In the human brain, the central sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe along the top of each cerebral cortex. The lateral sulcus separates the inferior frontal gyrus of lower frontal lobes from the temporal lobes. The frontal lobe can be divided into a lateral, polar (frontalmost), orbital (above the orbit; also called basal), and medial part. Each of these parts consists of particular gyri: Lateral part: Precentral gyrus, lateral part of the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal ...

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Frontal lobe, Frontal lobe - Anatomy, Frontal lobe - Function, Frontal lobe - Psychosurgery

Read more here: » Frontal lobe: Encyclopedia II - Frontal lobe - Anatomy

See also:

Frontal lobe, Frontal lobe - Anatomy, Frontal lobe - Function, Frontal lobe - Psychosurgery

Read more here: » Frontal lobe: Encyclopedia II - Frontal lobe - Psychosurgery

In the human brain, the precentral gyrus and the related cortical tissue that folds into the central sulcus comprise the primary motor cortex, which controls voluntary movements of specific body parts associated with areas of the gyrus. Frontal lobes have been found to play a part in impulse control, judgment, language, memory, motor function, problem solving, sexual behavior, socialization and spontaneity. Frontal lobes assist in planning, coordinating, controlling and executing behavior. People who have damaged frontal lobes may exp ...

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Frontal lobe, Frontal lobe - Anatomy, Frontal lobe - Function, Frontal lobe - Psychosurgery

Read more here: » Frontal lobe: Encyclopedia II - Frontal lobe - Function

Do human brains play any role in spiritual contemplation? Is the spiritual experience real? And, if so, is the spiritual urge programmed into the brain's neural structure? Is the complex relationship between spirituality and the brain understandable?

Neurotheology

Scientific studies have explored the genetic basis of our systems of belief, giving rise to a new discipline - Neurotheology

(See also: Spirituality and Science, God and Religion, Peace on Earth, Peace of Mind, Love and Happiness, Life and Beyond, Body Mind and Soul)

The cerebral cortex is a brain structure in vertebrates, including humans. It is the outermost layer of the cerebrum and has a grey color. (Hence the name "grey matter". Grey matter is formed by neurons and their fibers, and white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by nerve fibers interconnecting cortical areas with each other and with subcortical structures.) The human cerebral co ...

Including:

• Cerebral cortex - Development
• Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern
• Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia - Cerebral cortex

Broca's area is the section of the human brain (in the opercular and triangular sections of the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe of the cortex) that is involved in language processing, speech production and comprehension. It can also be described as Brodmann's Area 44, and 45 and is connected to Wernicke's area by a neural pathway called the arcuate fasciculus. Broca's area is named after Pierre Paul Broca, who first described it in 1861, after con ...

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Writer's block is the psychological or social condition in which a writer temporarily loses the capability to continue writing, whether through losing inspiration or confidence in his/her creativity, or through other personal difficulties. Writer's block - Origins of Writer's Block. True writer's block can be closely related to depression and anxiety, two disorders that reflect environmentally-caused or spontaneous changes in the brain's frontal lobe. This is in contrast to hypergraphia, more closely linked ...

Including:

• Writer's block - Origins of Writer's Block
• Writer's block - Notable People Who Have Suffered From Writer's Block
• Writer's block - Various strategies for overcoming Writer's Block
• Writer's block - Dramatic depictions of writer's block

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Also known as "sex headaches", coital cephalgia are a rare type of severe headache that occurs at the base of the skull before orgasm during sexual activity, including masturbation. The pain usually moves from the base of the skull through the head towards the frontal lobes. Extremely severe and sharp pain behind the eyes is also a symptom. The headaches usually have an immediate onset and typically last for a few minutes to a few hours, although it i ...

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Cognitive neuropsychology is a branch of neuropsychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relates to specific psychological processes. It places a particular emphasis on studying the cognitive effects of brain injury or neurological illness with a view to inferring models of normal cognitive functioning. Cognitive neuropsychology - History. The modern science of cognitive neuropsychology emerged during the 1960s. However there have been a series of inf ...

Including:

• Cognitive neuropsychology - History
• Cognitive neuropsychology - Methods

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Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) (EC 2.1.1.6) is an enzyme first discovered by biochemist Julius Axelrod. COMT is the name given to the gene which codes for this enzyme. The O in the name stands for the ortho position of the methyl group. Catechol-O-methyl transferase is involved in the breakdown of the catecholamine neurotransmitters, dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine. The enzyme introduces a methyl group t ...

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Nominal aphasia (also known as anomic aphasia) is a form of aphasia (loss of language capability caused by brain damage) in which the subject has difficulty remembering or recognizing names which the subject should know well. The subject speaks fluently and grammatically and has normal comprehension, and the only deficit is trouble finding appropriate words. Subjects often use circumlocutions (speaking in a roundabout way) in order to express a certain word they cannot find the name for. Sometimes the subject can recall the name when given clues. Sufferers are often frustrated whe ...

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The brain of Albert Einstein has often been a subject of research and speculation. Einstein's brain, removed shortly after the death of the famous physicist, has attracted attention because of his reputation for being one of the foremost geniuses of the 20th century, and apparent regularities or irregularities in the brain have been used to either prove or disprove various notions about correlations in neuroanatomy with general or mathematical intelligence. Albert Einstein's brain - History. Einstein had ex ...

Including:

• Albert Einstein's brain - History
• Albert Einstein's brain - Preservation and study
• Albert Einstein's brain - Possible Experiments
• Albert Einstein's brain - Sources

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The frontal lobe of the brain controls a number of advanced cognitive functions, as well as motor control. Motor control is located at the rear of the frontal lobe, and is usually unaffected by psychosurgery. The anterior or prefrontal area is involved in impulse control, judgement, language, memory, motor function, problem solving, sexual behaviour, socialisation and spontaneity. Frontal lobes assist in plannin ...

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Psychosurgery, Psychosurgery - History, Psychosurgery - Neurological effect, Psychosurgery - Present day, Psychosurgery - Famous people who underwent lobotomy, Psychosurgery - Fictional examples

Read more here: » Psychosurgery: Encyclopedia II - Psychosurgery - Neurological effect

The frontal lobe of the brain controls a number of advanced cognitive functions, as well as motor control. Motor control is located at the rear of the frontal lobe, and is usually unaffected by psychosurgery. The anterior or prefrontal area is involved in impulse control, judgement, language, memory, motor function, problem solving, sexual behaviour, socialisation and spontaneity. Frontal lobes assist in plannin ...

See also:

Psychosurgery, Psychosurgery - History, Psychosurgery - Neurological effect, Psychosurgery - Present day, Psychosurgery - Famous people who underwent lobotomy, Psychosurgery - Fictional examples, Psychosurgery - Endnotes

Read more here: » Psychosurgery: Encyclopedia II - Psychosurgery - Neurological effect

The cerebral cortex develops from the neural plate, a specialised part of the embryonic ectoderm. The neural plate folds and closes to form the neural tube. From the cavity inside the neural tube develops the ventricular system, and from the epithelial cells of its walls, the neurones and glial cells. The most frontal part of the neural tube, the telencephalon gives rise to the cerebral hemispheres and the neocortex. Most cortical neurones are generated within the ventricular zone close to the ventricles. Initially, progenitor cells i ...

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Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Development

Based on the differences in lamination the cerebral cortex can be classified into two major groups: Isocortex (homotypical cortex), the part of the cortex with six layers. Allocortex (heterotypical cortex) with variable number of layers, e.g., olfactory cortex and hippocampus. Auxiliary classes are: Mesocortex, classification between isocortex and allocortex where layers 2, 3 and 4 are merged. Proisocortex, Brodmann areas 24, 25, 32. Periallocorte ...

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Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Classification

The standard areas of cortex (isocortex) is characterized as having six distinct layers. From outside inward: Molecular layer External granular layer External pyramidal layer Internal granular layer Internal pyramidal layer Multiform layer After migration (interestingly, the inner layers are formed first during development), neurons form efferents and receive afferent connections characteristic of its layer. The molecular layer I contains few scattered neuro ...

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Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern

The central sulcus separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe, and the parieto-occipital sulcus separates the parietal and occipital lobe. The parietal lobe can be subdivided into the superior parietal lobule and the inferior parietal lobule with the two separated by the intraparietal sulcus. The parietal operculum forms the superior wall of the sylvian fissure. It in ...

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Parietal lobe, Parietal lobe - Anatomy, Parietal lobe - Function, Parietal lobe - Pathology

Read more here: » Parietal lobe: Encyclopedia II - Parietal lobe - Anatomy

There is evidence that trephining (or trepanning)—the practice of drilling holes in the skull for pseudomedical reasons—has been in widespread, if infrequent, use since 5000 BCE. This may have been done in an attempt to allow the brain to expand in the case of increased brain fluid pressure, for example, after head injuries. (Several documented cases of healed wounds indicate that such crude surgery could be survived back then.) However, psychosurgery as understood today was not commonl ...

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Psychosurgery, Psychosurgery - History, Psychosurgery - Neurological effect, Psychosurgery - Present day, Psychosurgery - Famous people who underwent lobotomy, Psychosurgery - Fictional examples

Read more here: » Psychosurgery: Encyclopedia II - Psychosurgery - History

The central sulcus separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe, and the parieto-occipital sulcus separates the parietal and occipital lobe. The parietal lobe can be subdivided into the superior parietal lobule and the inferior parietal lobule with the two separated by the intraparietal sulcus. The parietal operculum forms the superior wall of sylvian fissure. It includes Brodmann areas 3, 5, 7, 39 and 40. ...

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Parietal lobe, Parietal lobe - Anatomy, Parietal lobe - Function, Parietal lobe - Pathology

Read more here: » Parietal lobe: Encyclopedia II - Parietal lobe - Anatomy