Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia - France
1 See Languages section for regional languages 2 Whole territory of the French Republic, including all the overseas departments and terri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Franc - Swiss Franc
The Swiss franc (ISO code: CHF or 756), which appreciated significantly against the new European currency from April to September 2000, r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Franc - Cfa And Cfp Francs
Fourteen African countries use the franc CFA (in west Africa, Communauté financière africaine; in equatorial Africa, Coopération finan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Demographics
Since prehistoric times, France has been a crossroads of trade, migrations, and invasions. Four basic European ethnic stocks - Celtic (Ga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Centre France: Encyclopedia - Centre France
Centre is one of the 26 régions of France. Centre France - History. The région Centre is made up of the following former provinces o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of France: Encyclopedia - Culture Of France
Life in France The culture of France is diverse, reflecting regional differences as well as the influence of recent immigration. France h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Air France: Encyclopedia - Air France
Air France (Compagnie Nationale Air France) is a subsidiary of Air France-KLM. Before the take-over of KLM, it was essentially the nation...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cabernet Franc: Encyclopedia - Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Franc is a red wine grape variety similar to and a parent of Cabernet Sauvignon. A cross of it with Sauvignon Blanc resulted in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Canton In France: Encyclopedia - Canton In France
The canton is an administrative division of France. They are subdivisions of arrondissements and départements of France, grouping severa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Air France-klm: Encyclopedia - Air France-klm
Air France-KLM (Euronext: AF, NYSE: AKH) is an airline company incorporated under French law with its headquarters at Roissy-Charles de G...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles Ix Of France: Encyclopedia - Charles Ix Of France
Charles IX (June 27, 1550 – May 30, 1574) was born Charles-Maximilien, the son of King Henri II of France and Catherine de Medici. He w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles Viii Of France: Encyclopedia - Charles Viii Of France
Charles VIII the Affable (French: Charles VIII l'Affable) (June 30, 1470 – April 7, 1498) was King of France from 1483 to his death. Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Capital Punishment In France: Encyclopedia - Capital Punishment In France
Capital punishment in France was abolished in 1981. The last executions (by guillotine) had taken place in 1977, the last in the then Eur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles V Of France: Encyclopedia - Charles V Of France
Charles V the Wise (French: Charles V le Sage) (January 31, 1338 – September 16, 1380) was king of France (1364 to 1380) and a member o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Constitution Of France: Encyclopedia - Constitution Of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on October 4, 1958, and has been amended 17 times, most recently on March 28, 2003. It is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles Iv Of France: Encyclopedia - Charles Iv Of France
Charles IV the Fair (French: Charles IV le Bel) (1294 – February 1, 1328), a member of the Capetian Dynasty, reigned as King of France ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Commune In France: Encyclopedia - Commune In France
The commune (in French: commune, word appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin communia, meaning a gathering of people sharing a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Franc - Belgian And Luxembourg Francs
The conquest of most of western Europe by Revolutionary and Napoleonic France led to the franc's wide circulation. Following independence...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anatole France: Encyclopedia - Anatole France
By category Medieval 16th Century - 17th Century 18th Century -19th Century 20th Century - Contemporary Chronological list Writers by cat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Air Travel In France
There are ~478 airports in France (1999 est.) (see List of French Airports). Among the airspace governance authorities active in France, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Air Travel In France
There are ~474 airports in France (1999 est.) (see List of French Airports). Among the airspace governance authorities active in France, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tourism In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Tourism In France - Eastern France
In the eastern parts of France there are skiing resorts in the Alps. Other notable cities are Avignon with the Popes' palace, Arles, Aix-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Brest France: Encyclopedia Ii - Brest France - Administration
Brest France - Mayors of Brest. 1959-1973: Georges Lombard 1973-1977: Eugène Berest 1977-1982: Francis Le Blé 1982-1983: Pierre Mail...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Congolese Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Congolese Franc - History
During Belgian colonial rule, currency denominated in francs was issued for use in Congo. These francs were equal in value to the Belgian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - June: France
The best and most modern French armies had been sent north and lost in the resulting encirclement; the French had lost their best heavy w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Comorian Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Comorian Franc - History
Comorian franc - Monetary cooperation with France. On 23 November 1979, the government of Comoros signed a monetary cooperation agreeme...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Radio France: Encyclopedia Ii - Radio France - Stations
Radio France has seven major national stations: France Inter [1] (music, news and entertainment) France Info [2] (news) France Culture [...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frances The Mute: Encyclopedia Ii - Frances The Mute - Charts
Album Singles ... See also:Frances the Mute, Frances the Mute - History, Frances the Mute - Sound, Frances the Mute - Track listing, Fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Islam In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Islam In France - Islamism In France
Islamism (Islamisme in French) is a term that is rather less used than others, perhaps due to its lack of precision. The following terms ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Brest France: Encyclopedia Ii - Brest France - Economy
Due to its location, Brest is regarded as the first French port that can be accessed from the Americas, and hence shipping is big busines...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - History
France naturally has a system of large, navigable rivers, such as the Loire, la Seine and le Rhône that criss cross the country and have...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Islam In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Islam In France - Muslim Population In France
Islam in France - 1960-70s labor immigration. Muslim immigration, especially of men, primarily from Algeria and other North African col...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guinean Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Guinean Franc - First Guinean Franc
