:

• Champ de Mars - Montreal

Read more here: » Champ de Mars: Encyclopedia - Champ de Mars

The insurgents invaded the Hôtel des Invalides to gather arms, and then attacked the Bastille. At this point, the jail was nearly empty, housing only seven inmates: four forgers, two "lunatics" and one "deviant" aristocrat, the Comte de Solages. The attackers were mainly seeking to acquire the large quantities of arms and ammunition stored there - on the 14th there were over 13,600 kg (30,000 lb) of gunpowder stored at the Bastille. The garrison, reinforced on the 7th, consisted of just 32 men of the Salis-Samade regiment together with 82 o ...

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Storming of the Bastille, Storming of the Bastille - Background, Storming of the Bastille - Necker's dismissal, Storming of the Bastille - Armed conflict, Storming of the Bastille - The Bastille is stormed, Storming of the Bastille - Aftermath, Storming of the Bastille - Fiction

Read more here: » Storming of the Bastille: Encyclopedia II - Storming of the Bastille - The Bastille is stormed

14 July is the French national day, simply called Fête nationale or 14 juillet (though it is generally referred to as Bastille Day in English). Many cities hold fireworks during the night. It is also customary that firefighters organise dancing parties (bals du 14 juillet). The day officially celebrates the 1790 Fête de la Fédération, though it is often associated, even in France, with the Storming of the Bastille. Military parades are held on the morning of 14 July, the largest of which takes place on the Champs-Élysées avenue ...

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Bastille Day, Bastille Day - Current festivities, Bastille Day - History of the celebration, Bastille Day - Discourse by Henri Martin to the Senate, Bastille Day - Historical background, Bastille Day - The Storming of the Bastille, Bastille Day - The Fête de la Fédération, Bastille Day - Other References

Read more here: » Bastille Day: Encyclopedia II - Bastille Day - Current festivities

Built around 1370 as part of the defences of Paris, the structure was converted into a prison in the 15th century by Charles VI. At that time it primarily housed political prisoners, but also religious prisoners, "seditious" writers, and young rakes held at the request of their families. It began to acquire a poor reputation when it became the main prison for those taken under lettres de cachet issued by the Bourbon kings. By the late 18th century, the building was made up of eight close-packed towers, around 24 m (80 feet) hig ...

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Bastille, Bastille - Early history, Bastille - Storming, Bastille - Historical assessment, Bastille - Famous prisoners, Bastille - Demolition, Bastille - The area today

Read more here: » Bastille: Encyclopedia II - Bastille - Early history

She was born to a Scottish mother, Helen Hay, and a Welsh army officer father, Charles Williams. Sources variously give her birth as 1761 or 1762. Her father died when she was eight; the remnant of the family moved to Berwick-upon-Tweed, where she had what she herself would describe in the preface to a 1786 book of poems as "a confined education" [2]. In 1781 she moved to London and met Andrew Kippis, who would have great influence on her literary career and political views and brought her into contact with ...

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Helen Maria Williams, Helen Maria Williams - Life, Helen Maria Williams - Works, Helen Maria Williams - Poetry, Helen Maria Williams - Novels, Helen Maria Williams - Letters, Helen Maria Williams - Other non-fiction, Helen Maria Williams - Translations

Read more here: » Helen Maria Williams: Encyclopedia II - Helen Maria Williams - Life

In the Estates-General of 1789, he represented the clergy, the First Estate. During the French Revolution, he supported the revolutionary cause. He assisted Mirabeau in the secularization of ecclesiastical properties. He participated in the writing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and proposed the Civil Constitution of the Clergy that nationalized the Church, and was the person to swear in the first two constitutional bishops, though he had himself resigned as Bishop following his excommunication by Pope Pius VI. Notably, he promoted the public education in full spirit of Enlightenment. He celebrated the m ...

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Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution

In the Estates-General of 1789, he represented the clergy, the First Estate. During the French Revolution he supported the revolutionary cause. He assisted Mirabeau in the secularization of ecclesiastical properties. He participated the writing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and proposed the Civil Constitution of the Clergy that nationalized the Church, and was the person to swear in the first two constitutional bishops, though he had himself resigned as Bishop following his excommunication by Pope Pius VI. Notably, he promoted the public education in full spirit of Enlightenment. He celebrated the m ...

See also:

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution

The citizenry of Paris, expecting a counterattack, entrenched the streets, built barricades of paving stones, and armed themselves as well as they could, especially with improvised pikes. Meanwhile, at Versailles, the Assembly remained ignorant of most of the Paris events, but eminently aware that Marshal de Broglie stood on the brink of unleashing a pro-Royalist coup to force the Assembly to adopt the order of June 23 [3] and then to dissolve. The Viscount de Noailles apparently first brought reasonably accurate news of the Paris events to Versailles. M. Ganilh and Bancal-des-Issarts, de ...

