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Fermat's last theorem

A Wisdom Archive on Fermat's last theorem

Fermat's last theorem

A selection of articles related to Fermat's last theorem

More material related to Fermats Last Theorem can be found here:
Index of Articles
related to
Fermats Last Theorem
Fermat's last theorem

ARTICLES RELATED TO Fermat's last theorem

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Marilyn vos Savant - Fermat's last theorem

Less favorable to Marilyn was the outcome of the controversy following the publication of her book The World's Most Famous Math Problem in November 1993, a few months after the announcement by Andrew Wiles that he had proved Fermat's last theorem. The book, which surveys the history of the theorem, drew criticism for its discontent with Wiles' proof; Marilyn was charged in making her case with misunderstanding mathematical induction, proof by contradiction, and imaginary numbers. Especially contested was her view that Wiles' proof sho ...

See also:

Marilyn vos Savant, Marilyn vos Savant - Biography, Marilyn vos Savant - What is her IQ?, Marilyn vos Savant - The Monty Hall problem, Marilyn vos Savant - Fermat's last theorem, Marilyn vos Savant - Works

Read more here: » Marilyn vos Savant: Encyclopedia II - Marilyn vos Savant - Fermat's last theorem

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Fermat's last theorem - History

Fermat's last theorem - Fermat's comment in the Arithmetica. In problem II.8 of his Arithmetica, Diophantus asks how to split a given square number into two other squares (in modern notation, given a rational number k, find u and v, both rational, such that k2 = u2 + v2), and shows how to solve the problem for See also:

Fermat's last theorem, Fermat's last theorem - History, Fermat's last theorem - Fermat's comment in the Arithmetica, Fermat's last theorem - Early history, Fermat's last theorem - The proof, Fermat's last theorem - Did Fermat really have a proof?, Fermat's last theorem - Trivia, Fermat's last theorem - Notes, Fermat's last theorem - Bibliography and further reading

Read more here: » Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Fermat's last theorem - History

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Fermat's last theorem - Did Fermat really have a proof?

This is the note that Fermat wrote in the margin of Arithmetica: Cubum autem in duos cubos, aut quadrato-quadratum in duos quadrato-quadratos, et generaliter nullam in infinitum ultra quadratum potestatem in duos eiusdem nominis fas est dividere cuius rei demonstrationem mirabilem sane detexi. Hanc marginis exiguitas non caperet. (It is impossible to separate a cube into two cubes, or a fourth power into two fourth powers, or in general, any power higher than the second into two like powers. I have discovered a truly ma ...

See also:

Fermat's last theorem, Fermat's last theorem - Mathematical context, Fermat's last theorem - Early history, Fermat's last theorem - The proof, Fermat's last theorem - Did Fermat really have a proof?, Fermat's last theorem - Trivia, Fermat's last theorem - Notes, Fermat's last theorem - Bibliography and further reading

Read more here: » Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Fermat's last theorem - Did Fermat really have a proof?

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Twin prime conjecture

The twin prime conjecture is a famous problem in number theory that involves prime numbers. It states: There are an infinite number of primes p such that p + 2 is also prime. Such a pair of prime numbers is called a twin prime. The conjecture has been researched by many number theorists. Mathematicians believe the conjecture to be true, based only on numerical evidence and heuristic r ...

Including:

Read more here: » Twin prime conjecture: Encyclopedia - Twin prime conjecture

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Partial results

In 1915, Viggo Brun showed that the sum of reciprocals of the twin primes was convergent. This famous result was the first use of the Brun sieve and helped initiate the development of modern sieve theory. The modern version of Brun's argument can be used to show that the number of twin primes less than N does not exceed CN / log2N for some absolu ...

See also:

Twin prime conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Partial results, Twin prime conjecture - Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Serious problem found in potential proof

Read more here: » Twin prime conjecture: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Partial results

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Partial results

In 1915, Viggo Brun showed that the sum of reciprocals of the twin primes was convergent. This famous result was the first use of the Brun sieve and helped initiate the development of modern sieve theory. The modern version of Brun's argument can be used to show that the number of twin primes less than N does not exceed for some absolute constant C > 0. In 1940, Paul Erdős showed that there is a constant c < 1 and infinitely many primes p such that p′ - p & ...

