extraterritorial

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures is the English name of the Bureau international des poids et mesures (BIPM, often written in English Bureau International des Poids et Mesures), a standards organization, one of the three organizations established to maintain the International System of Units (SI) under the terms of the Convention du Mètre (Metre Convention). Note that the abbreviation IBWM does not exist. It is based at th ...

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For historical reasons, the government of Vatican City has a unique structure. As noted, the principal figures are the Secretary of State, the President of the Pontifical Commission for the Vatican City State, and the Governor of Vatican City. These, like all other officials, are appointed by the Pope and can be dismissed by him at any time. During a sede vacante (papal vacancy), the Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church, former Secretary of State, and former President of the Pontifical Commission form a commission that performs ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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While the United States military has the largest foreign presence and therefore accounts for most SOFAs, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Russia and South Korea and many other nations also station troops abroad and negotiate SOFAs with their host countries. Status of Forces Agreement - Terms of operation. The SOFA is intended to clarify the terms under which the foreign military is allowed to operate. Typically, purely military issues such as the locations of bases and access to facilities are cover ...

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Status of Forces Agreement, Status of Forces Agreement - Agreements, Status of Forces Agreement - Terms of operation, Status of Forces Agreement - Host nation concerns, Status of Forces Agreement - Political issues, Status of Forces Agreement - External articles

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The VIC, designed by Austrian architect Johann Staber, was built between 1973 and 1979 just north of the river Danube. Six Y-shaped office towers surround a cylindrical conference building for a total floor area of 230,000 square metres. The highest tower stands 120 metres tall, enclosing 28 floors. About 5,000 people work at the VIC, which also offers catering, banking, postal and shopping facilities. Larger conferences can be accommodated in the neighbouring Austria Center Vienna, a conference and exhibition centre with a capac ...

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Vienna International Centre, Vienna International Centre - Overview, Vienna International Centre - Organizations

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As to government officials, the structures into which these are organized do not parallel at all points other states because of material, juridical and historical factors. As we have noted the two principal figures are the Secretary of State and the President of the Pontifical Commission for the Vatican City State, sometimes popularly called the Governor or the President of Vatican City. These, like all other officials, are appointed by the Po ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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Almost all of Vatican City's 921 citizens live inside the Vatican's walls. The Vatican citizenry consists mainly of clergy, including high dignitaries, priests, nuns, as well as the famous Swiss Guard, a volunteer military force. There are also about 3,000 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican work force, but who reside outside the Vatican. The official language is Latin, the lingua franca of the Roman Empire, which has remained in use in the Roman Catholic Church. Italian and, to a lesser extent, other languages are g ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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Budget: Revenues (2003) $252 million; expenditures (2003) $264 million. Industries: printing and production of few mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities. This unique, non-commercial economy is also supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards o ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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The Vatican City, one of the European microstates, is situated on the Vatican Hill in the north-western part of Rome, several hundred metres west of the Tiber river, on the latter's right bank. Its borders (3.2km in total, all with Italy) closely follow the city wall constructed to protect the Pope from outside attack. The situation is more complex at the famous St. Peter's Square in front of the St. Peter's Basilica, where the correct border is just outside the e ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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Providing a territorial identity for the Holy See, the State of the Vatican City is a recognized national territory under international law. However, it is the Holy See that is the legal body that conducts diplomatic relations for the Vatican City, entering into international agreements and both receives and sends diplomatic representatives. Due to the very limited territory of the Vatican state, foreign embassies to the Holy See are located in the Italian part of Rome; Italy actually hosts its own Embassy of Italy. The Holy See is a ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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The Vatican City is itself of great cultural significance. Buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are home to some of the most beautiful art in the world, which includes works by artists such as Botticelli, Bernini and Michelangelo. The Vatican Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of the highest historical, scientific and cultural importance. The permanent population of the Vatican City is predominately male, although two orders of nuns live in the Vatican. A minority are senior Catholic clergy ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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Almost all of Vatican City's 921 citizens live inside the Vatican's walls. The Vatican citizenry consists mainly of clergy, including high dignitaries, priests, nuns, as well as the famous Swiss Guard, a volunteer military force. There are also about 3,000 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican work force, but who reside outside the Vatican. The official language is Latin, the lingua franca of the Roman Empire, which has remained in use in the Roman Catholic Church. Italian and, to a lesser extent, other languages ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Vatican City: Encyclopedia II - Vatican City - Demographics

