Fermilab

Particle accelerator Penning trap positron antiproton antineutron Antimuon Antitauon Electron antineutrino Muon antineutrino Tau antineutrino PET Fuel Weaponry CERN ATRAP ATHENA Paul Dirac Carl Anderson Antimatter or contra-terrene matter is matter that is composed of the antiparticles of those that c ...

Including:

• Antimatter - History
• Antimatter - Antimatter production
• Antimatter - Notation
• Antimatter - Antimatter as fuel
• Antimatter - The Antiuniverse
• Antimatter - Antimatter in popular culture

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Ames Laboratory is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory located in Ames, Iowa. Compared to most other DOE laboratories, it is small, employing about 500 people. It is located on the campus of Iowa State University. Ames Laboratory - History. The lab was started as part of the Manhattan Project. Its purpose was to produce high purity uranium from uranium ores. Frank Spedding lead the effort to develop the thermite process for this purpose. Most of the uranium used in the first sel ...

Including:

• Ames Laboratory - History

Read more here: » Ames Laboratory: Encyclopedia - Ames Laboratory

ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) is one of the five particle detector experiments (ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, TOTEM, and LHCb) being constructed at the Large Hadron Collider, a new particle accelerator at CERN in Switzerland. It will be 45 metres long and 25 metres in diameter, and will weigh about 7,000 tonnes. The project involves roughly 2,000 scientists and engineers at 151 institutions in 34 countries. The construction is scheduled to be completed in 2007. The experiment is expecte ...

Including:

• ATLAS experiment - Background
• ATLAS experiment - Physics program
• ATLAS experiment - Components
• ATLAS experiment - Inner Detector
• ATLAS experiment - Calorimeters
• ATLAS experiment - Muon spectrometer
• ATLAS experiment - Magnet system
• ATLAS experiment - Data systems and analysis

Read more here: » ATLAS experiment: Encyclopedia - ATLAS experiment

The University of Chicago is a private university primarily located in the Hyde Park neigborhood of Chicago, Illinois, founded in 1890, doors opened in 1892. The University also has several laboratories, research institutions, and campuses located at various national and international locales (such as the recently opened left-bank campus in Paris). The University was conceived as a unique combination of the American interdisciplinary liberal- ...

Including:

• University of Chicago - Location and campus
• University of Chicago - History
• University of Chicago - Divisions and schools
• University of Chicago - Ranking and reputation
• University of Chicago - Sports and traditions
• University of Chicago - Students alumni and faculty

Read more here: » University of Chicago: Encyclopedia - University of Chicago

Despite the belief by many that the existence of an alien technological civilization is not impossible, as of 2005 there has been no unambiguous evidence of intelligent extraterrestrial life. While many believe this is a vindication of the idea that we are alone in our galaxy (if not the universe) many theoreticians have proposed alternate explanations as to why the skies appear to be silent. Fermi paradox - They do not exist.... The simplest explanation is that we are alone in the galaxy. Several theories along these lines have b ...

See also:

Fermi paradox, Fermi paradox - Theorizing about extraterrestrial life: The basis of the paradox, Fermi paradox - Does it exist?, Fermi paradox - How common is it?: the Drake equation, Fermi paradox - Trying to resolve the paradox empirically: What we look for and how we look, Fermi paradox - The limits of searching, Fermi paradox - The dangers of anthropomorphism, Fermi paradox - What we might look for, Fermi paradox - How we've been looking, Fermi paradox - What we've found, Fermi paradox - Trying to resolve the paradox theoretically: Explaining the silence, Fermi paradox - They do not exist..., Fermi paradox - They do exist but..., Fermi paradox - Further reading and references, Fermi paradox - External links, Fermi paradox - References, Fermi paradox - Fictional treatment

Read more here: » Fermi paradox: Encyclopedia II - Fermi paradox - Trying to resolve the paradox theoretically: Explaining the silence

Neutrinos can interact via the neutral current (involving the exchange of a Z boson) or charged current (involving the exchange of a W boson) weak interactions. In a neutral current interaction, the neutrino leaves the detector after having transfered some of its energy and momentum to a target particle. All three neutrino flavors can participate regardless of the neutrino energy. However, no neutrino flavor information is left behind. In a charged current interaction, the neutrino transforms into its partner lepton (el ...

