Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. They are the outstanding characteristic that distinguishes the Class Aves from all other living groups. Other Theropoda also had feathers (see Feathered dinosaurs). Feather - Characteristics. Feathers are among the most complex structural organs found in vertebrates: integumentary appendages, formed by controlled proliferation of cells in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins ...

Including:

Feather - Characteristics Feather - Origins Feather - Feathered dinosaurs Feather - Human uses

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Feather, Feather - Characteristics, Feather - Origins, Feather - Feathered dinosaurs, Feather - Human uses

Read more here: » Feather: Encyclopedia II - Feather - Characteristics

Main article: Feathered dinosaurs Although birds use feathers primarily for flight, several dinosaurs have been discovered with feathers on their limbs that would not have functioned for flight. One theory is that feathers originally developed on dinosaurs as a means of insulation; those small dinosaurs that then grew longer feathers may have found them helpful in gliding, which would have begun the evolutionary process that resulted in some proto-birds like Archaeopteryx and Microraptor zhaoianus. Other dinosaurs ...

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Feather, Feather - Characteristics, Feather - Origins, Feather - Feathered dinosaurs, Feather - Human uses

Read more here: » Feather: Encyclopedia II - Feather - Feathered dinosaurs

Velociraptor had strong jaws with rows of bladed teeth. These, in combination with large claws on their forelimbs and sickle-shaped talons on the second toe gave these animals some impressive weaponry. In 2005, a BBC documentary, The Truth About Killer Dinosaurs, created an artificial Velociraptor leg and sickle claw to demonstrate the claw's power - when tested on a pork belly, the claw failed to fully penetrate it, lending discredit to the popular notion of Velociraptor using the claw to disembowel its pr ...

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Velociraptor, Velociraptor - Claws and teeth, Velociraptor - Feathers, Velociraptor - Other characteristics, Velociraptor - In Popular Culture

Read more here: » Velociraptor: Encyclopedia II - Velociraptor - Claws and teeth

Velociraptor had a stiffened tail, which was always held straight behind the body. This granted it superior balance and turning ability. Like its larger American relative Deinonychus, Velociraptor may have hunted in packs to make up for its prey's size advantage, though there is no evidence for this. Velociraptor was probably warm-blooded to some degree, as it would need great quantities of energy to hunt, and animals that possess feathery or furry coats, like Velociraptor, tend to be warm ...

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Velociraptor, Velociraptor - Claws and teeth, Velociraptor - Feathers, Velociraptor - Other characteristics, Velociraptor - In Popular Culture

Read more here: » Velociraptor: Encyclopedia II - Velociraptor - Other characteristics

As with all dinosaurs, much of Tyrannosaurus' biology, its lifespan, breeding strategy, coloration, ecology and physiology, remain unknown. A site in Alberta has at least nine individuals of Albertosaurus sarcophagus (a closely related animal) of different ages preserved together, but whether these animals lived together or simply died together is unclear. Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers. It has been proposed that T. rex and other theropod dinosaurs may have had feathers. Small coelurosau ...

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Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology

The locations of all of the discoveries are restricted to North America. The first specimen (a partial vertebra) was found by Edward Cope in 1892 and was described as Manospondylus gigas. It was assigned to Tyrannosaurus rex in 1912 by Henry Osborn. Barnum Brown, assistant curator of the American Museum of Natural History, found the second T. rex skeleton in Wyoming in 1900. This specimen was originally named Dynamosaurus imperiosus in the same paper in which Tyrannosaurus rex was described. Were it not for ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification

Coelurosauria is a group of theropod dinosaurs that includes the subgroups Tyrannosauridae, Ornithomimidae, and Maniraptora. Coelurosaur characteristics include an extended sacrum, a distally stiffened tail and a bowed ulna. The tibia is also characteristically longer than the femur in coelurosaurs. Recent fossil evidence shows that some coelurosaurs were feathered, and it is conceivable (and indeed the most parsimonious hypothesis) that feathers may have been a feature of the entire group. Most coelurosaurs are bipedal ...

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Vultures are scavenging birds, feeding mostly from carcasses of dead animals. Vultures are found in every continent but Antarctica and Oceania. A particular characteristic of many vultures is a bald head, devoid of feathers. This is likely because a feathered head would become spattered with blood and other fluids, and thus be difficult to keep clean. Vultures fall into two groups. The Old World vultures belong to the family Accipitridae, which also includes eagles, Kites, buzzards and hawks. These are found in Africa, Asia and Eur ...

