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A Wisdom Archive on floppy disk

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ARTICLES RELATED TO floppy disk

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Home computer - Concise history

In a manner resembling the expansion of new animal forms in the Cambrian period, large numbers of new machines of all types, including such exotica as the Forth-based Jupiter ACE appeared on the market, and disappeared again. A few types remained for much longer, such as the BBC Micro and Commodore 64 which still have a devoted following. However by the end of the decade most were squeezed out between the IBM compatible Personal Computer and the newer generations of video game consoles because they each used their own incompatible formats. T ...

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Home computer, Home computer - Concise history, Home computer - Notable home computers, Home computer - Notable game consoles, Home computer - Notes

Read more here: » Home computer: Encyclopedia II - Home computer - Concise history

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Policenauts - Versions

Policenauts - NEC PC-9821. The initial version of Policenauts for the PC-98 is the most primitive of all four. The graphics aren't up to par with the other versions and the FMV sequences weren't implemented yet. On the other hand, the PC-98 edition has the longest voice recording track of all versions and contains a few obscure scenes not in any of the console versions of the game. It is also the only version that has "talking heads", which show the character's emotion, displayed on the lower part of the screen w ...

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Policenauts, Policenauts - Release Dates, Policenauts - Storyline, Policenauts - Versions, Policenauts - NEC PC-9821, Policenauts - 3DO, Policenauts - Sony PlayStation, Policenauts - Sega Saturn, Policenauts - Cancelled U.S. Version, Policenauts - Cast of Characters

Read more here: » Policenauts: Encyclopedia II - Policenauts - Versions

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Optical disc recording technologies - Overburning

Overburning is the process of recording data past the normal size limit. Many disc manufacturers extend a recordable disc to leave a small margin of extra groove at the outer edge. This lead-out was originally intended to provide tolerance for the read head of an audio CD player should it overseek, by providing a padding of up to 90 seconds of silent digital audio. Recording onto the lead-out is possible with some combinations of CD recorder and authoring software. The actual amount of data that a disc will hold d ...

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Optical disc recording technologies, Optical disc recording technologies - Recording modes, Optical disc recording technologies - Overburning, Optical disc recording technologies - Buffer underrun protection, Optical disc recording technologies - Packet writing, Optical disc recording technologies - Specific proprietary technologies, Optical disc recording technologies - BurnProof, Optical disc recording technologies - SafeBurn, Optical disc recording technologies - Power Burn, Optical disc recording technologies - JustSpeed, Optical disc recording technologies - LightScribe

Read more here: » Optical disc recording technologies: Encyclopedia II - Optical disc recording technologies - Overburning

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Oberon programming language - Design goals

Oberon is designed to be a 'safe' language; it employs array bounds checking, garbage collection and strong type checking. These features, particularly ones which enable logic errors to be detected as early as possible (i.e. at compile-time), can significantly reduce the number of bugs occurring in a program at runtime. However, some features included in other languages in an attempt to reduce bugs (e.g. enumerations and programmer-defined ranges on integers), were omitted. Consequently, more care should be taken by the programmer, w ...

See also:

Oberon programming language, Oberon programming language - Design goals, Oberon programming language - Available implementations & further language variants

Read more here: » Oberon programming language: Encyclopedia II - Oberon programming language - Design goals

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - New Order - History

From 1978 to 1980, Curtis, Hook, Morris, and Sumner formed a creative and influential body of work as Joy Division, often featuring heavy production input from producer Martin Hannett. Curtis committed suicide just prior to the release of the band's second album, Closer, in May 1980. Intending not to let the band disappear with Curtis, the band rehearsed with each member taking turns at singing, ultimately choosing Sumner as the guitar was an easier instrument to play while singing. The group toured, th ...

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New Order, New Order - History, New Order - Movement, New Order - Power Corruption & Lies, New Order - Low-Life, New Order - Brotherhood, New Order - Substance, New Order - Technique, New Order - Republic / band hiatus, New Order - Get Ready, New Order - Waiting for the Sirens' Call, New Order - Aesthetics, New Order - Honours and recognition, New Order - Discography

Read more here: » New Order: Encyclopedia II - New Order - History

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Miranda IM - Development history

Miranda IM - Early days. Miranda IM was first started by Roland Rabien (figbug) on February 2, 2000. At that time, it was a minimalist ICQ clone and officially called Miranda ICQ. The first public release, version 0.0.1, was released in February 6, 2000. This release was made using LibICQ, had no support for message history, database, and plugins, and had a distribution size of less than 100KB. M ...

