This can be explained by the fact that if the first digits have a particular distribution, it must be independent of the measuring system used. Specifically, this means that if one converts from e.g. feet to meters (multiplication by a constant), the distribution is unchanged — it is scale invariant, and thus logarithmic. For example the first (non-zero) digit of the lengths or distances of objects should have the same distribution whether the unit of measurement is planck lengths, inches, feet, yards, metres, miles, light ye ...

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Benford's law, Benford's law - Mathematical statement, Benford's law - Explanation, Benford's law - Applications and limitations, Benford's law - Limitations, Benford's law - History

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While realists agree the world known to them is the only one they possibly know 'as a static concept,' they continue to regard something real about the concept having nothing to do with their thinking. Actual Idealists disregard the static concept as totally false in regard to the world for them where the only real is in 'the act of thinking' within being. The stance of Realism claims that repeatability of experience gives proof of a basis which transcends and outruns our percepts, refuting Idealism. Yet it does not consider that the ...

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Actual Idealism, Actual Idealism - Acceptance, Actual Idealism - Tenets, Actual Idealism - Explanation, Actual Idealism - Further reading in English on Actual Idealism, Actual Idealism - Further reading in German

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One lumen is the luminous flux emitted by a light source that puts out one candela of luminous intensity over a solid angle of one steradian. Alternatively, an isotropic one-candela light source will put out a total luminous flux of exactly 4π lumens. A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb puts out around 1500 lumens. See the article on incandescent light bulbs for the specific efficiency o ...

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Lumen unit, Lumen unit - Definition, Lumen unit - SI multiples, Lumen unit - Explanation, Lumen unit - Links, Lumen unit - SI photometry units

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Transformation may take place in several stages and at several substations in sequence, starting at the generating plant substation where the voltage is increased for transmission purposes and is then progressively reduced to the voltage required for household use. The range of voltages in a power system varies from 110 V up to 765 kV depending on the country. A substation that has a step-up transformer increases the voltage whilst decreasing the current, while a step-down transformer decreases the voltage while increasing the current ...

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Electrical substation, Electrical substation - Explanation, Electrical substation - Substation design, Electrical substation - Earth fault location, Electrical substation - References and further reading

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Potential difference is the difference in some quantity between two points in a conservative vector field of that quantity. Some examples are listed below. In mechanics, the gravitational potential difference between two points on Earth is related to the energy that would be required to move a unit mass from one point to the other against the Earth's gravitational field. Unit: joules per kilogram. In electrical engineering, the electrical potential difference ('voltage') between two points is the en ...

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Potential difference, Potential difference - Explanation

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The displacement current density is mathematically defined by the rate of change of the electric displacement field, D: (since D = εE) where the permittivity ε = ε0 εr, εr is the relative permittivity of the dielectric and ε0 is the permittivity of free space ( 8.854 E-12 Fm-1) It should be noted that the polarisation of the dielectric due to the electric field is accounted for in this equ ...

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Displacement current, Displacement current - Explanation, Displacement current - Mathematical Necessity, Displacement current - Interpretation, Displacement current - More recent developments

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Languages are not static. They evolve to meet new situations and, when one group devises a new word, others may borrow it. Hence, English has acquired agent provocateur from the French language, Kindergarten from the German, etc. Within a group of native language speakers, different social groups use language differently. For example, the word bling was coined in the American hip hop music community and is characteristic of the way in which people who are members of that culture speak and write but, as a word, it ...

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Americanism general, Americanism general - Explanation

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Consider a spacecraft on a trajectory that will take it close to a planet, say Jupiter. As the spacecraft approaches the planet, Jupiter's gravity will pull on the spacecraft, speeding it up. After passing the planet, the gravity will continue pulling on the spacecraft, slowing it down. The net effect on the speed is zero, although the direction may have changed in the process. So where is the slingshot? The key is to remember that the planets are not standing still, they are moving in their orbits around the Sun. Thus while the speed ...

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Gravitational slingshot, Gravitational slingshot - Explanation, Gravitational slingshot - Background, Gravitational slingshot - Powered slingshots, Gravitational slingshot - Limits to slingshot use

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Several explanations have been proposed for the appearance of shadow people. Shadow people - Paranormal explanations. Some explanations for shadow people come from the fields of parapsychology, metaphysics, cryptozoology, and demonology, and are considered by many to be pseudoscience. Other explanations make no scientific pretense whatever, and lie more within the realm of religion and the occult. One of the more creative theories is that shadow beings are manifest thought formsSee also:

Shadow people, Shadow people - Shadow people versus ghosts, Shadow people - Eyewitness accounts, Shadow people - Explanations, Shadow people - Paranormal explanations, Shadow people - Non-paranormal explanations, Shadow people - Related phenomena

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William A. Dembski "The Design Revolution" (2004) InterVarsity Press, ISBN 0830823751. Michael Denton "Evolution: A Theory in Chaos" (1997) Adler & Adler, ISBN 091756152X. ...

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List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - A, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - B, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - C, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - D, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - E, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - F, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - G, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - H, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - I, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - J, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - K, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - L, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - M, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - N, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - O, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - P, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - Q, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - R, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - S, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - T, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - U, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - V, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - W, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - X, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - Y, List of books on non-evolutionary explanations for the diversity of life - Z

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One explanation attempt is that the universe is not transparent, and the light from distant stars is blocked by intermediate dark stars or absorbed by dust or gas, so that there is a bound on the distance from which light can reach the observer. However, this reasoning does not resolve the paradox. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy must be conserved, so the intermediate matter would heat up and soon reradiate the energy (possibly at different wavelengths). This would again result in uniform radia ...

