Former countries in Europe after 1815

Moldavia (1601-1861: Moldova) Moldavia, that had become independent from the Ottoman Empire and united with Wallachia in 1593, became finally in 1601 part of the Ottoman Empire as the tributary Principality of Moldavia with a various growing degree of independence. The eastern parts of Moldavia were separated by Russia in 1812. In 1861 it merged with Wallachia into the United Romanian Principalities (renamed Romania in 1866), that became independent in 1877. Parts of the f ...

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Former countries in Europe after 1815, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Ajaria, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Alsace-Lorraine, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Anhalt, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Anhalt-Bernburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Anhalt-Köthen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Armenia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Austrian Empire, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Azerbaijan, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Baden, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - United Baltic Duchy, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Banat, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Baranya-Baja, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Bavaria, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Belarus, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Bremen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Brunswick, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Carpatho-Ukraine, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Central Lithuania, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Cospaia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Courland, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Cracow, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Crete, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Croatia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Czechoslovakia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Dagestan, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Danzig, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Eastern Rumelia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Estonia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Finnish Democratic Republic, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Fiume, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Flanders, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Frankfurt, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Gagauzia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Georgia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - German Democratic Republic, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Guastalla, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Guria, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hamburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hanover, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Herceg-Bosna, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hesse-Darmstadt, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hesse-Homburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hesse-Kassel, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Icaria, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Ionian Islands, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Irish Republic, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Kruševo, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lajtabansag, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Latvia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lemko-Rusyn, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Limerick Soviet, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lippe, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Litbel, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lithuania, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lübeck, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Lucca, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Massa and Carrara, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Memel Territory, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Menton, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Mirdita, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Modena, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Moldavia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Montenegro, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Moresnet, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Naissaar, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Nakhichevan, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Nassau, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - North Ingria, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Oldenburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Ottoman Empire, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Palatinate, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Papal States, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Parma and Piacenza, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Pindos, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Pontecorvo, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Prussia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Reuß Junior Line, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Reuß Senior Line, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Rhineland, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Russia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saarland, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Sardinia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Altenburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Coburg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Gotha, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Hildburgshausen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Meiningen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Saxony, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Schaumburg-Lippe, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Serbia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Slovakia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Sonderbund, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Srpska, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Srpska Krajina, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - State of Slovenes Croats and Serbs, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Transcaucasia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Transylvania, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Trieste, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Tuscany, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Two Sicilies, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Ukraine, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Republic of Užice, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Venice, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Waldeck Pyrmont, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Wallachia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Western Bosnia, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Western Ukraine, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Württemberg, Former countries in Europe after 1815 - Yugoslavia

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The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (official name; German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen) is one of Germany's 16 states (Bundesländer). Bremen state - Geography. The state of Bremen consists of two separated enclaves: the cities of Bremen, which is the state capital, and Bremerhaven. Both are located on the River Weser; Bremerhaven is further downstream and serves as a North Sea harbour (the name means "Bremen's harbour"). Both cities are completely surrounded by the neighbouring State of Lower Saxo ...

Including:

• Bremen state - Geography
• Bremen state - History
• Bremen state - Politics

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Crete (Greek Κρήτη / Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located at approximately 35° N 24° E. Tourist attractions in Crete include archeological sites at Knossos, Phaistos, Gortys and many other places, the Venetian castle in Rethymno, the Samaria Gorge and many other minor gorges (Agia Irini, Aradena, etc). Crete was the location of the Minoan civilization (ca. 2600–1400 BCE), one of the first civilizations in Europe. Crete - ...

Including:

• Crete - History
• Crete - Geography
• Crete - Climate
• Crete - Economy
• Crete - Personalities
• Crete - Cities
• Crete - Political organisation
• Crete - Tourism

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Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany. It came into existence in the 12th century as the Margraviate of Baden and subsequently split into different lines, which were unified in 1771. It became the much-enlarged Grand Duchy of Baden, a sovereign country, through the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1803-1806. It joined the German Empire in 1871, remaining a Grand Duchy until 1918 when it became part of the Weimar Republic. Baden was bounded to the north by the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Grand Duch ...

