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ARTICLES RELATED TO Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Pascal - Explanation

1 megapascal (MPa) = 1 000 000 Pa = 1 N/mm2. Standard atmospheric pressure is 101 325 Pa = 101.325 kPa = 1013.25 hPa = 1013.25 mbar = 760 Torr (ISO 2533). Meteorologists worldwide have for a long time measured atmospheric pressure in millibars. After the introduction of SI units, many preferred to preserve the customary pressure figures. Therefore, meteorologists use hectopascals today for air pressure, which are equivalent to millibars, while similar pressures are given in kilopascals in practically all other fields ...

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Pascal, Pascal - Definition, Pascal - SI multiples, Pascal - Origin, Pascal - Explanation, Pascal - Comparison to other units of pressure

Read more here: » Pascal: Encyclopedia II - Pascal - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Justifiable homicide - Explanation

The normal rule in the criminal law is that those accused of crime should be convicted of an offense only if they have committed the actus reus (the Latin for "guilty act") of an offense, accompanied by the necessary mens rea (the Latin for "guilty mind") element. This reflects the libertarian ideal that a person should only be held legally responsible when he or she has chosen to break the law. Thus, if one person has killed another, intending to do so, the normal consequence would be a conviction for murder. But, for a variet ...

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Justifiable homicide, Justifiable homicide - Explanation, Justifiable homicide - The potentially excusing conditions common to most jurisdictions, Justifiable homicide - United States

Read more here: » Justifiable homicide: Encyclopedia II - Justifiable homicide - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Hertz - Explanation

One hertz simply means "one per second" (1 / s); 100 Hz means "one hundred per second", and so on. The unit may be applied to any periodic event – for example, a clock might be said to tick at 1 Hz, or a human heart might be said to beat at 1.2 Hz. Frequency of random events, such as radioactive decays, is expressed in becquerels. Some measurements using hertz have an implied type of frequency (i.e. a pseudo-unit) such as angular velocity – for example, 1 rpm is equ ...

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Hertz, Hertz - Definition, Hertz - SI multiples, Hertz - Explanation

Read more here: » Hertz: Encyclopedia II - Hertz - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Lenz's law - Explanation

According to Lenz's law if the magnetic flux is increased then the induced emf is produced in such a way that it opposes the increase in flux i.e. the flux produced by the induced emf is generated in the direction opposite to the original flux which causes the induced emf. On the other hand if the magnetic flux is decreased then the induced emf is produced in such a way that it opposes the decrease in flux i.e. the induced magnetic flux is generated in such a way that it add to the original flux which is causing the induced emf. Lenz's law can be derived from Faraday's law of induction, simply by noting the min ...

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Lenz's law, Lenz's law - Definition, Lenz's law - Explanation, Lenz's law - Connection with law of conservation of energy

Read more here: » Lenz's law: Encyclopedia II - Lenz's law - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Mokele mbembe - Explanation

So far, all investigations have failed to find evidence of a creature corresponding to the native legend, although casts of inexplicable footprints have reportedly been taken, which some say were made by the mokèlé-mbèmbé, and a controversial videotape was recently presented. The Congo Basin has wide expanses of marshland and swamps, including several large lakes, that have not extensively been explored by scientists. A recent megatransect into the wilderness of the Congo basin by the biologist and Africa explorer Michael Fay did ...

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Mokele mbembe, Mokele mbembe - Explication, Mokele mbembe - Explanation, Mokele mbembe - Bibliography

Read more here: » Mokele mbembe: Encyclopedia II - Mokele mbembe - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Magnetic moment - Explanation

Magnetic moment can be explained by a bar magnet which has magnetic poles of equal magnitude but opposite polarity. Each pole is the source of magnetic force which weakens with distance. Since magnetic poles come in pairs, their forces interfere with each other because while one pole pulls, the other repels. This interference is greatest when the poles are close to each other i.e. when the bar magnet is short. The magnetic force produced by a bar magnet, at a given point in space, therefore depends on two factors: on both the strength p of i ...

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Magnetic moment, Magnetic moment - Explanation, Magnetic moment - Magnetic moment in a magnetic field, Magnetic moment - Magnetic moment of electrons

Read more here: » Magnetic moment: Encyclopedia II - Magnetic moment - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Hertz - Explanation

One hertz simply means "one per second" (1 / s); 100 Hz means "one hundred per second", and so on. The unit may be applied to any periodic event – for example, a clock might be said to tick at 1 Hz, or a human heart might be said to beat at 1.2 Hz. Frequency of random events, such as radioactive decays, is expressed in becquerels. To avoid confusion, periodically varying angles are typically not expressed in hertz, but rather in an appropriate angular unit such as radians per second. A disc rotating at 1 rotation pe ...

