 |
|
|
Franc | A Wisdom Archive on Franc | | Franc A selection of articles related to Franc | |
|
|
More material related to Franc can be found here:
|
|
|
| | |
franc, Franc, Franc - Belgian and Luxembourg francs, Franc - Burundi franc, Franc - CFA and CFP francs, Franc - Comorian franc, Franc - Congolese franc, Franc - Djiboutian franc, Franc - External link, Franc - French franc, Franc - Guinean franc, Franc - Malagasy franc, Franc - Origins, Franc - Rwandan franc, Franc - Swiss franc, Burundi franc, Cape Verdean escudo, Comorian franc, Congolese franc, Djiboutian franc, The Latverian Franc is the currency of the fictional country of Latveria., Malagasy franc, Rwandan franc, Swiss Franc, UIC franc, gold franc, Livre tournois (French pound), Roman currency, New Hebrides franc
| | | » Page 1 « Page 2 | |
| |
|
ARTICLES RELATED TO Franc | | | |  Franc: Encyclopedia II - Franc - Belgian and Luxembourg francsThe conquest of most of western Europe by Revolutionary and Napoleonic France led to the franc's wide circulation. Following independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the new Kingdom of Belgium in 1832 adopted its own franc, equivalent to the French one, followed by Luxembourg in 1848 and Switzerland in 1850. Newly-unified Italy adopted the lira on a similar basis in 1862.
In 1865 France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy created the Latin Monetary Union (to be joined by Greece in 1868): each would possess a national currency uni ...
See also:Franc, Franc - Origins, Franc - French franc, Franc - CFA and CFP francs, Franc - Comorian franc, Franc - Belgian and Luxembourg francs, Franc - Swiss franc, Franc - Congolese franc, Franc - Burundi franc, Franc - Rwandan franc, Franc - Djiboutian franc, Franc - Guinean franc, Franc - Malagasy franc, Franc - External link Read more here: » Franc: Encyclopedia II - Franc - Belgian and Luxembourg francs |
| |
|
|
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Euro - Participation in the economic and monetary union
Euro - Countries using the euro.
At present the member states officially using the euro are Austria, Belgium, Finland, France (except Pacific territories using the CFP franc), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Overseas territories of some Eurozone countries, such as French Guiana, Réunion, Saint-Pierre et Miquelon, and Martinique, also use ...
See also:Euro, Euro - Characteristics, Euro - Transition, Euro - Participation in the economic and monetary union, Euro - Countries using the euro, Euro - EU members outside the Eurozone, Euro - Bulgaria and Romania, Euro - Effects of a single currency, Euro - Removal of exchange rate risk, Euro - Removal of conversion fees, Euro - Deeper financial markets, Euro - Price parity, Euro - Competitive funding, Euro - Macroeconomic stability, Euro - Less-specific monetary policy, Euro - A new reserve currency?, Euro - The euro and oil, Euro - Euro exchange rate, Euro - Against the U.S. dollar, Euro - Currencies pegged to euro, Euro - Drivers, Euro - Consequences, Euro - Plural formation and grammar, Euro - The euro sign, Euro - Reactions following the European Constitution votes, Euro - Economists who helped realise the euro, Euro - Miscellanea, Euro - Slang words, Euro - Trivia concerning the coins Read more here: » Euro: Encyclopedia II - Euro - Participation in the economic and monetary union |
| |
|
|
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Current issues
Economy of France - Unemployment.
France is well know as a nation which has suffered from high chronic unemployment for the last 30 years; a number of attempts have been made to curb the unemployment rate.
Generally speaking, since the election of Jacques Chirac to the presidency in 2002, the successive cabinets of Jean-Pierre Raffarin and Dominique de Villepin, have tried some moderately "liberal" approach: remove or weaken workforce legislation and lower pay ...
See also:Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Current issues |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Currency - History
Currency - Early Currency.
The origin of currency is the creation of a circulating medium of exchange based on a store of value. Currency evolved from two basic innovations: the use of counters to assure that shipments arrived with the same goods that were shipped, and the use of silver ingots to represent stored value in the form of grain. Both of these developments had occurred by 2000 BC.
This first stage of currency, where metals were used to represent stored value, and symbols to represent commodities ...
