Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior considered as a branch of zoology. A scientist who practices ethology is called an ethologist. Ethology - Origins of the name. The term “ethology” derives from the Greek language, as ethos (ήθος) is the Greek word for "custom". Other words that derive from the Greek word "ethos" are: "ethics" and "ethical." The term was first popularised in English by the American Myrmecologist William Morton Wheeler in 1902. An earlier, slightly diff ...

Including:

Ethology - Origins of the name Ethology - Differences and similarities with comparative psychology Ethology - Darwinism and the beginnings of ethology Ethology - The Fixed Action Pattern and animal communication Ethology - Imprinting Ethology - Tinbergen's four questions for ethologists Ethology - The flowering of ethology Ethology - Social ethology and recent developments Ethology - Notes Ethology - List of ethologists

Read more here: » Ethology: Encyclopedia - Ethology

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Ethology, Ethology - Origins of the name, Ethology - Differences and similarities with comparative psychology, Ethology - Darwinism and the beginnings of ethology, Ethology - The Fixed Action Pattern and animal communication, Ethology - Imprinting, Ethology - Tinbergen's four questions for ethologists, Ethology - The flowering of ethology, Ethology - Social ethology and recent developments, Ethology - Notes, Ethology - List of ethologists

Read more here: » Ethology: Encyclopedia II - Ethology - The flowering of ethology

Definition and meaning of fixed action pattern:

fixed action pattern - in ethology or animal behavior, a complex behavioral response which once released by a key stimulus, runs to completion. It is performed in a very similar way by its individual members; also called " modal action pattern" because of individual variations in behavior

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Through the work of Lorenz and Tinbergen, ethology developed strongly in continental Europe in the years before World War II. After the war, Tinbergen moved to the University of Oxford, and ethology became stronger in the UK, with the additional influence of William Thorpe, Robert Hinde and Patrick Bateson at the Sub-department of Animal Behaviour of the University of Cambridge, located in the village of Madingley. In this period, too, ethology began to develop strongly in North America. Lorenz, Tinbergen, and von Frisch were jointly awarded the Nobe ...

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Ethology, Ethology - Origins of the name, Ethology - Differences and similarities with comparative psychology, Ethology - Darwinism and the beginnings of ethology, Ethology - The fixed action pattern and animal communication, Ethology - Imprinting, Ethology - Tinbergen's four questions for ethologists, Ethology - The flowering of ethology, Ethology - Social ethology and recent developments, Ethology - Notes, Ethology - List of ethologists

Read more here: » Ethology: Encyclopedia II - Ethology - The flowering of ethology

Together with Nikolaas Tinbergen, Lorenz developed the idea of an innate releasing mechanism to explain instinctive behaviors (fixed action patterns). Influenced by the ideas of William McDougall, Lorenz developed this into a "psychohydraulic" model of the motivation of behavior. These ideas were influential as ethology became more popular in the 1960s, but they are now regarded as outdated because of their use of an energy flow metaphor; the nervous system and the control of behavior are now normally treated as involving information transmi ...

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Konrad Lorenz, Konrad Lorenz - Biography, Konrad Lorenz - Politics, Konrad Lorenz - Contributions and legacy, Konrad Lorenz - Works

Read more here: » Konrad Lorenz: Encyclopedia II - Konrad Lorenz - Contributions and legacy

The United States legal code (18 USC 921) defines the shotgun as "a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder, and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger." This definition, however, does not exactly match the technical use of the term, which would include the growing number of shotguns specifically designed to ...

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Shotgun, Shotgun - Definition, Shotgun - History, Shotgun - The 19th century, Shotgun - John Browning, Shotgun - The World Wars, Shotgun - Late 20th Century to Present, Shotgun - Design factors, Shotgun - Action, Shotgun - Gauge, Shotgun - Shot, Shotgun - Pattern and choke, Shotgun - Barrel length, Shotgun - Common uses, Shotgun - Ammunition, Shotgun - Specialty ammunition, Shotgun - Legal Issues

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Definition and meaning of key stimulus:

key stimulus - in ethology or animal behavior, the stimulus which releases a fixed action pattern

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Definition and meaning of sign stimulus:

sign stimulus - the effective part of an action or object that triggers a highly stereotyped innate behavior (or fixed action pattern) in an animal by means of a hypothetical neural pathway called the innate releasing mechanism (IRM)

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Instinct is the inherent disposition of a living organism toward a particular action. Instincts are generally inherited patterns of responses or reactions to certain kinds of stimuli. In humans they are most easily observed in behaviors such as emotions, sexual drive, and other bodily functions, as these are largely biologically determined. Instinct provides a response to external stimuli, which moves an organism to action, unless overriden by intelligence, which is creative and hence far more versatile. Since instincts take generatio ...