See also:

Miranda IM, Miranda IM - Connectivity, Miranda IM - Development history, Miranda IM - Early days, Miranda IM - Version 0.1.x, Miranda IM - Version 0.2.x, Miranda IM - Version 0.3.x, Miranda IM - Version 0.4.x, Miranda IM - Future plans

Read more here: » Miranda IM: Encyclopedia II - Miranda IM - Development history

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - No symbol - Uses

The "no" symbol is used on traffic signs, so that drivers can interpret traffic laws quickly while driving. For example: No left turn No U-turn No parking By analogy, the symbol is used in public places to refer to prohibited actions not having to do with traffic: No smoking (with icon of a lit cigarette) No littering (with icon of person throwing trash) No swimming (wit ...

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No symbol, No symbol - Uses, No symbol - Variants

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floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Memory card - Data table of selected memory card formats

Since many EEPROM devices only allow a finite number of write cycles, some of these cards incorporate wear levelling algorithms to spread the wear and to avoid wearing out specific places which are often written to. ...

See also:

Memory card, Memory card - Data table of selected memory card formats

Read more here: » Memory card: Encyclopedia II - Memory card - Data table of selected memory card formats

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Murphy's law - The spirit of the law

Regardless of the exact composition and origin of the phrase, its spirit embodies the principle of defensive design — anticipating the mistakes the end-user is likely to make. Murphy's g-force sensors failed because there existed two different ways to connect them; one way would result in correct readings, while the other would result in no readings at all. The end-user — Murphy's assistant, in the historical account — had a choice to make when connecting the wires. When the wrong choice was made, the sensors did not do their job properly. Thus, defensive design is s ...

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Murphy's law, Murphy's law - The letter of the law, Murphy's law - Variations, Murphy's law - The spirit of the law, Murphy's law - Examples

Read more here: » Murphy's law: Encyclopedia II - Murphy's law - The spirit of the law

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Calculator - History

Calculator - Origin: The Abacus. The first calculators were abacuses, and were often constructed as a wooden frame with beads sliding on wires. Abacuses were in use centuries before the adoption of the written Arabic numerals system and are still widely used by merchants and clerks in China and elsewhere. Calculator - The 17th century. Wilhelm Schickard built the first automatic calculator called the "Calculating Clock" in 1623. Some 20 years later, in 1645, French philosopher ...

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Calculator, Calculator - Overview, Calculator - Electronic calculators, Calculator - Personal computing, Calculator - History, Calculator - Origin: The Abacus, Calculator - The 17th century, Calculator - 1930s to 1960s, Calculator - 1970s to mid-1980s, Calculator - Mid-1980s to present, Calculator - Drawbacks, Calculator - Trivia, Calculator - Patents

Read more here: » Calculator: Encyclopedia II - Calculator - History

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Non-volatile memory - Mask-programmed ROM

One of the earliest forms of non-volatile read-only memory, the mask-programmed ROM was prewired at the design stage to contain specific data; once the mask was used to manufacture the integrated circuits, the data was cast in stone (or at least in silicon) and could not be changed. Whatever 1's and 0's were in memory when it left the factory were there for life. The mask ROM was therefore useful only for large-volume production, such as for read-only memories containing the startup code in early microcomputers. This programme was often referred to as the "bo ...

See also:

Non-volatile memory, Non-volatile memory - Mask-programmed ROM, Non-volatile memory - Programmable ROM, Non-volatile memory - Erasable PROMs, Non-volatile memory - UV-erase EPROM, Non-volatile memory - OTP one-time programmable ROM, Non-volatile memory - Electrically Erasable PROM, Non-volatile memory - Flash memory, Non-volatile memory - Battery-backed static RAM

Read more here: » Non-volatile memory: Encyclopedia II - Non-volatile memory - Mask-programmed ROM

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Modified Frequency Modulation - Coding

Notice that two "ones" can't appear together, and the maximum number of zeros in a row is three. This bit stream is then NRZI encoded to be written to disk, a 1 bit representing a magnetic transition, and a 0 bit no transition. Example: 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 ($A1) 0100010010101001 ($44A9) 0100010010001001 ($4489 - sync mark) ^ missing clock Hexadecimal 4489 is typically used as a unique synchronization mark. ...

See also:

Modified Frequency Modulation, Modified Frequency Modulation - Coding

Read more here: » Modified Frequency Modulation: Encyclopedia II - Modified Frequency Modulation - Coding

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Linux - Usability and market share

Once viewed as an operating system only computer professionals and aficionados could use, Linux distributions have become user-friendly, with many graphical interfaces and applications. Its market share of desktops is rapidly growing. According to market research company IDC, in 2002, only 25% of servers and 2.8% of desktop computers were already running Linux. However, argued advantages of Linux, such as lower cost, fewer security vulnerabilities [8] , and lack of vendor lock-in, have spurred a growing number of high-profile cases of ...

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Linux, Linux - History, Linux - Licensing, Linux - Pronunciation, Linux - Linux and GNU/Linux, Linux - Litigation, Linux - Distributions, Linux - Development efforts, Linux - Applications, Linux - Usability and market share, Linux - Installation, Linux - Demonstration, Linux - Configuration, Linux - Running Windows applications, Linux - Programming on Linux, Linux - Support, Linux - General, Linux - Lists, Linux - Magazines, Linux - Videos

Read more here: » Linux: Encyclopedia II - Linux - Usability and market share

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - MOS Technology SID - Technical details

The SID is a mixed-mode integrated circuit, featuring both digital and analog circuitry. All control ports are digital, but the output ports are analog. The SID features three-voice synthesis, where each voice may use one of four different waveforms: square wave (with variable pulse width), triangle wave, sawtooth wave and a pseudo-random (but not white noise) wave. Each voice may be ring modulated with one of the other waves, i.e. the frequency spectrum is multiplied and output. The ring modulation, filter, and programming techniques for switching between different waveforms at ...

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MOS Technology SID, MOS Technology SID - Design process, MOS Technology SID - Features, MOS Technology SID - Technical details, MOS Technology SID - Revisions, MOS Technology SID - Game audio, MOS Technology SID - Modern developments, MOS Technology SID - Notes

Read more here: » MOS Technology SID: Encyclopedia II - MOS Technology SID - Technical details

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Low bit - Overview

The low bit style emerged as an Avant-garde reaction to the bit rate snobbery in the organized music piracy (on peer-to-peer networks) and net label scenes. It also shares a strong do it yourself ethic with Punk ideology. Low bit music is distributed primarily through net labels. Unlike most net labels, many low bit labels do not focus on representing a single genre. Instead, the catalog of each label reveals ...

See also:

Low bit, Low bit - Overview, Low bit - Active Low bitrate Labels

Read more here: » Low bit: Encyclopedia II - Low bit - Overview

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Commodore SX-64 - Description

Aside from its built-in features and different form factor, there were several other subtle differences between the SX-64 and the regular C64. The default screen color was changed to blue text on a white background for improved readability on the smaller screen. This sometimes caused compatibility problems with programs that assumed the C64's default blue background. The default device for load and save operations was changed to the floppy drive. In addition, the cassette port and RF port were omitted from the SX-64 because it had a built-in ...

See also:

Commodore SX-64, Commodore SX-64 - Description, Commodore SX-64 - History, Commodore SX-64 - Technical information

Read more here: » Commodore SX-64: Encyclopedia II - Commodore SX-64 - Description

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Copland - Design

With System 7.5 released in autumn 1994, Apple management decided that the decade-old Macintosh operating system had run its course. The system not only lacked a number of features expected from any modern OS, but was growing increasingly unstable due to the lack of protected memory. The number of crashes suffered by users was increasing all the time, and was becoming a real concern. An entirely new operating system with more advanced features would be needed for the platform to compete with upcom ...