See also:Currency, Currency - History, Currency - Early Currency, Currency - Coinage, Currency - The Era of Hard and Credit Money, Currency - Legal Tender Era, Currency - The Paper Money Era, Currency - Modern currencies, Currency - Privately-issued currencies, Currency - Local currencies, Currency - World currency, Currency - Circulating currencies, Currency - A-E, Currency - F-M, Currency - N-R, Currency - S-Z, Currency - Historical currencies, Currency - Ancient Greece, Currency - Ancient Rome, Currency - Africa, Currency - America, Currency - Asia, Currency - Australasia, Currency - Europe, Currency - Accounting units, Currency - Proposed Currencies, Currency - Lists Read more here: » Currency: Encyclopedia II - Currency - History |
| |
|
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Romanian leu - History In 1867, a bimetallic currency was adopted, the leu of 100 bani. After 1878 the silver Russian ruble was valued so highly as to drive the native coins out of circulation. Consequently, in 1889, Romania joined the Latin Monetary Union and adopted a gold standard. Bronze coins of 1, 2, 5 and 10 bani, silver coins of ½, 1, 2 and 5 lei and gold coins of 5, 10 and 20 lei were used. Silver was legal tender only up to 50 lei. All taxes and customs dues were to be paid in gold and, owing to the small quantities issued from the Romanian mint, foreig ...
See also:Romanian leu, Romanian leu - Etymology, Romanian leu - History, Romanian leu - Exchange rate, Romanian leu - Legal tender, Romanian leu - Coins, Romanian leu - Banknotes, Romanian leu - Revaluation, Romanian leu - Historic banknotes 1990-2005 Read more here: » Romanian leu: Encyclopedia II - Romanian leu - History |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Romanian leu - Etymology During the 17th century, Dutch thalers bearing a lion (leeuwendaalder) circulated in the Romanian principalities; they were often called lei (lions). The name was kept as a generic term for money, and became the official name of the national currency in 1880 after several attempts to impose a more nationalist name, such as Român (cf. Franc) or Românat (cf. Ducat). The Bulgarian lev has the same etymology.
The subdivision of Leu, the "Ban" is derived from Ban, the title held of some medieval rulers who also minted their own coins, hence ...
See also:Romanian leu, Romanian leu - Etymology, Romanian leu - History, Romanian leu - Exchange rate, Romanian leu - Legal tender, Romanian leu - Coins, Romanian leu - Banknotes, Romanian leu - Revaluation, Romanian leu - Historic banknotes 1990-2005 Read more here: » Romanian leu: Encyclopedia II - Romanian leu - Etymology |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Workforce and social relations The French government intervenes in workforce relations in two ways:
through statutes and regulates issued by the national government, supplemented by a heavy body of jurisprudence;
through the enforcement of collective conventions resulting from bargaining between employers' and employees' unions.
The government imposes an hourly minimum wage (SMIC) of 8.03 €.
Unemployment is a permanent concern of French governments since the end of the 1970s. Unemployment problem is the main topic of the 2007 p ...
See also:Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Workforce and social relations |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Other statistics GDP PPP & GDP Growth Rates 2002 - 2006 est.:
Industrial production growth rate: -0.3% (2003)
Electricity:
production: 520.1 TWh (2001)
consumption: 415.3 TWh (2001)
exports: 72.6 TWh (2001)
imports: 4.2 TWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 8.2%
hydro: 14%
other: 0.7% (2001)
nuclear: 77.1%
Agriculture - products: wheat, cereals, sugar be ...
See also:Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Other statistics |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Trade France is the second-largest trading nation in western Europe (after Germany). Its foreign trade balance for goods had been in surplus from 1992 until 2001, reaching $25.4 billion (25.4 G$) in 1998. However, the French balance of trade was hit by the economic downturn, and hit $15bn in deficit in 2003. Total trade for 1998 amounted to $730 billion, or 50% of GDP--imports plus exports of goods and services. Trade with European Union ...
See also:Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Trade |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Sectors of the economy
Economy of France - Industry.
France has been very successful in developing dynamic telecommunications, aerospace, and weapons sectors.
Economy of France - Energy.
With virtually no domestic oil production, France has relied heavily on the development of nuclear power, which now accounts for about 80% of the country's electricity production. Nuclear waste is stored on site at reprocessing facilities.See also: Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Sectors of the economy |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme Following the Second World War, Fifth Republic, France embarked on an ambitious and mostly very successful program of modernization, under state impulse and coordination. This program of dirigisme, mostly implemented by right-wing governments, involved the state control of a minority of the industry, such as transportation, energy and telecommunication infrastructures, as well as various incentives for private corporations to merge or engage in certain projects.
However, dirigisme came to be highly contested in the 1980s ...