Including:

• Baden - Geography
• Baden - Population
• Baden - Industries
• Baden - Education and Religion
• Baden - Constitution and Government
• Baden - History
• Baden - Who's who from Baden

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Anhalt is a historical region of Germany, which is now included in the state of Saxony-Anhalt. See also. Former countries in Europe after 1815 ...

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Alsace-Lorraine (French: Alsace-Lorraine; German: Elsass-Lothringen) was the territory originally of the German empire, ceded to Louis XIV by the peace of Westphalia in 1648, but returned by France to the newly-unified Germany under the 1871 Treaty of Frankfurt (which ended the Franco-Prussian War) and restored to France after World War I by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. It was annexed by the German Third Reich ...

Including:

• Alsace-Lorraine - Geographical and historical data
• Alsace-Lorraine - History

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Czechoslovakia (Czech: Československo, Slovak: Česko-Slovensko/before 1990 Československo, German: Tschechoslowakei) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1992 (except for the World War II period). On January 1, 1993, it peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, in what was known as the Velvet Divorce, by analogy with the Velvet Revolution. (Czech: Truth prevails) Czechoslovakia - Basic characteristicsIncluding:

• Czechoslovakia - Basic characteristics
• Czechoslovakia - Official names
• Czechoslovakia - Coat of arms
• Czechoslovakia - History
• Czechoslovakia - From creation to dissolution – Overview
• Czechoslovakia - Heads of State and Government
• Czechoslovakia - International agreements and membership
• Czechoslovakia - Administrative divisions
• Czechoslovakia - Population and ethnic groups
• Czechoslovakia - Religion
• Czechoslovakia - Health social welfare and housing
• Czechoslovakia - Politics
• Czechoslovakia - Government
• Czechoslovakia - Constitutional development
• Czechoslovakia - Society and social groups
• Czechoslovakia - Education
• Czechoslovakia - Resource base
• Czechoslovakia - Economy foreign trade and financial system
• Czechoslovakia - Transportation and communications
• Czechoslovakia - Mass media
• Czechoslovakia - Sports
• Czechoslovakia - Culture
• Czechoslovakia - Postage Stamps

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Please remove this notice after the article has been expanded. Details are on this talk page or at Wikipedia:Requests for expansion. The Austrian Empire was founded in 1804 as a reaction to the creation of the First French Empire under Napoleon I. The first Emperor of Austria was Francis I, at this time holding also the title of a Holy Roman Emperor, which he abdicated when the Empire was abolished in Napoleon's reorganisation of Germany in 1806. In the process of keeping his imperial ti ...

Including:

• Austrian Empire - Countries of the Austrian Empire

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Ajaria (Georgian აჭარა Ačara), officially the Autonomous Republic of Ajaria, (also known as Ajara, Adjaria, Adjara, Adzharia and Adzhara) is an autonomous republic of Georgia, in the southwestern corner of the country, bordered by Turkey to the south and the eastern end of the Black Sea. Previously it was also known as Adzharistan and Adzharian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Adzharian ASSR). Ajaria - History. Main article: History of Ajaria Ajaria has bee ...

Including:

• Ajaria - History
• Ajaria - Law and government
• Ajaria - Geography and climate
• Ajaria - Climate
• Ajaria - Economy
• Ajaria - Population
• Ajaria - Famous Ajarians

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Austria-Hungary Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder und die Länder der heiligen ungarischen Stephanskrone (German) A birodalmi tanácsban képviselt királyságok és országok és a magyar szent korona országai (Hungarian) Austria-Hungary in Europe Kingdoms and countries of Austria-Hungary war flag merchant flag Flag of Hungary Coat of arms ...