See also:

Twin prime conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Partial results, Twin prime conjecture - Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Serious problem found in potential proof

Read more here: » Twin prime conjecture: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Partial results

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - History

The history of the theorem called Pythagorean can be divided into three parts: knowledge of Pythagorean triples, knowledge of the relationship between the sides of a right triangle, and proofs of the theorem. Circa 2500 BC, Megalithic monuments on the British Isles incorporate right triangles with integer sides. B.L. van der Waerden conjectures that these Pythagorean triples were discovered algebraically. Written between 2000 - 1786 BC, the Middle Kingdom Egyptian papyrus Berlin 6619 includes a problem, the s ...

See also:

Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean theorem - History, Pythagorean theorem - Proofs, Pythagorean theorem - Geometrical proof, Pythagorean theorem - A visual proof, Pythagorean theorem - Converse of the theorem, Pythagorean theorem - Algebraic Proof, Pythagorean theorem - Pythagorean triples, Pythagorean theorem - Generalizations, Pythagorean theorem - The Pythagorean theorem in non-Euclidean geometry, Pythagorean theorem - Other facts, Pythagorean theorem - Notes

Read more here: » Pythagorean theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - History

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Conjecture - Famous conjectures

Until its proof in 1995, the most famous of all conjectures was the mis-named Fermat's last theorem - this conjecture became a true theorem only after its proof. In the process, a special case of the Taniyama-Shimura conjecture, itself a longstanding open problem, was proven; this conjecture has since been completely proven. Other famous conjectures include: There are no odd perfect numbers Goldbach's conjecture The twin prime conjecture The Collatz conjecture The Riemann hypothesis P ≠ NP The Poinca ...

See also:

Conjecture, Conjecture - Famous conjectures, Conjecture - Counterexamples, Conjecture - Use of conjectures in conditional proofs, Conjecture - Undecidable conjectures, Conjecture - Usage outside of mathematics

Read more here: » Conjecture: Encyclopedia II - Conjecture - Famous conjectures

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Adrien-Marie Legendre

Adrien-Marie Legendre (September 18, 1752 - January 10, 1833) was a French mathematician. He made important contributions to statistics, number theory, abstract algebra and mathematical analysis. Most of his work was brought to perfection by others: his work on roots of polynomials inspired Galois theory; Abel's work on elliptic functions was built on Legendre's; some of Gauss' work in statistics and number theory completed that of Legendre. In 1830 he gave a proof of Fermat's last theorem for exponent n = 5, ...

Read more here: » Adrien-Marie Legendre: Encyclopedia - Adrien-Marie Legendre

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Theodicy

Theodicy is a branch of theology that studies how the existence of a good or benevolent God is reconciled with the existence of evil. An attempt to reconcile the co-existence of evil and God is sometimes called "a theodicy". See the article on the problem of evil for examples. Theodicy - Origin of the term. The term theodicy comes from the Greek θεός (theós, "god") and δί ...

Including:

Read more here: » Theodicy: Encyclopedia - Theodicy

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Algebraic geometry

Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which, as the name suggests, combines abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with geometry. It can be seen as the study of solution sets of systems of algebraic equations. When there is more than one variable, geometric considerations enter and are important to understand the phenomenon. One can say that the subject starts where equation solving leaves off, and it becomes at least as important to understand the totality of solutions of a system of equations as to find som ...

Including:

Read more here: » Algebraic geometry: Encyclopedia - Algebraic geometry

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Kolmogorov complexity

In computer science, the Kolmogorov complexity (also known as descriptive complexity, Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity, stochastic complexity, algorithmic entropy, or program-size complexity) of an object such as a piece of text is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object. For example consider the following two strings of length 100 0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101 1100100001100001110111101110110011111010010 ...

Including:

Read more here: » Kolmogorov complexity: Encyclopedia - Kolmogorov complexity

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Conjecture

In mathematics, a conjecture is a mathematical statement which has been proposed as a true statement, but which no one has yet been able to prove or disprove. Once a conjecture has been proven, it becomes known as a theorem, and it joins the realm of known mathematical facts. Until that point in time, mathematicians must be extremely careful about their use of a conjecture within logical structures. Conjecture - Famous conjectures. Until its proof in 1995, the most famous of all conjectures was the m ...

Including:

Read more here: » Conjecture: Encyclopedia - Conjecture

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Clare College Cambridge

Clare College is a college of the University of Cambridge, the second oldest surviving college after Peterhouse. Clare is famous for its chapel choir and also for its gardens, which form part of what is known as the Backs (essentially the rear part of colleges which are next to the River Cam). The current Master is Anthony (Tony) J Badger, Paul Mellon Professor of American History. Clare College Cambridge - History. The college was founded in 1326 by the university's Chancellor, Richard de Bad ...