Including:

Vulture - Cadavers Vulture - Vultures in culture
Vulture - Ancient Egypt Vulture - Western culture

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Tyrannosaurus rex (ty-RAN-o-sawr-us) meaning "tyrant reptile" because of its size and large teeth and claws (Greek tyrannos = tyrant + sauros = reptile), also known colloquially as T. rex and The King of the Dinosaurs, was a giant carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Upper Maastrichtian, the last stage of the Cretaceous period, 65–66 million years ago. Its fossil remains are relatively rare; as of 2005 only 30 specimens had been found^Including:

Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology
Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications
Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids
Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies
Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

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The Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) is the largest North American wren, and is 18-23 cm (7-9 inches) long. Unlike the smaller wrens, the Cactus Wren is easily seen. It has the loud voice characteristic of wrens, but its song is harsh and unmusical, and it is much less shy than most of the family. Its marked white eyestripe, brown head, barred wings and tail, and spotted tail feathers make it easy to identify. Like most birds in its genus, it has slight ...

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The Carrion Crow, Corvus corone, can be distinguished from the Raven by its size (48–52 cm in length) and from the Hooded Crow by its black plumage, but there is frequent confusion between it and the Rook. The beak of the Crow is stouter and in consequence looks shorter, and whereas in the adult Rook the nostrils are bare, those of the Crow are covered at all ages with bristle-like feathers. This species breeds in western and central Europe, with an allied form or race C. c. orientalis (50-56 cm in length) occur ...

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Carrion Crow - Characteristics Carrion Crow - Sound link Carrion Crow - Video Links Carrion Crow - Photo image links

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The Akbash Dog is native to western Turkey in the region known as the Akbash, and it is primarily used as a Livestock guardian dog. The name comes from the Turkish word meaning white head. Akbash Dog - Appearance. It is a large dog, weighing between 90 to 130 pounds (41 to 59 kg), averaging 90 pounds for the female and 120 (54 kg) for the male, but it is leaner than other Turkish guard dog breeds, and has a distinct white coat, long legs, and feathered curved tail. It possesses characteristics ...

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Akbash Dog - Appearance Akbash Dog - Temperament Akbash Dog - Health Akbash Dog - History

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Over ( 42 feet / 13 meters) in length, ( 16 feet / 5 meters) tall and 6 tons in weight, T. rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time. Compared to other carnivorous dinosaurs, the skull of Tyrannosaurus is heavily modified. Many of the bones are fused together, preventing movement between them. The bones themselves are much more massive than is typical of a theropod, and the serrated teeth, far from being bladelike, are massive and oval in cross-section. Heavy wear and the bite marks found on bones of other dinosaur ...

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Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics

In total Barnum Brown found five T. rex partial skeletons. Brown collected his second T. rex in 1902 and 1905 in Hell Creek, Montana. This is the holotype used to describe Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, 1905. In 1941 it was sold to the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Brown's fourth and largest find, also from Hell Creek, is on display in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. Susan Hendrickson, amateur paleontologist, discovered the most complete (more than 90%) and largest ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens

Tyrannosaurus rex was not the only member of the Tyrannosauridae. The following species have been identified: (measurements given are based on found fossils and estimates) The classification of these varies a little. For instance, T. bataar is mostly placed in the genus Tarbosaurus, and T. torosus is nearly always classified as a distinct genus Daspletosaurus. Nonetheless, Daspletosaurus, Tarbosaurus and Tyrannosaurus are ver ...

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Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and Classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for Walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The World of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids

About 12-13m in length, 5m tall and estimated to be from 4 tons [5] to 6 tons in weight, T. rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time. Compared to other carnivorous dinosaurs, the skull of Tyrannosaurus is heavily modified. Many of the bones are fused together, preventing movement between them. The bones themselves are much more massive than is typical of a theropod, and the serrated teeth, far from being bla ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The world of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics

The locations of all of the discoveries are restricted to North America. The first fossil specimen (a partial vertebra) was found by Edward Cope in 1892 and was described as Manospondylus gigas. It was assigned to Tyrannosaurus rex in 1912 by Henry Osborn. Barnum Brown, assistant curator of the American Museum of Natural History, found the second T. rex skeleton in Wyoming in 1900. This specimen was originally named Dynamosaurus imperiosus in the same paper in which Tyrannosaurus rex was described. Were it ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The world of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification

About 12-13 m in length, 5 m tall and estimated to be from 4 tonnes [5] to 6 tonnes in weight, T. rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time. Compared to other carnivorous dinosaurs, the skull of Tyrannosaurus is heavily modified. Many of the bones are fused together, preventing movement between them. The bones themselves are much more massive than is typical of a theropod, and the serrated teeth, far from bei ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The world of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics

In total Barnum Brown found five T. rex partial skeletons. Brown collected his second T. rex in 1902 and 1905 in Hell Creek, Montana. This is the holotype used to describe Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, 1905. In 1941 it was sold to the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Brown's fourth and largest find, also from Hell Creek, is on display in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. Susan Hendrickson, amateur paleontologist, discovered the most complete (more than 90%) and largest ...

See also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The world of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens