Islam in France - 1960-70s labor immigration. Muslim immigration, especially of men, primarily from Algeria and other North African colonies, was quite high following World War II, because the French workforce was inadequate for reconstruction efforts. The Muslim population is now estimated between 3 and 6 million (compared to a total French population of more than 63 million people). This is only an estimate, since census of religious adherence is prohibited by French law since 1872. One of the best estimate, Michèle Tribalat's one, counts about 3,7 millions "possible Muslims" (me ...

See also:

Islam in France, Islam in France - Statistics, Islam in France - Muslim population in France, Islam in France - 1960-70s labor immigration, Islam in France - 2002 creation of a French Council of the Muslim Faith, Islam in France - Second generation immigrants an oxymoron by itself, Islam in France - Muslim religious practices, Islam in France - Education issues, Islam in France - Integration issues, Islam in France - The hijab issue, Islam in France - Political Islam, Islam in France - Government efforts toward integration, Islam in France - Islamism in France, Islam in France - History of Islamic Terrorism in France, Islam in France - Airbus in 1994, Islam in France - Terrorist attacks in 1995

Read more here: » Islam in France: Encyclopedia II - Islam in France - Muslim population in France

See also:

France, France - Geography, France - History, France - Government and politics, France - Military, France - Administrative divisions, France - Economy, France - Demographics, France - Population, France - Languages, France - Cities, France - Culture, France - Marianne, France - Religion, France - Terminology, France - Origin of the country's name, France - Meanings of the name France, France - Miscellaneous topics, France - International rankings, France - Notes and references

Read more here: » France: Encyclopedia II - France - Culture

Since prehistoric times, France has been a crossroads of trade, migrations, and invasions. Four basic European ethnic stocks - Celtic (Gallic and Breton), Aquitanian (Basque related), Latin, and Germanic (Franks, Visigoths, Burgundians, Vikings) - have blended over the centuries to make up its present population. Besides these "historic" populations, new populations have migrated to France since the 19th century: Belgians, Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, Poles, Armenians, Jews from Eastern Europe and the Maghreb, Arabs and Berbers from the ...

See also:

France, France - Geography, France - History, France - Government and politics, France - Military, France - Administrative divisions, France - Economy, France - Demographics, France - Population, France - Languages, France - Cities, France - Culture, France - Marianne, France - Religion, France - Terminology, France - Origin of the country's name, France - Meanings of the name France, France - Miscellaneous topics, France - International rankings, France - Notes and references

Read more here: » France: Encyclopedia II - France - Demographics

1 See Languages section for regional languages 2 Whole territory of the French Republic, including all the overseas departments and territories, but excluding the French territory of Terre Adélie in Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended since the signing of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959 3 Metropolitan (i.e. European) France only 4 French National Geographic Institute data 5 French Land Register data, which exclude lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than ...

Including:

• France - Geography
• France - History
• France - Government and politics
• France - Military
• France - Administrative divisions
• France - Economy
• France - Demographics
• France - Population
• France - Languages
• France - Cities
• France - Culture
• France - Marianne
• France - Religion
• France - Terminology
• France - Origin of the country's name
• France - Meanings of the name France
• France - Miscellaneous topics
• France - International rankings
• France - Notes and references

Read more here: » France: Encyclopedia - France

The commune (in French: commune, word appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin communia, meaning a gathering of people sharing a common life, from Latin communis, things held in common) is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to US incorporated municipalities/cities. The closest equivlent to French communes in the U ...

Including:

• Commune in France - General characteristics
• Commune in France - Total number of communes
• Commune in France - Surface area of a typical commune
• Commune in France - Population of a typical commune
• Commune in France - Status of the communes
• Commune in France - History of the French Communes
• Commune in France - Kingdom of France
• Commune in France - French Revolution
• Commune in France - Trends after the French Revolution
• Commune in France - Current debate
• Commune in France - Intercommunality
• Commune in France - Future
• Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts
• Commune in France - Most and least populous communes
• Commune in France - Largest and smallest commune territories
• Commune in France - Most elevated commune
• Commune in France - Communes furthest away from the capital city of France
• Commune in France - Shortest and longest commune names
• Commune in France - Names of communes other than in French
• Commune in France - Classification

Read more here: » Commune in France: Encyclopedia - Commune in France

As of January 1, 2004, metropolitan France is divided into: 22 régions (although strictly speaking Corsica is in fact a "territorial collectivity", not a région, but is referred to as a région in common speech) the régions are divided into 96 départements the départements are divided into 329 arrondissements the arrondissements are divided into 3,879 cantons the cantons are divided in ...