See also:

Copland, Copland - Background, Copland - Design, Copland - Development, Copland - Cancellation

Read more here: » Copland: Encyclopedia II - Copland - Design

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Cornerstone software - History and development

In the 1980s, Infocom was widely-known as a computer game developer and publisher. It developed the most popular works of interactive fiction available at the time and, in fact, can be considered a pioneer of the genre. However, games were only considered a "jumping off" point for the company. Infocom was originally established as an outlet to develop "serious" products. Before forming the company, several of the founders had created the game Zork on mainframes while attending or working at MIT. When they joined to form Infocom ...

See also:

Cornerstone software, Cornerstone software - History and development, Cornerstone software - External link

Read more here: » Cornerstone software: Encyclopedia II - Cornerstone software - History and development

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Cosmic Osmo - Game Mechanics

The game features a point and click interface. The player clicks on various elements on a scene to trigger events. To move between scenes and rooms, the player clicks on doors or near the edge of the screen. The game begins when the player clicks on the animated spaceship hovering in front of the title screen, revealing an opening door on the side of the ship. Clicking the door makes the player enter the ship. While ...

See also:

Cosmic Osmo, Cosmic Osmo - Game Mechanics, Cosmic Osmo - Goals and Artistic Design, Cosmic Osmo - Music and Sound, Cosmic Osmo - Development, Cosmic Osmo - System requirements CD-ROM Version

Read more here: » Cosmic Osmo: Encyclopedia II - Cosmic Osmo - Game Mechanics

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Commodore Plus/4 - Plus/4 weaknesses

The Plus/4 had three shortcomings, which proved fatal: unlike the C64's VIC II, the TED had no sprite capability, which strongly limited its video game graphics capabilities. Also, its tone generator was much closer to the VIC in quality than to the C64's SID, which, again, made the Plus/4 less attractive to game developers. Finally, the lack of these capabilities made C64 software compatibility impossible. Commodore may not have believed this to be a problem, as the successful C64 was incompatible with most VIC-20 software — but the C64 h ...

See also:

Commodore Plus/4, Commodore Plus/4 - Background, Commodore Plus/4 - Plus/4 strengths, Commodore Plus/4 - Plus/4 weaknesses, Commodore Plus/4 - Specifications, Commodore Plus/4 - Trivia

Read more here: » Commodore Plus/4: Encyclopedia II - Commodore Plus/4 - Plus/4 weaknesses

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Commodore 64 peripherals - Storage

Commodore 64 peripherals - Floppy disk drives. Although not always supplied with the machine, floppy disk drives of the 5¼ inch (Commodore 1541 and 1571) and, later, 3½ inch (1581) variety were available. The 1541 was excruciatingly slow in loading programs because of a poorly-implemented serial bus, a legacy of the Commodore VIC-20. A common joke advised users to "go grab a cup of hot chocolate milk" afte ...

See also:

Commodore 64 peripherals, Commodore 64 peripherals - Storage, Commodore 64 peripherals - Floppy disk drives, Commodore 64 peripherals - Tape drives, Commodore 64 peripherals - Hard Drives and expansions, Commodore 64 peripherals - Input/Output, Commodore 64 peripherals - Serial communications, Commodore 64 peripherals - RAM expansions, Commodore 64 peripherals - Input devices, Commodore 64 peripherals - Other peripherals, Commodore 64 peripherals - Notes

Read more here: » Commodore 64 peripherals: Encyclopedia II - Commodore 64 peripherals - Storage

floppy disk: Encyclopedia II - Commodore 128 - Technical overview

The C128 was a significantly expanded, and compatible, successor to the earlier C64, the new machine featuring 128 KB RAM (externally expandable to 640K) and an 80-column RGB monitor output (driven by the 8563 VDC chip with 16 KB dedicated video RAM), as well as a redesigned case/keyboard with a numeric keypad. Instead of the 6510 CPU of the C64, the C128 incorporated a two-CPU design. The primary CPU, the 8502, was a slightly improved version of the 6510; its main addition was the ability to run at a 2 MHz clock rate (however, th ...

See also:

Commodore 128, Commodore 128 - Technical overview, Commodore 128 - C128 Mode, Commodore 128 - CP/M Mode, Commodore 128 - C64 Mode, Commodore 128 - RAM setup, Commodore 128 - 128D; RGB graphics, Commodore 128 - Market performance, Commodore 128 - C128 trivia, Commodore 128 - Specifications

Read more here: » Commodore 128: Encyclopedia II - Commodore 128 - Technical overview

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