Including:

Read more here: » Clare College Cambridge: Encyclopedia - Clare College Cambridge

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Unsolved problems in mathematics

This article describes some currently unsolved problems in mathematics. The seven Millennium Prize Problems set by the Clay Mathematics Institute are: P versus NP The Hodge Conjecture The Poincaré Conjecture The Riemann Hypothesis Yang-Mills Existence and Mass Gap Navier-Stokes Existence and Smoothness The Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture Other still-unsolved problems: Twin prime conjecture Number of Magic squares Including:

Read more here: » Unsolved problems in mathematics: Encyclopedia - Unsolved problems in mathematics

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Crank person

"Crank" (or kook, crackpot, or quack) is a pejorative term for a person who writes or speaks in an authoritative fashion about a particular subject, often of a scientific or pseudo-scientific nature, but is perceived as holding false or even ludicrous beliefs. Crank is also used as a noun to describe the opinions of such people (see American Heritage Dictionary 2000 - noun definition 3). Usage of the label is often subjective, with proponents of competing theories labeling each other cranks, but the term pr ...

Including:

Read more here: » Crank person: Encyclopedia - Crank person

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia - Mathematics

Mathematics is often defined as the study of topics such as quantity, structure, space, and change. Another view, held by many mathematicians, is that mathematics is the body of knowledge justified by deductive reasoning, starting from axioms and definitions. Practical mathematics, in nearly every society, is used for such purposes as accounting, measuring land, or predicting astronomical events. Mathematical discovery or research often involves discovering and cataloging patterns, without regard for application. Today, the natural sciences, engineering, economics, and medici ...

Including:

Read more here: » Mathematics: Encyclopedia - Mathematics

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - Other facts

In heraldry, the Pythagorean theorem appears as a charge in the arms of Seissenegger. The theorem is referenced in an episode of The Simpsons. After finding a pair of glasses at the Nuclear Power Plant, Homer puts them on and in an attempt to sound smart, comments "the square roots of any two sides of an isosceles triangle is equal to the square root of the remaining side." A man in a nearby toilet stall then yells out "That's a right triangle, you idiot!" (This was a homage to The Wizard of Oz. When the Scarecrow receives his diploma from the Wizar ...

See also:

Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean theorem - History, Pythagorean theorem - Proofs, Pythagorean theorem - Geometrical proof, Pythagorean theorem - A visual proof, Pythagorean theorem - Converse of the theorem, Pythagorean theorem - Algebraic Proof, Pythagorean theorem - Pythagorean triples, Pythagorean theorem - Generalizations, Pythagorean theorem - The Pythagorean theorem in non-Euclidean geometry, Pythagorean theorem - Other facts, Pythagorean theorem - Notes

Read more here: » Pythagorean theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - Other facts

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Hardy-Littlewood conjecture

There is also a generalization of the twin prime conjecture, known as the Hardy-Littlewood conjecture (after G. H. Hardy and John Littlewood), which is concerned with the distribution of twin primes, in analogy to the prime number theorem. Let π2(x) denote the number of primes p ≤ x such that p + 2 is also prime. Define the twin prime constant C2 as (here the product extends over all prime numbers p ≥ 3). Then the conjecture is that in the sense that the quotie ...

See also:

Twin prime conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Partial results, Twin prime conjecture - Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, Twin prime conjecture - Serious problem found in potential proof

Read more here: » Twin prime conjecture: Encyclopedia II - Twin prime conjecture - Hardy-Littlewood conjecture

Fermat's last theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - Pythagorean triples

A Pythagorean triple consists of three positive integers a, b, and c, such that a2 + b2 = c2. In other words, a Pythagorean triple represents the lengths of the sides of a right triangle where all three sides have integer lengths. Evidence from megalithic monuments on the British Isles shows that such triples were known before the discovery of writing. Such a triple is commonly written (a, b,  ...

See also:

Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean theorem - History, Pythagorean theorem - Proofs, Pythagorean theorem - Geometrical proof, Pythagorean theorem - A visual proof, Pythagorean theorem - Converse of the theorem, Pythagorean theorem - Algebraic Proof, Pythagorean theorem - Pythagorean triples, Pythagorean theorem - Generalizations, Pythagorean theorem - The Pythagorean theorem in non-Euclidean geometry, Pythagorean theorem - Other facts, Pythagorean theorem - Notes

Read more here: » Pythagorean theorem: Encyclopedia II - Pythagorean theorem - Pythagorean triples

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