Including:

• Subdivisions of France - Metropolitan France
• Subdivisions of France - Overseas
• Subdivisions of France - List of départements
• Subdivisions of France - General rules
• Subdivisions of France - Historical divisions

Read more here: » Subdivisions of France: Encyclopedia - Subdivisions of France

In France an aire urbaine (literally: "urban area") is roughly the equivalent of a US Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name is extremely confusing for English speakers because in English an "urban area" is not the same thing as a "metropolitan area". In English an urban area is a contiguously built-up area, which is smaller than a metropolitan area, as explained below. Despite its name, a French aire urbaine is indeed a metropolitan area. What is called "urban area" in English is called unit ...

Read more here: » Aire urbaine: Encyclopedia - Aire urbaine

Paris is the capital and largest city of France. Located on the river Seine in the country's north, it is a major cultural and political centre of Europe and the world's most visited city. Nicknamed "the City of Light" (la Ville Lumière) since lighting its main boulevards with gas street lamps in 1828, the city of Paris also has a reputation as a "romantic" city and the "heart of Europe". It is instantly recognised by the 324-metre brown metal Eif ...

Including:

• Paris - Name
• Paris - People
• Paris - Geography
• Paris - Coordinates
• Paris - Area
• Paris - Altitude
• Paris - Temperatures
• Paris - History
• Paris - Origins
• Paris - Middle Ages
• Paris - Nineteenth century
• Paris - World Wars' Years
• Paris - Modern Era
• Paris - The future: muséification?
• Paris - Demographics
• Paris - Density
• Paris - Population Growth
• Paris - Immigration
• Paris - Economy
• Paris - Size
• Paris - Economic sectors
• Paris - Administration
• Paris - Paris as a commune
• Paris - Paris as a département
• Paris - Paris as the prefecture of Île-de-France
• Paris - Transport
• Paris - Cultural Centres and Organisations
• Paris - Monuments and Landmarks
• Paris - Museums
• Paris - Historical Centres
• Paris - Cemeteries
• Paris - Parks and Gardens
• Paris - Districts
• Paris - Boutiques Department Stores and Hotels
• Paris - Nightlife
• Paris - Sports
• Paris - Bibliography
• Paris - History

Read more here: » Paris: Encyclopedia - Paris

2 Population sans doubles comptes, i.e. not counting those people already counted in another commune (such as students and military personal). Bar-sur-Aube is a commune of France, located in the Aube département, of which it is a sous-préfecture. Population (1999): 7,265. Other related archivesAube, France, commune, département, sous-préfecture

Read more here: » Bar-sur-Aube: Encyclopedia - Bar-sur-Aube

Île-de-France is one of the 26 régions of France. Its territory corresponds roughly to the metropolitan area of Paris. It was created in 1976, replacing a District of the Paris Region which had been created in 1961. Île-de-France is the most populated région of France, having more inhabitants than the European countries Belgium, Greece, or Sweden, and about as many inhabitants as the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the third most populous subnational entity in the European Union after North Rhine-Westphalia a ...

Including:

• Île-de-France région - Timeline
• Île-de-France région - Holders of the executive office

Read more here: » Île-de-France région: Encyclopedia - Île-de-France région

Jew - Usage note. Some uses of the term "Jew" are tainted by historic anti-Jewish bigotry. The correct adjectival form is "Jewish"; the use of "Jew" as an adjective (as in "Jew lawyer" rather than "Jewish lawyer") is associated with bigotry. The use of "Jew" or "jew" as a verb (as in "to jew someone down": to bargain for a lower price) is generally seen as an extremely offensive expression based on stereotypes. Even when used in a grammatically correct manner as a noun, the term "Jew" can objectify a ...