Budget: Revenues (2003) $252 million; expenditures (2003) $264 million. Industries: printing and production of few mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities. This unique, non-commercial economy is also supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or somewhat better than, those of coun ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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The Vatican City, one of the European microstates, is situated on the Vatican Hill in the north-western part of Rome, several hundred metres west of the Tiber river, on the latter's right bank. Its borders (3.2km in total, all with Italy) closely follow the city wall constructed to protect the Pope from outside attack. The situation is more complex at the famous St. Peter's Square in front of the St. Peter's Basilica, where the correct border is just outside the ellipse formed by Bernini's colonnade. It is the smallest sovereign state in the ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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The Vatican City has no airports. There is one heliport and a 852 m (932 yd) standard gauge (1435 mm) railway that connects to Italy's network at Rome's Saint Peter's station. The railway is used only to transport freight. A newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano, publishes daily in Italian, weekly in English, Spanish, French, German, and Portuguese, and monthly in Polish. The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system and post office. A bit of conventional wisdom in Rome is that international mail dropped in a m ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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St. Peter's Basilica at night St. Peter's Square The Egyptian obelisk in St. Peter's Square ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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It is supposed that this originally uninhabited part of Rome (the ager vaticanus) had always been considered sacred, or at least not available for habitation, even before the arrival of Christianity. In 326 the first church, Constantine's basilica, was built over the site of the tomb of Saint Peter, who was buried in a common cemetery on the spot, and from then on the area started to become more populated, but mostly only by dwelling houses connected with the activity of St Peter's. Popes in their secular role gradually came to ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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The Holy See is the legal body that conducts diplomatic relations for the Vatican City. It maintains formal diplomatic relations with 174 sovereign states, the European Union, and the Order of Malta; 69 of these maintain permanent resident diplomatic missions accredited to the Holy See in Rome. The rest have missions with dual accreditation outside Italy, as the Holy See does not accept dual accreditation with an embassy located in Italy. It also has relations of a special nature with Russia (Mission with an Ambassador) and the Palest ...

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Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

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Almost all of Vatican City's 921 citizens live inside the Vatican's walls. The Vatican citizenry consists mainly of clergy, including high dignitaries, priests, nuns, as well as the famous Swiss Guard, a volunteer military force. There are also about 3,000 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican work force, but who reside outside the Vatican. The official language is Latin, the lingua franca of the Roman Empire, which has remained in use in the Roman Catholic Church. Italian and, to a lesser extent, other languages are generally used for most conversations, publications, and broadcasts. German ...

See also:

Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Vatican City: Encyclopedia II - Vatican City - Demographics

Budget: Revenues (2003) $252 million; expenditures (2003) $264 million. Industries: printing and production of few mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities. This unique, non-commercial economy is also supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or somewhat better than, those of co ...

See also:

Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Vatican City: Encyclopedia II - Vatican City - Economy

The Vatican City, one of the European microstates, is situated on the Vatican Hill in the north-western part of Rome, several hundred metres west of the Tiber river, on the latter's right bank. Its borders (3.2km in total, all with Italy) closely follow the city wall constructed to protect the Pope from outside attack. The situation is more complex at the famous St. Peter's Square in front of the St. Peter's Basilica, where the correct border is just outside the ellipse formed by Bernini's colonnade. It is the smallest sovereign state in the ...

See also:

Vatican City, Vatican City - The Territory, Vatican City - The Head of State, Vatican City - History, Vatican City - Government, Vatican City - Administration of the Vatican City, Vatican City - Administration of the Holy See, Vatican City - Photos of St. Peter's Basilica and Square, Vatican City - Geography, Vatican City - Economy, Vatican City - Demographics, Vatican City - Foreign relations, Vatican City - Culture, Vatican City - Crime, Vatican City - Transport and communications, Vatican City - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Vatican City: Encyclopedia II - Vatican City - Geography