See also:

Neutrino, Neutrino - Types of neutrinos, Neutrino - Flavor Oscillations, Neutrino - History, Neutrino - Mass, Neutrino - Neutrino sources, Neutrino - Human generated, Neutrino - The Earth, Neutrino - Atmospheric neutrinos, Neutrino - Solar neutrinos, Neutrino - Cosmological phenomena, Neutrino - Cosmic background radiation, Neutrino - Neutrino detection, Neutrino - Motivation for scientific interest in the neutrino

Read more here: » Neutrino: Encyclopedia II - Neutrino - Neutrino detection

In a circular accelerator, particles move in a circle until they reach sufficient energy. The particle track is typically bent into a circle using electromagnets. The advantage of circular accelerators over linear accelerators (linacs) is that the ring topology allows continued acceleration, as the particle can transit indefinitely. Another advantage is that a linac would have to be extremel ...

See also:

Particle accelerator, Particle accelerator - Linear particle accelerators, Particle accelerator - Circular accelerators, Particle accelerator - Synchrotron light, Particle accelerator - Synchrotron radiation, Particle accelerator - History of Cyclotrons and Defining, Particle accelerator - Tandem Electrostatic Accelerators, Particle accelerator - Targets and Detectors, Particle accelerator - Higher energies, Particle accelerator - Astrophysics

Read more here: » Particle accelerator: Encyclopedia II - Particle accelerator - Circular accelerators

List of Columbia University people - Politics military and law. Madeleine Albright - President Clinton's Secretary of State Bhimrao Ambedkar - (MA 1915, PhD 1928, LLD 1952 (hon.)) A founding father of modern India, architect of nation's constitution Hafizullah Amin - the second President of Afghanistan Marek Belka - Prime Minister of Poland since March 2004 Boutros Boutros-Ghali - (Fulbright Research Scholar, 1954-1955) Secretary-General of the United Nations Har ...

See also:

List of Columbia University people, List of Columbia University people - Nobel Laureates: Alumni or Alumni/Faculty, List of Columbia University people - Chemistry, List of Columbia University people - Economic science, List of Columbia University people - Literature, List of Columbia University people - Peace, List of Columbia University people - Physics, List of Columbia University people - Physiology or Medicine, List of Columbia University people - Nobel Laureates: Faculty Research Fellows Others, List of Columbia University people - Chemistry, List of Columbia University people - Economic science, List of Columbia University people - Literature, List of Columbia University people - Peace, List of Columbia University people - Physics, List of Columbia University people - Physiology or Medicine, List of Columbia University people - Notable Alumni, List of Columbia University people - Politics military and law, List of Columbia University people - Business, List of Columbia University people - Arts and literature, List of Columbia University people - Performing arts, List of Columbia University people - Journalism, List of Columbia University people - Science and technology, List of Columbia University people - Astronauts, List of Columbia University people - Academics and history, List of Columbia University people - Sports, List of Columbia University people - Notable faculty

Read more here: » List of Columbia University people: Encyclopedia II - List of Columbia University people - Notable Alumni

MiniBooNE consists of two parts: a beamline which produces a beam of a known type of neutrinos and a detector that detects the different types of neutrinos incident upon it. If neutrinos do not oscillate, only one type of charged lepton will appear in the detector; if they do oscillate, more than one type will be seen. The beam of neutrinos is produced by the protons from Fermilab's Booster. These protons have been accelerated by the Booster to an energy of 8 GeV. They slam into a beryllium target making a lot of nuclear debris. The d ...

See also:

MiniBooNE, MiniBooNE - History and motivation, MiniBooNE - Overview of the Experiment, MiniBooNE - Description of the Detector

Read more here: » MiniBooNE: Encyclopedia II - MiniBooNE - Overview of the Experiment

See Also: Iraq Timeline Liberian Crisis North Korean Crisis Hutton Inquiry Bloody Sunday Inquiry Road Map to Peace Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 2004 Canadian federal election 2004 U.S. Presidential Election 2004 ROC Presidential Election Same-sex Marriage SCO v. IBM War on Terrorism Afghanistan timeline November 2003 November 2003 - November 30 2003. Syria hands over 22 suspects to Turkey on Sunday in co ...

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November 2003, November 2003 - Events, November 2003 - November 30 2003, November 2003 - November 29 2003, November 2003 - November 28 2003, November 2003 - November 27 2003, November 2003 - November 26 2003, November 2003 - November 25 2003, November 2003 - November 24 2003, November 2003 - November 23 2003, November 2003 - November 22 2003, November 2003 - November 21 2003, November 2003 - November 20 2003, November 2003 - November 19 2003, November 2003 - November 18 2003, November 2003 - November 17 2003, November 2003 - November 16 2003, November 2003 - November 15 2003, November 2003 - November 14 2003, November 2003 - November 13 2003, November 2003 - November 12 2003, November 2003 - November 11 2003, November 2003 - November 10 2003, November 2003 - November 9 2003, November 2003 - November 8 2003, November 2003 - November 7 2003, November 2003 - November 6 2003, November 2003 - November 5 2003, November 2003 - November 4 2003, November 2003 - November 3 2003, November 2003 - November 2 2003, November 2003 - November 1 2003, November 2003 - Events by month

Read more here: » November 2003: Encyclopedia II - November 2003 - Events

The notion of a unit of social evolution and the term in a transliteration of the Greek word, was introduced in 1904 by the German evolutionary biologist Richard Semon in his work Die Mnemische Empfindungen in ihren Beziehungen zu den Originalenempfindungen translated in English in 1921 as The Mneme. In his book The Selfish Gene (1976), the ethologist Richard Dawkins coined the slightly different term "meme" to describe a unit of human cultural evolution analogous to the gene, arguing that replication also happens ...

See also:

Memetics, Memetics - History of the term, Memetics - Open questions, Memetics - Terminology, Memetics - Memeoid, Memetics - Memotype, Memetics - Meme-complex

Read more here: » Memetics: Encyclopedia II - Memetics - History of the term

On the left is the CKM Matrix along with a vector of strong force eigenstates of the quarks, and on the right is the weak force eigenstates of the quarks. The CKM matrix describes the probability of a transition from one quark q to another quark q' . This transition is proportional to . Experimentally, the magnitudes of the values in the matrix have been found to be roughly: ...

See also:

CKM matrix, CKM matrix - The matrix, CKM matrix - Counting, CKM matrix - Observations and predictions, CKM matrix - Weak universality, CKM matrix - The unitarity triangles

Read more here: » CKM matrix: Encyclopedia II - CKM matrix - The matrix

Related topics: CPT symmetry CKM matrix CP symmetry Chirality Each quark is assigned a baryon number, B  =  1/3, and a vanishing lepton number L  =  0. They have fractional electric charge, Q, either Q  =  +2/3 or Q  =  −1/3. The former are called up-type quarks, the latter, down-type quarks. Each quark is assigned a weak isospin: Tz  =  +1/2 for an up-type quar ...

See also:

Quark, Quark - Free quarks, Quark - Confinement and quark properties, Quark - Flavour, Quark - Spin, Quark - Colour, Quark - Quark masses, Quark - Current quark mass, Quark - Valence quark mass, Quark - Heavy quark masses, Quark - Properties of quarks, Quark - Antiquarks, Quark - Substructure, Quark - History

Read more here: » Quark: Encyclopedia II - Quark - Flavour

The University is located eight miles (13 km) south of the Loop in the Chicago neighborhoods of Hyde Park and Woodlawn. The campus is noted for its English Collegiate Gothic architecture (carried out entirely in limestone); the buildings and layout of the Main Quadrangle have been deliberately patterned after Oxford and Cambridge from the founding of the University. Buildings that are more contemporary have attempted to complement the style of the original buildings with mixed success. One of the most striking buildings is the brutalist Rege ...

See also:

University of Chicago, University of Chicago - Location and campus, University of Chicago - History, University of Chicago - Divisions and schools, University of Chicago - Ranking and reputation, University of Chicago - Sports and traditions, University of Chicago - Students alumni and faculty

Read more here: » University of Chicago: Encyclopedia II - University of Chicago - Location and campus

Related topics: CPT symmetry CKM matrix CP symmetry Chirality Each quark is assigned a baryon number, B  =  1/3, and a vanishing lepton number L  =  0. They have fractional electric charge, Q, either Q  =  +2/3 or Q  =  −1/3. The former are called up-type quarks, the latter, down-type quarks. Each quark is assigned a weak isospin: Tz  =  +1/2 for an up-type quar ...