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Hertz, Hertz - Definition, Hertz - SI multiples, Hertz - Explanation

Read more here: » Hertz: Encyclopedia II - Hertz - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Right ascension - Explanation

RA is comparable to longitude, measured from a zero point known as the vernal equinox point. Also known as the First Point of Aries; more commonly the first day of Spring. This however changes as a result of the Earth's rotation axis precessing once every ~26,000 years. RA is measured in hours, minutes, and seconds. Being closely tied with sidereal time, it is both a unit of time and of angle. An hour of right ascension is equal to 15 degrees of arc, a minute of right ascension equal to 15 minutes of arc, and a second ...

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Right ascension, Right ascension - Explanation, Right ascension - Celestial longitude for other planets

Read more here: » Right ascension: Encyclopedia II - Right ascension - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Ohm unit - Explanation

By definition from Ohm's Law, a device has a resistance of one ohm if a voltage of one volt causes a current of one ampere to flow (R = V/I). Alternatively and equivalently, a device that dissipates one watt of power with one ampere of current flowing through it has a resistance of one ohm (R = P / I 2). Since 1990, the ohm has been maintained internationally using the quantum Hall effect, where a conventional value is used for the 'von-Klitzing constant', fixed by the 18th General Conference on Weights and Measures as < ...

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Ohm unit, Ohm unit - Definition, Ohm unit - Origin, Ohm unit - Explanation, Ohm unit - Conversions

Read more here: » Ohm unit: Encyclopedia II - Ohm unit - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Constellation - Explanation

In three-dimensional space, most of the stars we see have little relation to one another, but can appear to be grouped on the celestial sphere of the night sky. Humans excel at finding patterns and throughout history have grouped stars that appear close to one another into constellations. An "unofficial" constellation, that is, one that may be widely known but is not recognized by the International Astronomical Union, is called an asterism. An example is the grouping c ...

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Constellation, Constellation - Explanation, Constellation - History of the Constellations, Constellation - Constellations in variant cultures, Constellation - Star names

Read more here: » Constellation: Encyclopedia II - Constellation - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Pyroelectricity - Explanation

Pyroelectricity can be visualized as one side of a triangle, where each corner represents energy states in the crystal: kinetic, electrical and thermal energy. The side between electrical and thermal corners represents the pyroelectric effect and produces no kinetic energy. The side between kinetic and electrical corners represents the piezoelectric effect and produces no heat. Although artificial pyroelectric materials have been engineered, the effect was first discovered in minerals such as quartz and tourmaline and other ionic crystals. The pyroelectric effect is also present in both bone and tendon. The name is derived fr ...

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Pyroelectricity, Pyroelectricity - Explanation, Pyroelectricity - History, Pyroelectricity - The pyroelectric crystal classes, Pyroelectricity - Recent developments

Read more here: » Pyroelectricity: Encyclopedia II - Pyroelectricity - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Coulomb - Explanation

The coulomb is also the unit of electric flux. (See Gauss Law). The coulomb could in principle be defined in terms of the charge of an electron or elementary charge. Since the values of the Josephson (CIPM (1988) Recommendation 1, PV 56; 19) and von Klitzing (CIPM (1988), Recommendation 2, PV 56; 20) constants have been given conventional values (KJ ≡ 4.835 979×1014 Hz/V and RK ≡ 2.5812807×104 Ω), it is possible to combine these values to form an alternative (not yet official) definit ...

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Coulomb, Coulomb - Definition, Coulomb - Explanation, Coulomb - SI multiples, Coulomb - Conversions

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Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Angular resolution - Explanation

The resolving power of a lens is ultimately limited by diffraction effects. The lens' aperture is a "hole" that is analogous to a two-dimensional version of the single-slit experiment; light passing through it interferes with itself, creating a ring-shaped diffraction pattern, known as the Airy pattern, that blurs the image. An empirical diffraction limit is given by the Rayleigh criterion: where θ is the angular resolution, λ is the wavelength o ...

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Angular resolution, Angular resolution - Definition of terms, Angular resolution - Explanation, Angular resolution - Telescope case, Angular resolution - Microscope case

Read more here: » Angular resolution: Encyclopedia II - Angular resolution - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Linear amplifier - Explanation

An RF linear amplifier can be based on either solid state or vacuum valve technology. Most commercially manufactured 1 to 2 kilowatt linear amplifiers used in amateur radio still use vacuum tubes (valves) and can provide between 10 to 20 times RF power amplification. For example 100 watts input from a transmitter will be amplified to 2000 watts (2Kw) output to the antenna. Solid State linear amplifers are more commonly in the 500 watt range and can be driven by as little as 25 watts, although AM radio broadcast transmitters of up to 50Kw are ...