Including:

Instinct - Overview Instinct - Evolution Instinct - Instincts in humans

Read more here: » Instinct: Encyclopedia - Instinct

Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures, instead of, or as a complement to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. In turn, it is one category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of human communication that are not language. Paralanguage including body language has been extensively studied in social psychology. In everyday speech and popular psychology, the term is most often applied to body language that is thought to be involuntary, but in fac ...

Including:

Body language - Voluntary body language Body language - Involuntary body language Body language - Origins of body language Body language - The importance of body language in groups Body language - Examples

Read more here: » Body language: Encyclopedia - Body language

Like most members of the subfamily, the Golden Hamster has expandable cheek pouches, which reach from its cheeks to its shoulders. In the wild, hamsters are larder hoarders, and they use their cheek pouches to transport food to their burrows. They can load a remarkable amount of food into their pouches; their name in the local Arabic dialect in the area where they are found translates as "father of saddlebags" أبو جراب. If food is plentiful, they will store it in large amounts, and it has been reported that 25 kg of grain wa ...

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Golden Hamster, Golden Hamster - Biology, Golden Hamster - Discovery

Read more here: » Golden Hamster: Encyclopedia II - Golden Hamster - Biology

Lorenz was a professor at the University of Vienna from 1928 to 1935 and a professor of psychology at the Immanuel Kant University in Königsberg (later the Soviet port of Kaliningrad) in 1940. He joined the Wehrmacht in 1941, and was a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union from 1944 to 1948. The Max Planck Society established the Lorenz Institute for Behavioral Physiology in Buldern, Germany, in 1950. In 1958, Lorenz transferred to the Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology in Seewiesen. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physio ...

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Konrad Lorenz, Konrad Lorenz - Biography, Konrad Lorenz - Politics, Konrad Lorenz - Contributions and legacy, Konrad Lorenz - Works

Read more here: » Konrad Lorenz: Encyclopedia II - Konrad Lorenz - Biography

Instinctive behavior can be demonstrated across much of the broad spectrum of animal life, down to bacteria that propel themselves toward beneficial substances, and away from repellent substances. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, a favorable trait, such as an instinct, will be selected for through competition and improved survival rate of life forms possessing the instinct. Thus, for evolutionary biology, instincts can be explained in t ...

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Instinct, Instinct - Overview, Instinct - Evolution, Instinct - Instincts in humans

Read more here: » Instinct: Encyclopedia II - Instinct - Evolution

The relation of body language to animal communication has often been discussed. Human paralanguage may represent a continuation of forms of communication that our non-linguistic ancestors already used, or it may be that it has been changed by co-existing with language. Some species of animals are especially adept at detecting human body language, both voluntary and involuntary: this is the basis of the Clever Hans effect (a source of artifact in comparative psychology), and was also the reason for trying to teach the chimpanzee Washoe Americ ...

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Body language, Body language - Voluntary body language, Body language - Involuntary body language, Body language - Origins of body language, Body language - The importance of body language in groups, Body language - Examples

Read more here: » Body language: Encyclopedia II - Body language - Origins of body language

Some sociobiologists and ethologists have attempted to comprehend human and animal social behavior in terms of instincts. Psychoanalysts have stated that instinct refers to human motivational forces (such as sex and aggression), sometimes represented as life instinct and death instinct. This use of the term motivational forces has mainly been replaced by the term instinctual drives. Instincts in humans can also be seen in what are called instinctive reflexes. Reflexes, such as the Babinski Ref ...

See also:

Instinct, Instinct - Overview, Instinct - Evolution, Instinct - Instincts in humans

Read more here: » Instinct: Encyclopedia II - Instincts in humans

Instinctive behavior can be demonstrated across much of the broad spectrum of animal life, down to bacteria that propel themselves toward beneficial substances, and away from repellent substances. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, a favorable trait, such as an instinct, will be selected for through competition and improved survival rate of life forms possessing the instinct. Thus, for evolutionary biology, instincts can be explained in t ...

See also:

Instinct, Instinct - Overview, Instinct - Evolution, Instinct - Instincts in humans

Read more here: » Instinct: Encyclopedia II - Evolution

In 1839 British zoologist George Robert Waterhouse reportedly found an elderly female hamster in Syria, naming it Cricetus auratus, the Golden Hamster. The hamster's fur was on display at the British Museum (Natural History). The Syrian Hamster was then ignored by European science for the next century. Around 1930, zoologist and Professor at the University of Jerusalem Israel Aharoni found a mother and litter of hamsters in the Syrian desert. By the time he got back to his lab, most had died or escaped. The remaining hamsters were giv ...