Including:

• Jew - Usage note
• Jew - Etymology
• Jew - Who is a Jew?
• Jew - Jewish culture
• Jew - Ethnic divisions
• Jew - Population
• Jew - Significant geographic populations
• Jew - State of Israel
• Jew - Diaspora outside Israel
• Jew - Population changes: Assimilation
• Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews
• Jew - Population changes: Growth
• Jew - Jewish languages
• Jew - History of the Jews
• Jew - Jews and migrations
• Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah
• Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule
• Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora
• Jew - Middle Ages: Europe
• Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa
• Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation
• Jew - Zionism and immigration
• Jew - The Holocaust
• Jew - Israel
• Jew - Persecution
• Jew - Jewish leadership
• Jew - Famous Jews
• Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia - Jew

Demographics of France - Middle Ages to 20th century. Starting around 1800, the historical evolution of the population in France has been extremely atypical in the Western World. Unlike the rest of Europe, France did not experience a strong population growth in the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. The birth rate in France diminished much earlier than in the rest of Europe. Consequently, population growth was quite slow in the 19th century, and the nadir was reached in the first half of the 20th ce ...

See also:

Demographics of France, Demographics of France - Historical population of metropolitan France, Demographics of France - Historical overview, Demographics of France - Middle Ages to 20th century, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Immigration, Demographics of France - Before World War II, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Today, Demographics of France - Religion and Race, Demographics of France - Languages, Demographics of France - Education

Read more here: » Demographics of France: Encyclopedia II - Demographics of France - Historical overview

Demographics of France - Before World War II. In the twentieth century, France exhibited a high rate of immigration. Immigration was particularly high in the 1920s and 1930s. France was the European country which suffered the most from World War I, with respect to the size of its population, losing 1.4 million young men out of a total population of 40 million. France was also at the time the European country with the lowest fertility rate, which meant that the country had a very hard time recovering from the heav ...

See also:

Demographics of France, Demographics of France - Historical population of metropolitan France, Demographics of France - Historical overview, Demographics of France - Middle Ages to 20th century, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Immigration, Demographics of France - Before World War II, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Today, Demographics of France - Religion and Race, Demographics of France - Languages, Demographics of France - Education

Read more here: » Demographics of France: Encyclopedia II - Demographics of France - Immigration

Commune in France - Total number of communes. As of 1 January 2004, there were 36,782 communes in France, 36,568 of them in metropolitan France and 214 of them overseas. This is a staggering number, much higher than in any other European country. This peculiarity is explained in detail in the history section below; briefly, French communes still largely reflect the division of France into villages or parishes at t ...

See also:

Commune in France, Commune in France - General characteristics, Commune in France - Total number of communes, Commune in France - Surface area of a typical commune, Commune in France - Population of a typical commune, Commune in France - Status of the communes, Commune in France - History of the French Communes, Commune in France - Kingdom of France, Commune in France - French Revolution, Commune in France - Trends after the French Revolution, Commune in France - Current debate, Commune in France - Intercommunality, Commune in France - Future, Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts, Commune in France - Most and least populous communes, Commune in France - Largest and smallest commune territories, Commune in France - Most elevated commune, Commune in France - Communes furthest away from the capital city of France, Commune in France - Shortest and longest commune names, Commune in France - Names of communes other than in French, Commune in France - Classification

Read more here: » Commune in France: Encyclopedia II - Commune in France - General characteristics

Commune in France - Most and least populous communes. The most populous commune of the French Republic is the commune of Paris: 2,125,246 inhabitants in March 1999. There are six communes in the French Republic with no inhabitants at all. These six communes are on the battlefield of Verdun: Beaumont-en-Verdunois, Bezonvaux, Haumont-près-Samogneux, Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre, Cumières-le-Mort-Homme, and Fleury-devant-Douaumont. These villages were completely destroyed during the gruesome ...

See also:

Commune in France, Commune in France - General characteristics, Commune in France - Total number of communes, Commune in France - Surface area of a typical commune, Commune in France - Population of a typical commune, Commune in France - Status of the communes, Commune in France - History of the French Communes, Commune in France - Kingdom of France, Commune in France - French Revolution, Commune in France - Trends after the French Revolution, Commune in France - Current debate, Commune in France - Intercommunality, Commune in France - Future, Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts, Commune in France - Most and least populous communes, Commune in France - Largest and smallest commune territories, Commune in France - Most elevated commune, Commune in France - Communes furthest away from the capital city of France, Commune in France - Shortest and longest commune names, Commune in France - Names of communes other than in French, Commune in France - Classification

Read more here: » Commune in France: Encyclopedia II - Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts

French communes were created at the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789-1790. Commune in France - Kingdom of France. Before the French Revolution, there existed nothing such as the communes we know today. The lowest level of administrative division was the parish (paroisse), and there were up to 60,000 of them in the kingdom of France. A parish was essentially a church, the houses around it (known as the village), and the agricultural land around the village. It should be remembered that Fran ...