See also:

Quark, Quark - Free quarks, Quark - Confinement and quark properties, Quark - Flavour, Quark - Spin, Quark - Colour, Quark - Quark masses, Quark - Current quark mass, Quark - Valence quark mass, Quark - Heavy quark masses, Quark - Properties of Quarks, Quark - Antiquarks, Quark - Substructure, Quark - History

Read more here: » Quark: Encyclopedia II - Quark - Flavour

Naperville was founded in 1831 by Joseph Naper. It briefly served as the DuPage county seat, before nearby Wheaton, Illinois appropriated that distinction one night in a bout of drunkenness (on the part of Naperville) and sign stealing (on the part of Wheaton)[1]. A predominantly rural community for most of its existence, Naperville experienced a population explosion in the 1980s and 1990s following the construction of the East-West Tollway (now known as the Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway) and North-South tollways. In the past two decades, it has nearly quadrupled in size as Chicagoland's urban sprawl brou ...

See also:

Naperville Illinois, Naperville Illinois - History, Naperville Illinois - Geography, Naperville Illinois - Demographics, Naperville Illinois - Services, Naperville Illinois - Naperville Fire and Police Departments, Naperville Illinois - Naperville Public Libraries, Naperville Illinois - Naperville Public Schools, Naperville Illinois - Naperville Park District facilities, Naperville Illinois - Transportation, Naperville Illinois - Sister City, Naperville Illinois - Events

Read more here: » Naperville Illinois: Encyclopedia II - Naperville Illinois - History

Batavia is located at 41°50'48" North, 88°18'30" West (41.846562, -88.308441)GR1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.8 km² (9.2 mi²). 23.4 km² (9.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.52% water. ...

See also:

Batavia Illinois, Batavia Illinois - Geography, Batavia Illinois - Demographics

Read more here: » Batavia Illinois: Encyclopedia II - Batavia Illinois - Geography

Particle detector - At colliders. At CERN for the LEP ALEPH DELPHI L3 OPAL for the SPS Gargamelle NA49 for the LHC CMS ATLAS LHCb ALICE At Fermilab for the Tevatron CDF D0 At DESY for HERA H1 ZEUS At BNL for t ...

See also:

Particle detector, Particle detector - Types of detectors, Particle detector - Installations of particle detectors, Particle detector - At colliders, Particle detector - Without colliders, Particle detector - External references, Particle detector - General Information

Read more here: » Particle detector: Encyclopedia II - Particle detector - Installations of particle detectors

In a circular accelerator, particles move in a circle until they reach sufficient energy. The particle track is typically bent into a circle using electromagnets. The advantage of circular accelerators over linear accelerators (linacs) is that the ring topology allows continued acceleration, as the particle can transit indefinitely. Another advantage is that a linac would have to be extremel ...

See also:

Particle accelerator, Particle accelerator - Linear particle accelerators, Particle accelerator - Circular accelerators, Particle accelerator - Synchrotron light, Particle accelerator - Synchrotron radiation, Particle accelerator - History of Cyclotrons and Defining, Particle accelerator - Tandem Accelerators, Particle accelerator - Targets and Detectors, Particle accelerator - Higher energies, Particle accelerator - Astrophysics

Read more here: » Particle accelerator: Encyclopedia II - Particle accelerator - Circular accelerators

List of Cornell University people - Nobel laureates - Graduates. George W. Beadle (Ph.D. 1930) - Nobel laureate (Physiology/Medicine 1958) Pearl S. Buck (M.A. 1926) - author of the Pulitzer Prize winning novel, The Good Earth, and Nobel Prize laureate (1938, literature). Robert F. Engle (M.S. 1966, Ph.D. 1969) - co-winner of the 2003 Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for work modeling the volatility of time-series data Robert Fogel (B.A. 1948) - Nobel laureate (Economics ...

See also:

List of Cornell University people, List of Cornell University people - Alumni, List of Cornell University people - Nobel laureates - Graduates, List of Cornell University people - Government / Law / Public Policy, List of Cornell University people - Business, List of Cornell University people - Medicine, List of Cornell University people - Social Sciences, List of Cornell University people - Science and Technology, List of Cornell University people - NASA Astronauts, List of Cornell University people - Literature, List of Cornell University people - Fine arts, List of Cornell University people - Entertainment / Music / Sports, List of Cornell University people - Architecture, List of Cornell University people - Crime, List of Cornell University people - Faculty, List of Cornell University people - Nobel laureates, List of Cornell University people - Other notable faculty, List of Cornell University people - Fictional Cornellians, List of Cornell University people - University Presidents, List of Cornell University people - Trustees

Read more here: » List of Cornell University people: Encyclopedia II - List of Cornell University people - Alumni