The first Guinean franc was introduced in 1959 to replace the CFA franc. There were 1, 5, 10 and 25 francs coins (made of aluminium bronz...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Comorian Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Comorian Franc - Denominations
The primary language used on Comorian francs is French, but Arabic is also used on all denominations, except for the two-franc coin which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Centre France: Encyclopedia Ii - Centre France - Name
The very bland name Centre is criticized by many in France. It was chosen by the French central government and based purely on geography,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Highways
total: 893,300 km (including 10,300 km of expressways) (1998 est.) All highways in France are paved. Transportation in France - Specific...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cfa Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Cfa Franc - Denominations
Coins in circulation 1 franc 5 francs 10 francs 25 francs 50 francs 100 francs 200 francs 250 francs 500 francs Banknotes in circulatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Constable Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Constable Of France - Constables Of France
Constable of France - Constables of the Kings of France 1060–1626. Alberic 1060–1065 Balberic 1065–1069 Gauthier 1069–1071 Ade...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Railways
Total: 31,939 km (31,940 km are operated by French National Railways (SNCF); 14,176 km of SNCF routes are electrified and 12,132 km are d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - French Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - French Franc - History
French franc - Before the French Revolution. The franc was introduced by king John II of France in 1360. Its name comes from the inscri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Aftermath
France formally surrendered to the German armed forces on 25 June in the same railroad car at Compiègne that Germany in 1918 had been fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Aftermath
France formally surrendered to the German armed forces on 25 June in the same railroad car at Compiègne that Germany in 1918 had been fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vichy France: Encyclopedia Ii - Vichy France - Liberation Of France And Aftermath
Following the Allied invasions of France, Pétain and his ministers were taken to Germany by the German forces where they established a g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - History
France naturally has a system of large, navigable rivers, such as the Loire, Seine, and Rhone that criss cross the country and have long ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of France - Location
Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterran...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of France - Terrain
Mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east. Eleva...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Historiography
The great controversy of the Battle of the France focuses on causes for the catastrophic defeat suffered by the French army, and to a les...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Railways
(see also French railway history) Even in France, where, because of water transport, railways were of lesser importance than in other nat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Prelude
Following the Polish September Campaign of the preceding year, a period of inaction called the Phony War occurred between the major power...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Prelude
Following the Polish September Campaign of the preceding year, a period of inaction called the Phony War occurred between the major power...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of France - Prelude
Following the Polish September Campaign of the preceding year, a period of inaction called the Phony War had occurred between the war's m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Censorship In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Censorship In France - Cinema
All films intended for theatrical release have to be granted a visa by the Ministry of Culture, upon the recommendation of Commission for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of France - Celebrations
Most of France's population used to be Catholic, and this is reflected in the calendar of holidays, which mark several major Catholic cel...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of France - Language
Main articles: French language, Languages of France, Language policy in France French culture is profoundly allied with the French langua...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of France - Religion
Traditionally a predominantly Roman Catholic country, with anticlerical leanings, France is since the 1970s a very secular country. Howev...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdivisions Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdivisions Of France - Metropolitan France
As of January 1, 2004, metropolitan France is divided into: 22 régions (although strictly speaking Corsica is in fact a "territorial co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vichy France: Encyclopedia Ii - Vichy France - Liberation Of France And Aftermath
Following the Allied invasions of France, Pétain and his ministers were taken to Germany by the German forces where they established a g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Government Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Government Of France - Constitution
Main article: Constitution of France A popular referendum approved the constitution of the French Fifth Republic in 1958, greatly strengt...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Government Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Government Of France - Judiciary
France's political system, in keeping with rule of law, has an independent judiciary, meaning that it has court systems whose decisions a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Air France: Encyclopedia Ii - Air France - History
Founded on August 30, 1933 through the merger of Air Orient, Compagnie Générale Aéropostale, Société Générale de Transport Aérien...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elections In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Elections In France - Generalities
France elects on its national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature: The president is elected for a five-year term (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of France - Transportation
Main article: Transportation in France There are significant differences in lifestyles with respect to transportation between very urbani...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vichy France: Encyclopedia Ii - Vichy France - Liberation Of France And Aftermath
Following the Allied invasions of France, Pétain and his ministers fled to Germany and established a government in exile at Sigmaringen....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Economy Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Economy Of France - Trade
France is the second-largest trading nation in western Europe (after Germany). Its foreign trade balance for goods had been in surplus fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Railways
(see also French railway history) Even in France, where, because of water transport, railways were of lesser importance than in other nat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transportation In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Transportation In France - Roads
Total: 893,300 km (including 10,300 km of Motorways) (1998 est.). Most motorways in France are toll and operated by private companies (su...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Government Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Government Of France - Ombudsman