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Storming of the Bastille, Storming of the Bastille - Background, Storming of the Bastille - Necker's dismissal, Storming of the Bastille - Armed conflict, Storming of the Bastille - The Bastille is stormed, Storming of the Bastille - Aftermath, Storming of the Bastille - Fiction

Read more here: » Storming of the Bastille: Encyclopedia II - Storming of the Bastille - Aftermath

In March 1804, he was involved in the kidnapping and execution of the Duke of Enghien. In response to those events, and once again, to avert any blame from himself, he made what was perhaps his most famous quip: "That was worse than a crime; it was a mistake". In May 1804, Napoleon made him Grand Chamberlain and Vice-elector of the Empire. During this year, Talleyrand also bought the Chateau Valençay. In 1806, he was made Sovereign Prince of Benevento (or Bénévent). Talleyrand was against the crude treatment of Prussia in the Peace of Til ...

See also:

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire

When Napoleon was succeeded by Louis XVIII in April 1814, Talleyrand was one of the key creators of the restoration of the Bourbons while opposing the new legislation of Louis's rule. Tsar Alexander would probably not have leaned that way, but Talleyrand wanted the restoration of Louis XVIII. Talleyrand was the chief French negotiator at the Congress of Vienna, and, in that same year, he signed the Treaty of Paris. It was due, in part, to his skills that the terms of the treaty were remarkably lenient towards France. At the start, only four ...

See also:

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration

Main article: Storming of the Bastille. The confrontation between the commoners and the ancien régime ultimately led to the people of Paris storming the Bastille on July 14, 1789, following several days of disturbances. At this point, the jail was nearly empty, with only seven inmates: four counterfeiters, two madmen, and a young aristocrat who had displeased his father. The regular garrison consisted of about 80 invalides (veteran soldiers no longer capable of service in the field) under Governor Bernard-René d ...

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Bastille, Bastille - Early history, Bastille - Storming, Bastille - Historical assessment, Bastille - Famous prisoners, Bastille - Demolition, Bastille - The area today

Read more here: » Bastille: Encyclopedia II - Bastille - Storming

In March 1804, he may have been involved in the kidnapping and execution of the Duke of Enghien; this remains one of history's great mysteries. It is an accusation made by Napoleon, and seconded much later by Chateaubriand, but the charge is both out of character (Talleyrand consistently advocated against violence, most notably speaking out against the guillotine, and and during the Coup Brumaire, assuring that Barras could leave Paris safely), and the question remains: Why would he advocate such a measure? While the killing of the duc d'Eng ...

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Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire

During the reign of king Louis XVI, France was forced to confront a major financial crisis which had been brewing for decades. On May 5, 1789, the Estates-General of 1789 convened to deal with this issue, but was held back by archaic protocols and the conservatism of the Second Estate. On June 17, 1789, the representatives of the Third Estate reconstituted themselves as the National Assembly, a body whose purpose was the creation of a French constitution. The king initially opposed this development, but was forced to acknowledge the authority of the assembly, which subsequently rena ...

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Storming of the Bastille, Storming of the Bastille - Background, Storming of the Bastille - Necker's dismissal, Storming of the Bastille - Armed conflict, Storming of the Bastille - The Bastille is stormed, Storming of the Bastille - Aftermath, Storming of the Bastille - Fiction

Read more here: » Storming of the Bastille: Encyclopedia II - Storming of the Bastille - Background

When Napoleon was succeeded by Louis XVIII in April 1814, Talleyrand was one of the key creators of the restoration of the Bourbons while opposing the new legislation of Louis's rule. Tsar Alexander would probably not have leaned that way, but Talleyrand wanted the restoration of Louis XVIII. Talleyrand was the chief French negotiator at the Congress of Vienna, and in that same year he signed the Treaty of Paris. It was due, in part, to his skills that the terms of the treaty were remarkably lenient towards France. At the start, only four co ...

See also:

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration

In March 1804 he was involved in the kidnapping and execution of the Duke of Enghien; in response to those events, and once again, to avert any blame from himself, he made what was perhaps his most famous quip: "That was worse than a crime; it was a mistake". In May 1804 Napoleon made him Grand Chamberlain and Vice-elector of the Empire; during this year, Talleyrand also bought the Chateau Valençay. In 1806 he was made Sovereign Prince of Benevento (or Bénévent). Talleyrand was against the crude treatment of Prussia in the Peace of Tilsit ...

See also:

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Early Life, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Revolution, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Restoration, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - Character traits

Read more here: » Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Encyclopedia II - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand - French Empire

On 30 June 1878, a feast had been set in Paris by official decision to honour the Republic (the event was immortalised by a painting by Claude Monet). On the 14 July 1879, another feast took place, with a semi-official aspect; the events of the day included a military review in Longchamp, a reception in the Chambre of Deputies, organised and presided by Léon Gambetta, and a Republican Feast in the pré Catelan with Louis Blanc and Victor Hugo. All through France, as Le Figaro wrot ...

See also:

Bastille Day, Bastille Day - Current festivities, Bastille Day - History of the celebration, Bastille Day - Discourse by Henri Martin to the Senate, Bastille Day - Historical background, Bastille Day - The Storming of the Bastille, Bastille Day - The Fête de la Fédération, Bastille Day - Other References

Read more here: » Bastille Day: Encyclopedia II - Bastille Day - History of the celebration