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Olbers' paradox, Olbers' paradox - Assumptions, Olbers' paradox - Explanations, Olbers' paradox - Resolutions

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The accepted explanation amongst scientists is that the images produced are those typically caused by a high voltage corona effect, similar to those seen from other high voltage sources such as the Van de Graaff generator or Tesla coil. In a darkened room, this is visible as a faint glow; but because of the high voltages, the film is affected in a slightly different way than usual. Color photographic film is calibrated to faithfully produce colors when exposed to normal light. The corona discharge has a somewhat different effect on the different layers of dye used to accomplish this result, resulting in various color ...

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Kirlian photography, Kirlian photography - Explanations, Kirlian photography - Notables

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Here we started with an empty file, and used a to append text (all ed commands are single letters). That put us into insert mode, which is terminated by a singular dot on a line. The two lines that we entered before the dot end up in the file buffer. 2i goes into insert mode, and will insert the entered text (a single empty line in our case) before line two. All commands may be prefixe ...

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Ed, Ed - Example session, Ed - Explanation of the example, Ed - Bill Joy vi and ed

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The rise of the cell phone is often blamed for the explosion of helicopter parenting — it has been called "the world's longest umbilical cord." Parents, for their part, point to rising college tuitions, saying they are just protecting their investment or acting like any other consumer. Newer federal laws, such as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), have also recognized the importance of family in the educational process. Changing perceptions of college may also play a role as well. Higher education is no longer th ...

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Helicopter parent, Helicopter parent - Origins, Helicopter parent - Explanations, Helicopter parent - History

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The first rational explanation that jumps to mind after reading the descripition of the emela-ntouka is a Rhinoceros. Many zoologists, however, strongly disagree with this theory [citation needed]. Critics of this theory say that the idea of an amphibious rhino is suspect, and that the cryptid in question doesn't really resemble a rhinoceros. The emela-ntouka is supposedly has a horn composed not of hair, like the rhino, but of ivory. Also of note is the large reptilian tale, which seems to suggest th ...

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Emela-ntouka, Emela-ntouka - Physical Descripition, Emela-ntouka - Home, Emela-ntouka - Explanation?

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Every host on the Internet has a so-called IP Address which consists of four numbers, each between 0 and 255, which are separated by . (dots), for example "192.0.2.213". These IP Addresses are comparable to the telephone numbers on a telephone system. As it would be very difficult to remember these numbers, websites usually also have a domain name, for example "wikipedia.org". The domain name server acts as a "phone book" to associate the domain name of a websit ...

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Pharming, Pharming - Explanation of pharming, Pharming - Controversy over the use of the term

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Claude E. Shannon first used the word bit in a 1948 paper. Shannon's bit is a portmanteau word for binary digit (or possibly binary unit). He attributed its origin to John W. Tukey. A bit is like a light switch; it can be either on or off. A single bit is a one or a zero, a true or a false, a "flag" which is "on" or "off", or in general, the quantity of information required to distinguish two mutually exclusive states from each other. The bit is the smallest unit of storage currently used in computing, although much resear ...

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Bit, Bit - History and explanation, Bit - More than one bit

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It can readily be seen that when one pours liquid from an open vessel such as a glass or mug it emerges in a steady stream, whereas when one pours a liquid from can or bottle it 'chugs' from the container somewhat more slowly. The reason for this is that as a liquid leaves a container the space it once occupied must immediately be filled by the surrounding air. This is because otherwise a vacuum would result. Because "nature abhors a vacuum", as a liquid leaves a container atmospheric pressure forces air into the vessel to take its pl ...

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Shotgunning, Shotgunning - Procedure, Shotgunning - Scientific explanation, Shotgunning - Strawpedo/shnorkelling, Shotgunning - External link

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Skeptics of dowsing and many supporters of it believe dowsing apparatus has no special powers but simply amplifies small but otherwise imperceptible movements of the hands, which has long been established to be the ideomotor effect. Most investigators believe the small movements arise from the expectations of the dowser. Supporters say the dowser has a subliminal sensitivity to the environment, perhaps via elec ...

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Dowsing, Dowsing - Claims made, Dowsing - History of dowsing, Dowsing - Dowsing equipment, Dowsing - Proposed explanations, Dowsing - Scientific studies, Dowsing - Sydney, Dowsing - Munich, Dowsing - Kassel

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The feeling of making a connection where there is none has been described as apophenia. Aspects of the subjective experience of schizophrenia have much in common with the subjective experience of synchronicity, in the sense that ordinary events are seen as having a direct personal relevance to the schizophrenic, but are seen as 'normal' by non-schizophrenics. Many psychoses are similar to schizophrenia but can last for a very short time, such as in rare instances from nicotine withdrawal (as an examp ...

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Synchronicity, Synchronicity - Example, Synchronicity - Study, Synchronicity - Criticism, Synchronicity - Alternative explanations, Synchronicity - Notes, Synchronicity - Trivia

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The table given is based on the advice of Charles Bannatyne of Salsburgh, Holyhead. Some of the notes resemble each other very closely, but the changes used are indicated, and the pronunciations are given approximately in brackets. The key note “Low A” is always represented in this notation by “in”, probably a contraction of “An Dara Aon”, the second one, to distinguish the key note from the first note on the chanter—“low G”. “High A” is always “i", but in a canntaireachd, it is often denoted by a preceding “ ...

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Canntaireachd, Canntaireachd - Explanation of table, Canntaireachd - Grace notes, Canntaireachd - Rules for the Grace note scheme, Canntaireachd - Grace note forms defined

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Definition and meaning of explanate coral colony:

explanate coral colony - a colony that spreads horizontally as the branches fuse into a solid or near solid plate

(Source: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) )

Also see these pages: Oceanography, Oceanography Sitemap, Coral Reef, Environment, Sustainability, Climate Change,

For more dictionary entries, see » Explanation Dictionary