See also:Economy of France, Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme, Economy of France - Workforce and social relations, Economy of France - Working Hours, Economy of France - Unions and strikes, Economy of France - Current issues, Economy of France - Unemployment, Economy of France - Budgetary Reform, Economy of France - Sectors of the economy, Economy of France - Industry, Economy of France - Energy, Economy of France - Agriculture, Economy of France - Tourism, Economy of France - Arms Industry, Economy of France - Trade, Economy of France - Other statistics Read more here: » Economy of France: Encyclopedia II - Economy of France - Dirigisme and renouncement to dirigisme |
| |
|
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Euro - Miscellanea
Euro - Slang words.
Some countries have given local slang words for the euro.
In Finland, one of the most common slang words for euro is ege. It depends greatly on region. This comes from huge, the slang word for the now defunct Finnish markka. The etymology and origin of huge are obscure, but it may be a derivation from the common slang word for the one hundred markka bill, huntti, which again is a slang loanword from the Finland-Swedish hundra (one hundred). Cents ...
See also:Euro, Euro - Characteristics, Euro - Transition, Euro - Participation in the economic and monetary union, Euro - Countries using the euro, Euro - EU members outside the Eurozone, Euro - Bulgaria and Romania, Euro - Effects of a single currency, Euro - Removal of exchange rate risk, Euro - Removal of conversion fees, Euro - Deeper financial markets, Euro - Price parity, Euro - Competitive funding, Euro - Macroeconomic stability, Euro - Less-specific monetary policy, Euro - A new reserve currency?, Euro - The euro and oil, Euro - Euro exchange rate, Euro - Against the U.S. dollar, Euro - Currencies pegged to euro, Euro - Drivers, Euro - Consequences, Euro - Plural formation and grammar, Euro - The euro sign, Euro - Reactions following the European Constitution votes, Euro - Economists who helped realise the euro, Euro - Miscellanea, Euro - Slang words, Euro - Trivia concerning the coins Read more here: » Euro: Encyclopedia II - Euro - Miscellanea |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Currency - Circulating currencies See List of currencies for a list of all current and historical currencies. See List of historical currencies or historical currencies below for historical currencies. See List of circulating currencies for a list of currencies by country. The following is a list of currency names (denominations) of the world in alphabetic order by currency name:
Currency - A-E.
Afghani - Afghanistan
Ariary - Madagascar
Baht - Thailand
Balboa - Panama (U.S. dollar used for paper mone ...
See also:Currency, Currency - History, Currency - Early Currency, Currency - Coinage, Currency - The Era of Hard and Credit Money, Currency - Legal Tender Era, Currency - The Paper Money Era, Currency - Modern currencies, Currency - Privately-issued currencies, Currency - Local currencies, Currency - World currency, Currency - Circulating currencies, Currency - A-E, Currency - F-M, Currency - N-R, Currency - S-Z, Currency - Historical currencies, Currency - Ancient Greece, Currency - Ancient Rome, Currency - Africa, Currency - America, Currency - Asia, Currency - Australasia, Currency - Europe, Currency - Accounting units, Currency - Proposed Currencies, Currency - Lists Read more here: » Currency: Encyclopedia II - Currency - Circulating currencies |
| |
|
| | | | Franc: Encyclopedia II - Currency - Historical currencies See also List of historical currencies.
Currency - Ancient Greece.
Drachma
Currency - Ancient Rome.
Antoninianus
As
Denarius
Dupondius
Sestertius
Currency - Africa.
Dollar - Rhodesia
Escudo
Mozambican escudo - Mozambique
São Tomé and Príncipe escudo - São Tomé and Príncipe
Ekwele (Ekuele) - Equatorial Guinea
See also:Currency, Currency - History, Currency - Early Currency, Currency - Coinage, Currency - The Era of Hard and Credit Money, Currency - Legal Tender Era, Currency - The Paper Money Era, Currency - Modern currencies, Currency - Privately-issued currencies, Currency - Local currencies, Currency - World currency, Currency - Circulating currencies, Currency - A-E, Currency - F-M, Currency - N-R, Currency - S-Z, Currency - Historical currencies, Currency - Ancient Greece, Currency - Ancient Rome, Currency - Africa, Currency - America, Currency - Asia, Currency - Australasia, Currency - Europe, Currency - Accounting units, Currency - Proposed Currencies, Currency - Lists Read more here: » Currency: Encyclopedia II - Currency - Historical currencies |
| |
|
| | » Page 1 « Page 2 | |
| |
|
|
|
|
More material related to Franc can be found here:
|
|
|
|
| |