In 1973 the position of médiateur de la République (the Republic's ombudsman) was created. The obdusman is charged with solving, withou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elections In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Elections In France - Voters
The voters are French citizens over the age of 18 registered on the electoral rolls. For municipal and European elections, citizens aged ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of France - Boundaries
Land boundaries: total: 2,889 km (metropolitan), 1,183 km (French Guiana), 10.2 km (Guadeloupe) border countries: Andorra 56.6 km, Belgiu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Flag Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Flag Of France - Influence
The flag of France represented a new revolutionary movement; as such, it influenced many other flags, including those of Belgium, Chad, I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geography Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Geography Of France - Environment
Environment - current issues: some forest damage from acid rain (major forest damage occurred as a result of severe December 1999 windsto...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cfa Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Cfa Franc - History
CFA franc - Creation. The CFA franc was created on December 26, 1945, along with the CFP franc. The reason for the creation of these fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frances The Mute: Encyclopedia Ii - Frances The Mute - History
Jeremy Ward, audio artist for The Mars Volta until his death, had previously worked as a repo man. One day, Ward discovered a diary in th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Constitution Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Constitution Of France - Summary
The preamble of the constitution recalls the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen from 1789 and establishes France as a se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cfa Franc: Encyclopedia Ii - Cfa Franc - Institutions
Strictly speaking, there actually exist two different currencies called CFA franc: the West African CFA franc (ISO 4217 currency code XOF...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Subdivisions Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Subdivisions Of France - Metropolitan France
As of January 1, 2004, metropolitan France is divided into: 22 régions (although strictly speaking Corsica is in fact a "territorial co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frances Farmer: Encyclopedia Ii - Frances Farmer - The Spiral
On October 19, 1942 she was stopped by the police in Santa Monica for driving with her headlights on bright in the wartime dimout zone wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Canton In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Canton In France - Statistics
The number of cantons varies from département to département; the Territoire de Belfort has 15 while Nord has 79. In total there are 4,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elections In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Elections In France - Latest Election
Elections in France - Presidential. Main article: French presidential election, 2002 Elections in France - Legislative. Main artic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Islam In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Islam In France - Statistics
Since an 1872 law, the French Republic does not take into account religion in its census. Nor does it take into account ethnic claims of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sedan France: Encyclopedia Ii - Sedan France - Miscellaneous
Sedan France - Births. Sedan was the birthplace of: Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne (1611-1675), Marshal of France. É...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Education In France: Encyclopedia Ii - Education In France - Organisation
All educational programs in France are regulated by the Ministry of National Education (officially called Ministère de l'éducation nati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Flag Of France: Encyclopedia Ii - Flag Of France - Influence
The flag of France represented a new revolutionary movement; as such, it influenced many other flags, including those of Belgium, Chad, I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Culture
France - Marianne. Main articles: Marianne, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]] M ... See also:France, France - Geography, France ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Geography
While the main territory of France (metropolitan France; French: la Métropole, or France métropolitaine) is located in Western Europe, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Government And Politics
The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by referendum on September 28, 1958. It greatly strengthened the authority of the exe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Geography
While the main territory of France (metropolitan France; French: la Métropole, or France métropolitaine) is located in Western Europe, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Geography
While the main territory of France (metropolitan France; French: la Métropole, or France métropolitaine) is located in Western Europe, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Economy
France's economy combines extensive private enterprise (nearly 2.5 million companies registered) with substantial (though declining) gove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Terminology
France - Origin of the country's name. The name France comes from Medieval Latin Francia, which literally means "land of the Franks, Fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Economy
France's economy combines extensive private enterprise (nearly 2.5 million companies registered) with substantial (though declining) gove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - History
The borders of modern France are roughly the same as those of ancient Gaul, which was inhabited by Celtic Gauls. Gaul was conquered by th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Culture
France - Marianne. Marianne is a symbol of the French Republic. She is an allegorical figure of liberty and the Republic and first appe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Government And Politics
Main articles: Government of France and Politics of France The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by referendum on September...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Government And Politics
Image:A17.jpg Main articles: Government of France, and Politics of France, and [[]], and [[]]   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Administrative Divisions
France has 26 administrative régions: 21 metropolitan régions, the territorial collectivity of Corse (Corsica) (commonly referred to as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Military
The French armed forces are divided into four branches: Army (Armée de Terre) Navy (Marine Nationale) Air Force (Armée de l'Air) Genda...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Economy
France's economy combines extensive private enterprise (nearly 2.5 million companies registered) with substantial (though declining) gove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Culture
France - Marianne. Main article: Marianne Marianne is a symbol of the French Republic. She is an allegorical figure of liberty and th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - France: Encyclopedia Ii - France - Military
The French armed forces are divided into four branches: Army (Armée de Terre) Navy (Marine Nationale) Air Force (Armée de l'Air) Genda...   » Read the article