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Golden Hamster, Golden Hamster - Biology, Golden Hamster - Discovery

Read more here: » Golden Hamster: Encyclopedia II - Golden Hamster - Discovery

Some sociobiologists and ethologists have attempted to comprehend human and animal social behavior in terms of instincts. Psychoanalysts have stated that instinct refers to human motivational forces (such as sex and aggression), sometimes represented as life instinct and death instinct. This use of the term motivational forces has mainly been replaced by the term instinctual drives. Instincts in humans can also be seen in what are called instinctive reflexes. Reflexes, such as the Babinski Ref ...

See also:

Instinct, Instinct - Overview, Instinct - Evolution, Instinct - Instincts in humans

Read more here: » Instinct: Encyclopedia II - Instinct - Instincts in humans

Showing one's palms to the listeners may mean openness and honesty, hiding the palms may mean deceit. Moving the hands close to the mouth or touching the nose may also indicate deceit. Pointing with a leg or knee towards another person may mean interest or acceptance of said person. Pointing your body away from the one you talk to means you would rather not be talking to the person and would rath ...

See also:

Body language, Body language - Voluntary body language, Body language - Involuntary body language, Body language - Origins of body language, Body language - The importance of body language in groups, Body language - Examples

Read more here: » Body language: Encyclopedia II - Body language - Examples

This is a sitemap for Oceanography - F . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. The sitemap(s) covers over 5.184 different Oceanography terms.

fa, facies, facultative, facultative mutualism, fagatele bay national marine sanctuary, faginism, fahrenheit temperature scale, falcate, falciform, falculate, family, fan palm, faq, farctate, faro, fat, fathom, fathometer, fatty acid, fault, fault zone, fauna, feather star, feces, fecundity, federal geographic data committee, federal information processing standards, federal waters, feeding guild, feral, fermentation, fermi, ferruginous, fertilization, fetch, fgdc, fibrillose, fibropapillomatosis, fide, field guide, field research, fila, filamentous, filefish, filial, filiform, filiform tentacle, filter feeder, fimbriate, fin, fin membrane, fin ray, fine sediment, fingerling, finlet, fips codes, fire coral, fire wall, first revisor, first stage regulator, firth, fish barcode of life, fish census, fish kill, fish louse, fish replenishment area, fishbase, fish-bol initiative, fisher, fisherman, fishery, fishery closure area, fishery conservation and management act, fishery management council, fisheye lens, fishing mortality, fissure, fistula, fistule, fitness, five prime and three prime ends, fixed action pattern, fjord, flabellate, flabelliform, flaccid, flagellate, flagellated chamber, flagelliform, flagellum, flagship species, flange, flaring corallite, flat, flatfish, flavescent, flock, flood tide, floodplain, flora, florida current, florida keys national marine sanctuary, florida reef tract, floridean starch, floriform, flotsam, flow cytometry, flower garden banks national marine sanctuary, fluctuating asymmetry, fluorescence, fluorescence in situ hybridization, fluorescent pigment, fluorometer, flushing, flushing time, fluting, flux, flyway, focal species, foliaceous, foliform, foliose coral, food chain / food web, food pyramid, foot, forage, forage fishes, foramen, foraminifera, fore reef, fore reef escarpment, fore reef slope, fore reef terrace, foreign fishing, formal metadata, formalin, formenkreis, fossa, fossorial, foveolate corallite, fractal, fractal geometry, fragile, fragmentation, framework, free, free dive, free energy, free radical, free-living coral, freely associated state, french frigate shoals, frequency, frequency distribution, frequency of recombination, frequently asked questions, freshwater lens, fringing reef, frogfish, frond, front, frontal threat display, frugivore, frustule, fry, fucoid, fulvous, fundamental niche, fungi, fungicide, funnel organ, furcate, fusiform,

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Oceanography Dictionary, Oceanography Dictionary - A-Z,
Oceanography Dictionary - A, Oceanography Dictionary - B, Oceanography Dictionary - C, Oceanography Dictionary - D, Oceanography Dictionary - E, Oceanography Dictionary - F, Oceanography Dictionary - G, Oceanography Dictionary - H, Oceanography Dictionary - I, Oceanography Dictionary - J, Oceanography Dictionary - K, Oceanography Dictionary - L, Oceanography Dictionary - M, Oceanography Dictionary - N, Oceanography Dictionary - O, Oceanography Dictionary - P, Oceanography Dictionary - Q, Oceanography Dictionary - R, Oceanography Dictionary - S, Oceanography Dictionary - T, Oceanography Dictionary - U, Oceanography Dictionary - V, Oceanography Dictionary - W, Oceanography Dictionary - X, Oceanography Dictionary - Y, Oceanography Dictionary - Z,

Oceanography, Coral Reef, Environment, Sustainability, Climate Change,

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