Including:

• Austria-Hungary - The Lands of the Empire
• Austria-Hungary - Creation of Austria-Hungary — The Compromise of 1867
• Austria-Hungary - Governmental Structure
• Austria-Hungary - Ethnic relations
• Austria-Hungary - Economy
• Austria-Hungary - Foreign policy
• Austria-Hungary - World War I
• Austria-Hungary - Dissolution of the Empire
• Austria-Hungary - Historiography
• Austria-Hungary - Territorial legacy
• Austria-Hungary - Flags of Austria-Hungary
• Austria-Hungary - Reference

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The Wolfenbüttel line retained its independence from Hanover, except for the period from 1807 to 1813, when it was made part of the Kingdom of Westphalia. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 turned it into an independent country under the name Duchy of Brunswick, with Wolfenbüttel as its capital. While the kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866, the Duchy of Brunswick remained and joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire. With the death of William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the Wolfenbüttel ...

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Brunswick-Lüneburg, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Brunswick-Lüneburg - From Calenberg to Hanover, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Dukes of Brunswick and Lüneburg and Princes of Wolfenbüttel 1267 -1807, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Dukes of Brunswick and Lüneburg 1813-1918, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissioners of the Republic of Brunswick 1918-1919, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Minister presidents of the Republic of Brunswick 1919-1946, Brunswick-Lüneburg - Districts

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Central Lithuania - Background. For fifty years following the January Uprising of 1864, the historical Grand Duchy of Lithuania was under a military government of Imperial Russia. Poles and Lithuanians were discriminated against: the Polish and Lithuanian languages were forbidden in public, Poles were forbidden to buy real estate and a special tax (contribution) had to be paid only by Poles. In the aftermath of WWI, the area was divided onto 3 parts. The 'Lithuania proper', consisting of histo ...

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Central Lithuania, Central Lithuania - History, Central Lithuania - Background, Central Lithuania - Conflict, Central Lithuania - Republic of Central Lithuania, Central Lithuania - Mediation, Central Lithuania - Resolution, Central Lithuania - Aftermath

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Main article: History of Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia arose in October 1918 as one of the succession states of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I. It consisted of the present-day territories of the Czech Republic, Slovakia and (until 1939/29 June 1945) the Carpathian Ruthenia (Carpatho-Ukraine). Its territory included some of the most industrialized regions of the former Austria-Hungary, it was a democratic republic throughout the pre-World War II period, but was characterized by ethnic problems. The ethnic problems wer ...

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Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia - Basic characteristics, Czechoslovakia - Official names, Czechoslovakia - Coat of arms, Czechoslovakia - History, Czechoslovakia - From creation to dissolution – Overview, Czechoslovakia - Heads of State and Government, Czechoslovakia - International agreements and membership, Czechoslovakia - Administrative divisions, Czechoslovakia - Population and ethnic groups, Czechoslovakia - Religion, Czechoslovakia - Health social welfare and housing, Czechoslovakia - Politics, Czechoslovakia - Government, Czechoslovakia - Constitutional development, Czechoslovakia - Society and social groups, Czechoslovakia - Education, Czechoslovakia - Resource base, Czechoslovakia - Economy foreign trade and financial system, Czechoslovakia - Transportation and communications, Czechoslovakia - Mass media, Czechoslovakia - Sports, Czechoslovakia - Culture, Czechoslovakia - Postage Stamps

Read more here: » Czechoslovakia: Encyclopedia II - Czechoslovakia - History

The City of Bremen, a member of the Hanseatic League, became an imperial free city of the Holy Roman Empire, and hence a state, in 1646. After the state was dissolved during the Napoleonic period, in 1815 it became an independent country and was subsequently a member of the German Confederation and the North German Confederation. Several areas including the area on which the City of Bremerhaven was to be founded were purchased from Hanover in 1827. I ...

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Bremen state, Bremen state - Geography, Bremen state - History, Bremen state - Politics

Read more here: » Bremen state: Encyclopedia II - Bremen state - History

Courland - Early history. In ancient times the Curonians, a Baltic tribe, inhabited Courland. The Brethren of the Sword, a German military order, subdued the Curonians and converted them to Christianity in the first quarter of the 13th century. In 1237 the area passed into the rule of the Teutonic Knights owing to the amalgamation of this order with that of the Brethren of the Sword. At that time Courland comprised the two duchies of Courland and of Semigalia (Semgallen). Courland - D ...