See also:

Commune in France, Commune in France - General characteristics, Commune in France - Total number of communes, Commune in France - Surface area of a typical commune, Commune in France - Population of a typical commune, Commune in France - Status of the communes, Commune in France - History of the French Communes, Commune in France - Kingdom of France, Commune in France - French Revolution, Commune in France - Trends after the French Revolution, Commune in France - Current debate, Commune in France - Intercommunality, Commune in France - Future, Commune in France - Miscellaneous facts, Commune in France - Most and least populous communes, Commune in France - Largest and smallest commune territories, Commune in France - Most elevated commune, Commune in France - Communes furthest away from the capital city of France, Commune in France - Shortest and longest commune names, Commune in France - Names of communes other than in French, Commune in France - Classification

Read more here: » Commune in France: Encyclopedia II - Commune in France - History of the French Communes

In the USA, the population warning is performed by radio, with a system called Emergency Alert System (EAS). This system replaced the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) in 1997. An Emergency Action Notification (EAN) is sent to all broadcast stations, cable systems, wireless cable systems, other regulated services of the FCC, participating industry entities, and to the general public that the EAS has been activated for a national emergency. An Emergency Action Termination (EAT) is sent when an EAN has terminated. These messages are orig ...

See also:

Emergency population warning, Emergency population warning - Prerequisites, Emergency population warning - Population warning in the United States, Emergency population warning - Population warning in France

Read more here: » Emergency population warning: Encyclopedia II - Emergency population warning - Population warning in the United States

Main article: Education in France Education is free, beginning at age 2, and mandatory between ages 6 and 16, even though reforms have been proposed by right-wing politicians (among whom Nicolas Sarkozy and Jacques Chirac) following the 2005 riots. Left-wing parties have argued against them, on behalf of everyone's right to the same basic education. The public education system is highly centralized. Private primary and secondary education is primarily Roman Catholic; however, most French people go to public schools, which have the advantages of being free and are usuall ...

See also:

Demographics of France, Demographics of France - Historical population of metropolitan France, Demographics of France - Historical overview, Demographics of France - Middle Ages to 20th century, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Immigration, Demographics of France - Before World War II, Demographics of France - After World War II, Demographics of France - Today, Demographics of France - Religion and Race, Demographics of France - Languages, Demographics of France - Education

Read more here: » Demographics of France: Encyclopedia II - Demographics of France - Education

The prerequisites to have a population warning system is to have: a survey center that collects the warning signs and can start the alert; a network for the diffusion of the alert; an education program to teach the general public how to recognize an alert or what to do. The warning signal normally occurs very rarely, and is likely to cause panic. Thus, in the general case, the education should be limited to a very simple attitude: home confinement and listening to the radio for additional instruct ...

See also:

Emergency population warning, Emergency population warning - Prerequisites, Emergency population warning - Population warning in the United States, Emergency population warning - Population warning in France

Read more here: » Emergency population warning: Encyclopedia II - Emergency population warning - Prerequisites

Populism - Classical populism. The word populism is derived from the Latin word populus, which means people in English (in the sense of "I will govern for the people", not in the sense of "There are people visiting us today"). Therefore, populism espouses government by the people as a whole (that is to say, the masses). This is in contrast to elitism, aristocracy, or plutocracy, each of which is an ideology that espouse government by a small, privi ...

See also:

Populism, Populism - Populist methods, Populism - History, Populism - Classical populism, Populism - Early modern period, Populism - Religious revival, Populism - Rejection of ultramontanism, Populism - Elitist nationalism, Populism - Populism in the Americas, Populism - Populism in Germany, Populism - Populism in France, Populism - Current or recent populists

Read more here: » Populism: Encyclopedia II - Populism - History