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Linear amplifier, Linear amplifier - Explanation, Linear amplifier - Classes of amplifer, Linear amplifier - Early large amplifiers, Linear amplifier - Reference

Read more here: » Linear amplifier: Encyclopedia II - Linear amplifier - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Tesla unit - Explanation

The tesla is the value of the total magnetic flux (a magnet's "power") divided by area. Hence, reducing the affected area will generally increase the magnetic flux density. This will continue to occur until the material becomes magnetically saturated and or the magnetic field "leakage" increases so fast that no additional tesla gains are possible. ...

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Tesla unit, Tesla unit - Definition, Tesla unit - SI multiples, Tesla unit - Origin, Tesla unit - Explanation, Tesla unit - Conversions, Tesla unit - Examples

Read more here: » Tesla unit: Encyclopedia II - Tesla unit - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Investment policy - Explanation

As globalization integrates the economies of neighboring and of trading states, they are typically forced to trade off such rules as part of a common tax, tariff and trade regime, e.g. as defined by a free trade pact. Investment policy favoring local investors over global ones is typically discouraged in such pacts, and the idea of a separate investment policy rapidly becomes a fiction or fantasy, as real decisions reflect the real need for nations to compete for ...

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Investment policy, Investment policy - Explanation, Investment policy - Policy drivers

Read more here: » Investment policy: Encyclopedia II - Investment policy - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Tonne - Explanation

The official symbol is t, but T and mT and mt (especially in the combination mmt for "million metric tons") are also used. In France and the English-speaking countries that are predominately metric, the spelling tonne is widespread. However, in Britain, the common people consider that its measure is very close to that of the long ton and often don't bother with the distinctive spelling; for example, even the Guinness Book of World Records accepts metrification without marking this by changing ...

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Tonne, Tonne - Definition, Tonne - Multiples, Tonne - Origin, Tonne - Conversions, Tonne - Explanation

Read more here: » Tonne: Encyclopedia II - Tonne - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Lex causae - Explanation

When a case comes before a court and all the main features of the case are local, the court will apply the lex fori, the prevailing municipal law, to decide the case. But if there are "foreign" elements to the case, the forum court may be obliged under the Conflict of Laws system to consider whether it should apply one or more foreign laws to decide the case. This is a two stage process: it must first characterise the issues, i.e. allocate the factual basis of the case to its relevant legal classes; and then apply the choice of law rules to decide which ...

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Lex causae, Lex causae - Explanation

Read more here: » Lex causae: Encyclopedia II - Lex causae - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Tonne - Explanation

The official symbol is t, but T and mT and mt (especially in the combination mmt for "million metric tons") are also used. In France and the English-speaking countries that are predominantly metric, the spelling tonne is widespread. However, in Britain, the common people consider that its measure is very close to that of the long ton and often don't bother with the distinctive spelling; for example, even the Guinness Book of World Records accepts metrification without marking this by changing ...

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Tonne, Tonne - Definition, Tonne - Multiples, Tonne - Origin, Tonne - Conversions, Tonne - Explanation

Read more here: » Tonne: Encyclopedia II - Tonne - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Total harmonic distortion - Explanation

In most cases, the ideal transfer function is linear and time-invariant. When a signal passes through a non-linear device, additional content is added at the harmonics of the original frequencies. THD is a measurement of the extent of that distortion. The measurement is most commonly the ratio of the sum of the powers of all harmonic frequencies above the fundamental frequency to the power of the fundamental: Other calculations for amplitudes, voltages, currents, and so on are equivalent. For a voltage signal, for instance, the ratio of RMS voltag ...

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Total harmonic distortion, Total harmonic distortion - Explanation

Read more here: » Total harmonic distortion: Encyclopedia II - Total harmonic distortion - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Sievert - Explanation

Various terms are used with this unit: Dose equivalent Ambient dose equivalent Directional dose equivalent Personal dose equivalent Organ equivalent dose The millisievert (mSv) is commonly used to measure the effective dose in diagnostic medical procedures (e.g. X-rays, nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography and computed tomography). The natural background effective dose rate varies considerably from place to place ...

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Sievert, Sievert - Definition, Sievert - SI multiples and conversions, Sievert - Explanation, Sievert - Q values, Sievert - N values, Sievert - Sources

Read more here: » Sievert: Encyclopedia II - Sievert - Explanation

Explanation: Encyclopedia II - Nuclear isomer - Explanation

An isotope, is an element in which the difference is the number of neutrons in the nucleus. Metastable isomers of a particular atom are usually designated with an "m" (or, in the case of atoms with more than one isomer, 2m, 3m, and so on). This designation is usually placed after the atomic symbol and number of the atom (e.g., Co-58m), but is sometimes placed as a superscript before ...

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Nuclear isomer, Nuclear isomer - Explanation, Nuclear isomer - Stable isomers, Nuclear isomer - Applications, Nuclear isomer - Decay processes

Read more here: » Nuclear isomer: Encyclopedia II - Nuclear isomer - Explanation

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