Development of the S-75 started in 1953 at the Lavochkin OKB, under the direction of Petr Grushin. It was designed to attack non-manuvering high-altitude targets, namely US SAC B-52 bombers. Testing was underway by the middle of the decade. One night-time test was witnessed by a US Congressman travelling in the Soviet Union, who interpreted it as a flying saucer, thereby setting off a wave of panic in the US. The missile was first shown publicly ...

See also:

S-75 Dvina, S-75 Dvina - History, S-75 Dvina - Description, S-75 Dvina - Models

Read more here: » S-75 Dvina: Encyclopedia II - S-75 Dvina - History

Klaatu (Rennie) arrives in a flying saucer on The Mall in Washington, DC, wearing a silver spacesuit and helmet and accompanied by a large human-like robot called Gort (Martin). As Klaatu exits the saucer, he is welcomed not by politicians but by soldiers. Klaatu holds and activates a small device which opens with a snap: he is shot by a soldier who assumes the device is a weapon. In response to the shooting, the robot Gort activates and makes all weapons evaporate, from sidearms to artiller ...

See also:

The Day the Earth Stood Still, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Synopsis, The Day the Earth Stood Still - First Contact, The Day the Earth Stood Still - The Boarding House, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Bobby and Klaatu, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Klaatu and Barnhardt, The Day the Earth Stood Still - The Day the Earth Stood Still, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Klaatu barada nikto, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Critical reaction, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Interpretations, The Day the Earth Stood Still - Trivia

Read more here: » The Day the Earth Stood Still: Encyclopedia II - The Day the Earth Stood Still - Synopsis

Most critical observers, and the scientific mainstream, are convinced that crop circles are sniggles or hoaxes engineered by humans. This explanation, supported by the documentation produced by some crop-circle hoaxers, has the advantage of not requiring us first to assume the existence of flying saucers or other as-yet-unobserved phenomena. However, there are many contending hypotheses which assume that at least some crop circles are not the products of mundane hoaxers; these hypotheses vary in their degree of scientific rigor, b ...

See also:

Crop circle, Crop circle - History of crop circles, Crop circle - Crop circle designs, Crop circle - Contending beliefs, Crop circle - Hoaxed circles, Crop circle - Response to these claims, Crop circle - Advertising, Crop circle - Conclusions, Crop circle - Similar phenomena, Crop circle - In fiction

Read more here: » Crop circle: Encyclopedia II - Crop circle - Contending beliefs

Most critical observers, and the scientific mainstream, are convinced that crop circles are sniggles or hoaxes engineered by humans. This explanation, supported by the documentation produced by some crop-circle hoaxers, has the advantage of not requiring us first to assume the existence of flying saucers or other as-yet-unobserved phenomena. However, there are many contending hypotheses which assume that at least some crop circles are not the products of mundane hoaxers; these hypotheses vary in their degree of scientific rigor, b ...

See also:

Crop circle, Crop circle - History of crop circles, Crop circle - Crop circle designs, Crop circle - Contending beliefs, Crop circle - Hoaxed circles, Crop circle - Advertising, Crop circle - Similar phenomena, Crop circle - In fiction

Read more here: » Crop circle: Encyclopedia II - Crop circle - Contending beliefs

In May 1955, Vallee first sighted a flying saucer over his Pontoise home. Six years later in 1961, while working on the staff of the French Space Committee, Vallee witnessed the destruction of the tracking tapes of unknown objects orbiting the earth. These events contributed to Vallee's long-standing interest in the UFO phenomenon. In the mid 1960s, like many other UFO researchers, Vallee initially attempted to validate the popular extraterrestrial hypothesis. However, by 1969, his conclusions had changed, and ...

See also:

Jacques Vallee, Jacques Vallee - Life, Jacques Vallee - UFO Research and Academic Work, Jacques Vallee - UFO Books, Jacques Vallee - Film Appearances, Jacques Vallee - Research papers

Read more here: » Jacques Vallee: Encyclopedia II - Jacques Vallee - UFO Research and Academic Work

Power Centers, Power Spots, Power Places, Sacred Sites

Places on the planet that have extra special energy. Power Centers include places like Stonehenge, the Great Pyramid, Machu Picchu, Mt. Shasta, and the Vortexwa in Sedona. New Agers believe that Power Spots are directly connected with:

1)    Ancient civilizations

2)    Secret societies

3)    Flying saucers, and

4)    Planetary Chakras

New Agers like to visit Power Spots because they consider them places for

1)    Great Meditation and

2)    Great Sex

(See also: Power Centers, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Power Centers, Power Spots, Power Places, Sacred Sites

Places on the planet that have extra special energy. Power Centers include places like Stonehenge, the Great Pyramid, Machu Picchu, Mt. Shasta, and the Vortexwa in Sedona. New Agers believe that Power Spots are directly connected with:

1)    Ancient civilizations

2)    Secret societies

3)    Flying saucers, and

4)    Planetary Chakras

New Agers like to visit Power Spots because they consider them places for

1)    Great Meditation and

2)    Great Sex

(See also: Power Centers, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

The unique architecture of the Space Needle is the result of a compromise between designs. The two leading ideas for the World Fair involved businessman Edward Carlson's sketch of a giant balloon tethered to the ground (see the gently sloping base) and architect John Graham's concept of a flying saucer (see the halo that houses the restaurant and observation deck). The Space Needle was built to withstand severe earthquakes by doubling the building code of 1962. But an earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter Scale jolted the Needle enough i ...

See also:

Space Needle, Space Needle - Architecture, Space Needle - History, Space Needle - Admission, Space Needle - Jumpers, Space Needle - Collapse of the Space Needle, Space Needle - Cultural references

Read more here: » Space Needle: Encyclopedia II - Space Needle - Architecture

1950 Destination Moon —Academy Award for Visual Effects —Retroactive Hugo Award, 2001 Prehistoric Women Rocketship X-M The Flying Saucer The Perfect Woman Two Lost Worlds 1951 Flight to Mars The Day the Earth Stood Still Five Jungle Manhunt Lost Continent Lost Planet Airmen< ...

See also:

List of science fiction films, List of science fiction films - Before 1930, List of science fiction films - 1930s, List of science fiction films - 1940s, List of science fiction films - 1950s, List of science fiction films - 1960s, List of science fiction films - 1970s, List of science fiction films - 1980s, List of science fiction films - 1990s, List of science fiction films - 2000s, List of science fiction films - Forthcoming

Read more here: » List of science fiction films: Encyclopedia II - List of science fiction films - 1950s

Melvin Belli - Bibliography. 1950, The Voice of Modern Trials 1951, The Adequate Award 1952, The More Adequate Award 1952, The More Adequate Award and the Flying Saucers 1954, Modern Trials (6 volumes) 1955, The Use of Demonstrative Evidence in Achieving the More Adequate Award 1955, Medical Malpractice 1956, Blood Money Ready for the Plaintiff 1956, Ready for the Plaintiff: A S ...

See also:

Melvin Belli, Melvin Belli - Education and early career, Melvin Belli - King of Torts, Melvin Belli - Filmed icon, Melvin Belli - Author, Melvin Belli - Personal life and finances, Melvin Belli - Quote, Melvin Belli - Bibliography, Melvin Belli - Filmography as actor

Read more here: » Melvin Belli: Encyclopedia II - Melvin Belli - Quote

Eek! The Cat - Episodes. Eek! The Cat - Season 1. MiserEek Bearz'n the Hood Catsonova Eek! vs. the Flying Saucer HallowEek Cape Fur HawaiiEek 5-0 Eek's International Adventure Great Balls of Fur! The Whining Pirates of Tortuga The Eekcidental Tourist The Eeksterminator Its A Wonderful Nine Lives Eek! The Cat - Season 2. Shar ...

See also:

Eek! The Cat, Eek! The Cat - Characters, Eek! The Cat - Cast, Eek! The Cat - Cameo appearances, Eek! The Cat - Credits, Eek! The Cat - Episodes, Eek! The Cat - Season 1, Eek! The Cat - Season 2, Eek! The Cat - Season 3, Eek! The Cat - Season 4, Eek! The Cat - Season 5, Eek! The Cat - Video Game

Read more here: » Eek! The Cat: Encyclopedia II - Eek! The Cat - Credits

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view. Theories of pre-Columbian contact have been fairly popular in the Western world since the 16th century. Several reasons may account for the spread of these diffusionist theories, including political propaganda, apology of colonialism, and the backing of priority claims. Proponents of such contacts often stated or implied the ethnocentric premise that Native Americans — generally portrayed as savages — could not have developed the sophisticated techn ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview

The isolationist "dogma" was particularly weakened by the realization that pre-Columbian trans-oceanic voyages were technically quite possible. After all, the only essential requirements for a successful trans-oceanic trip are a boat that can withstand the open ocean weather for a few months, and means to store or obtain enough food and water to keep the crew alive for that duration. The historical and experimental evidence gathered over the last few decades shows that these ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels

The case of the Viking trips to North America stands out as being fairly well supported by both historical and archaeological evidence. The so-called Vinland sagas of Icelandic and Norse literature tell of travels by Leif Ericson and other Vikings, around the year 1000, to a land called Vinland to the west of Greenland. The speculation that Vinland may have been North America has been fairly popular since the 19th century, and was even accepted as fact on some countries. The shipbuilding and navigational skills of the Viking were well-known, and any ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians. The realization that Polynesians had been able to spread as far as Easter Island by boat led to theories of trans-Pacific contacts with Oceania. The presence in Polynesia of the kumara (sweet potato), a plant native to the Americas, has been cited as possible evidence of contacts. Over the last 20 years, the dates and anatomical features of human remains found in Mexico and South America have led some archaeologists to propose that those regions wer ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians. According to the 16th century Spanish historian Oviedo, who relies on Brother Theophilus of Cremona, who in turn cites Aristotle, the ancient Carthaginians had discovered an abundant land beyond the Pillars of Hercules, and guarded their secret so that no other nation could conquer that land. Oviedo goes on to argue that the Hesperides of ancient myth were not the Canary Islands, as was the contemporary interpretation, but actually the W ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents

There are many historically-based claims of trans-oceanic contacts in the 15th century — before Columbus, but too late to have had any influence on the development of the New World civilizations. Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He. The achievements of Chinese navigation have been widely known in the West at least since the work of Joseph Needham and John King Fairbank in the 1950s. Gavin Menzies, in his book 1421: The Year China Discovered The World, popularized the further and highly ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts

While most claims of trans-oceanic contact are about non-Americans traveling to the Americas, there are a few reports of trips in the other direction Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus. Pomponius Mela (Lib.III,Chap.5) writes, and is copied by Pliny the Elder, that Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer, proconsul in Gaul received 'several Indians' (Indi) as a present from a Germanic king. The Indians were driven by a storm to the coasts of Germania (in tempestatem ex Indicis aequo ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts

A number of diffusionist theories involving ancient visitors are mandated by or inspired on religious beliefs. The Book of Mormon, for instance, holds that a number of Israelites migrated from the Middle East to ancient America around 600 to 700 BC. Others have speculated that one of the lost tribes of Israel may have ended up in America. ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts

A number of diffusionist theories involving ancient visitors are mandated by or inspired on religious beliefs. The Book of Mormon, for instance, holds that a number of Israelites migrated from the Middle East to ancient America around 600 to 700 BC. Others have speculated that one of the lost tribes of Israel may have ended up in America. ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Culdee Monks, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - English, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view. Theories of pre-Columbian contact have been fairly popular in the Western world since the 16th century. Several reasons may account for the spread of these diffusionist theories, including political propaganda, apology of colonialism, and the backing of priority claims. Proponents of such contacts often stated or implied the ethnocentric premise that Native Americans — generally portrayed as savages — could not have developed the sophisticated techn ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Culdee Monks, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - English, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview

The isolationist "dogma" was particularly weakened by the realization that pre-Columbian trans-oceanic voyages were technically quite possible. After all, the only essential requirements for a successful trans-oceanic trip are a boat that can withstand the open ocean weather for a few months, and means to store or obtain enough food and water to keep the crew alive for that duration. The historical and experimental evidence gathered over the last few decades shows that these ...

See also:

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Overview, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The diffusionist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist view, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Bering Land Bridge model, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The isolationist dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lessening of the dogma, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bering Land Bridge model in question, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Historical long-range travels, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Modern experiments, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - The Vikings in Newfoundland, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on cultural and biological similarities, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Polynesians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Africans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Egyptians and Mesopotamians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Phoenicians Greek and Romans, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Chinese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Indians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Claims based on legends and documents, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Carthaginians, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Saint Brendan, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Culdee Monks, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Prince Madoc of Wales, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zichmni aka Robert Sinclair, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Late contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Zheng He, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Spanish, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Portuguese, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Dutch, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - English, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Reverse contacts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Caecilius Metellus, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Antonio Galvano, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bartolomé de las Casas, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Lost continents flying saucers and La Merika, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Religious accounts, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact - Feasibilty of trans-oceanic travels