See also:

Courland, Courland - Geography, Courland - Population, Courland - History, Courland - Early history, Courland - Duchy of Courland 1561–1795, Courland - Courland as part of Russia, Courland - Duchy of Courland 1918, Courland - Courland as part of Latvia, Courland - Courland during World War II, Courland - The dukes of Courland and their coinage

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Crete is one of the 13 regions of Greece. It is the biggest island in Greece and the second biggest (after Cyprus) of the East Mediterranean. Crete lies at the southern end of the Aegean Sea and covers an area of 8,336 km². Its population is 650,000 people (as of 2005). The island is 260 km long and varies in width from 60 km (measured from the Dion cape to the Lithinon cape), to only 12 km at the Isthmus of Ierapetra in eastern Crete. The coast is deeply indented, giving Crete over 1,000 km of shoreline. Crete lies approximately ...

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Crete, Crete - History, Crete - Geography, Crete - Climate, Crete - Economy, Crete - Personalities, Crete - Cities, Crete - Political organization, Crete - Tourism

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The late 18th century was a period of political, economic, intellectual, and cultural reform, the Enlightenment (represented by figures such as Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, and Adam Smith), but also involving early Romanticism, climaxed in the French Revolution, where freedom of the individual and nation was asserted against privilege and custom. Representing a great variety of types and theories, they largely respond to the disintegration of previous cultur ...

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German Confederation, German Confederation - Situation in space and time, German Confederation - Impact of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic invasions, German Confederation - Romanticism nationalism and Liberalism in the Vormärz era, German Confederation - Economic Integration, German Confederation - The Revolutions of 1848, German Confederation - Bismarck and the Wars of Unification, German Confederation - Territorial legacy, German Confederation - Notes, German Confederation - Sources and References

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The Free City of Danzig (German: Freie Stadt Danzig; Polish: Wolne Miasto Gdańsk) was a separate state established on 10 January 1920. Its territory included the city of Danzig and the surrounding area, which had previously (from 1815) been a part of Prussia (itself since 1871 a part of the German Empire). The Free City comprised 1,966 km² (754 mi²) including the cities of Danzig, Zoppot (Sopot), Tiegenhof (Nowy Dwór Gdański), and Neuteich (Nowy Staw), as well as 252 villages and 63 hamlets with a total population o ...

See also:

Free City of Danzig, Free City of Danzig - Napoleonic-era Danzig, Free City of Danzig - Interwar Danzig

Read more here: » Free City of Danzig: Encyclopedia II - Free City of Danzig - Interwar Danzig

Soon after implementation of the Munich Agreement of 29 September 1938 (by which Czechoslovakia lost much of its border region to Germany) Carpathian Ruthenia and Slovakia declared their autonomy within Czechoslovakia, which Prague accepted. The autonomous Carpathian Ruthenia (officially known as Subcarpathian Ruthenia until then) changed its name to "Carpatho-Ukraine" soon afterwards, in November 1938. In November 1938, under the First Vienna Award, which resulted from the Munich agreement, Nazi Germany and ...

See also:

Carpatho-Ukraine, Carpatho-Ukraine - History

Read more here: » Carpatho-Ukraine: Encyclopedia II - Carpatho-Ukraine - History

Main article: History of Ajaria Ajaria has been part of Colchis and Caucasian Iberia since ancient times. Colonized by Greeks in the 5th century BC, the region fell under Rome in the 2nd century BC. It became part of the region of Egrisi before being incorporated into the unified Georgian Kingdom in the 9th century AD. The Ottomans annexed the area in 1614 and forcibly Islamicized its people in over the following 260 years. They were forced to cede Ajaria to the ...

See also:

Ajaria, Ajaria - History, Ajaria - Law and government, Ajaria - Geography and climate, Ajaria - Climate, Ajaria - Economy, Ajaria - Population, Ajaria - Famous Ajarians

Read more here: » Ajaria: Encyclopedia II - Ajaria - History