EPIGN

After the tragic events of the Munich massacre during the Olympic Games in 1972, and a mutiny in Clairvaux the next year, France started to study the possible solutions to extremely violent attacks, under the assumptions that these would be extremely difficult to predict and deflect. In 1973, the GIGN was created as a permanent force of men trained and equipped to respond to these kind of threats while minimising risks for the public and hostages, for the members of the unit, and for the attackers themselves. The GIGN became operational ...

See also:

Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - History, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - Former leaders, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - Structure

Read more here: » Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale: Encyclopedia II - Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - History

In 1995, the GIA Islamist militant group staged a series of attacks against the French public, targeting public transportation. These attacks killed 8 and injured more than 100. Apparently, the attacks were designed to be a broadening of the civil war in Algeria, a former French colony. On July 25, 1995, a gas bottle exploded in station Saint Michel of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). 8 were killed and 80 wounded. On August 17, a bomb at the Arc de Triomphe wounded 17 people. On August 26, a huge bomb wa ...

Read more here: » 1995 bombings in France: Encyclopedia - 1995 bombings in France

The GIGN is divided into four groups: negotiation, special equipment section (mechanics, video, weaponry), a language group (individuals specialized in teaching foreign units), and a technical group which provides the unit with modified and high-tech equipment, by either selecting or designing it. Training includes shooting, marksmanship and hand-to-hand combat techniques (Krav-Maga). Members of the GIGN are widely regarded as having some of the best firearms training in the world. It is for this reason that many of the world's special ...

See also:

Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - History, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - Former leaders, Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - Structure

Read more here: » Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale: Encyclopedia II - Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale - Structure

List of law enforcement agencies - France. See also: Police in France Gendarmerie Nationale Groupement de sécurité et d'intervention de la gendarmerie nationale (GSIGN, military SWAT units and presidential protective detail) EPIGN (airborne unit) GIGN (Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale) Police Nationale Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité Customs (Douane)< ...

See also:

List of law enforcement agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - International, List of law enforcement agencies - Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Morocco, List of law enforcement agencies - South Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Zimbabwe, List of law enforcement agencies - Asia, List of law enforcement agencies - China People's Republic of, List of law enforcement agencies - China Republic of Taiwan, List of law enforcement agencies - India, List of law enforcement agencies - Iraq, List of law enforcement agencies - Israel, List of law enforcement agencies - Japan, List of law enforcement agencies - Korea South, List of law enforcement agencies - Malaysia, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Singapore, List of law enforcement agencies - Europe, List of law enforcement agencies - France, List of law enforcement agencies - Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Ireland, List of law enforcement agencies - Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Netherlands The, List of law enforcement agencies - Norway, List of law enforcement agencies - Poland, List of law enforcement agencies - Russia, List of law enforcement agencies - Spain, List of law enforcement agencies - Sweden, List of law enforcement agencies - Ukraine, List of law enforcement agencies - United Kingdom, List of law enforcement agencies - North America, List of law enforcement agencies - Canada, List of law enforcement agencies - Mexico, List of law enforcement agencies - United States, List of law enforcement agencies - Oceania, List of law enforcement agencies - Australia, List of law enforcement agencies - New Zealand, List of law enforcement agencies - South America, List of law enforcement agencies - Argentina, List of law enforcement agencies - Disbanded agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - Nazi Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - East Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Fascist Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Communist Romania, List of law enforcement agencies - Soviet Union

Read more here: » List of law enforcement agencies: Encyclopedia II - List of law enforcement agencies - Europe

RAID has a strength of around 60 and is divided into three main sections: Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - First Section. The first section deals with the usual tasks of special forces: intervention, monitoring, protection. Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Second Section. The second section is the Research and Development unit of the RAID. It studies techniques and collects information. This section is divided into three groups: < ...

See also:

Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Organisation, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - First Section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Second Section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Third section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - History

Read more here: » Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion: Encyclopedia II - Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Organisation

Khaled Kelkal - Early life. Born in 1971 in Mostaganem, Algeria, Khaled Kelhal, still an infant, came with his mother to live with his father, an immigrant, in Vaulx-en-Velin, a suburb of Lyon. He had four sisters and three brothers. He had good grades in school and had a normal life until attending La Martinière lycée in Lyon. He then slipped into delinquence, probably under the influence of his elder brother Nouredine (sentenced to 9 years in prison for armed robbery). In 1990, Kelkal was ...

See also:

Khaled Kelkal, Khaled Kelkal - Life of Khaled Kelkal, Khaled Kelkal - Early life, Khaled Kelkal - Involvement with Islamism, Khaled Kelkal - Criminal record, Khaled Kelkal - Terrorist actions, Khaled Kelkal - Death and polemics, Khaled Kelkal - Aftermath

Read more here: » Khaled Kelkal: Encyclopedia II - Khaled Kelkal - Life of Khaled Kelkal

The unit was kept top-secret during its initial years. Fighters and commanders were selectively hand-picked, based on personal acquaintances and family members of existing members (two of Netanyahu's brothers also served in the unit, for example). Since the 1980s, while still secretive, the unit opened to voluntary recruits. Twice a year it holds a notoriously gruelling selection camp (Gibush) for potential recruits lasting several sleepless days. The recruits are constantly monitored by doctors and psychologists. Those who make it ...

See also:

Sayeret Matkal, Sayeret Matkal - Recruitment and training, Sayeret Matkal - Notable former Sayeret Matkal figures, Sayeret Matkal - Known operations

Read more here: » Sayeret Matkal: Encyclopedia II - Sayeret Matkal - Recruitment and training

The Gendarmerie Départementale conducts local policing functions throughout the French territory. It is divided into regions (headed by a general, one for each defense zone), themselves divided into legions (headed by a colonel, one for each administrative region), themselves divided into groupements (one for each département, thus the name), themselves divided into compagnies (one for each arrondissement). It maintains gendarmerie stations throughout the rural parts of the territory. In addition, ...

See also:

French Gendarmerie, French Gendarmerie - The Gendarmerie Départementale, French Gendarmerie - The Gendarmerie Mobile, French Gendarmerie - Special divisions, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie Maritime, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie des Transports Aériens, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie de l'Air, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie de l'Armement, French Gendarmerie - Republican Guard, French Gendarmerie - Free software

Read more here: » French Gendarmerie: Encyclopedia II - French Gendarmerie - The Gendarmerie Départementale

Though initially confined to metropolitan cities, today virtually every city with a police force in excess of a handful of officers has a paramilitary tactical unit. A variety of abbreviations and acronyms are used for these organizations, which operate at federal, state, and local levels. SWAT - Federal agencies. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Special Response Teams (SRT) Drug Enforcement Administration Mobile Enforcement Teams (MET) Federal Bureau of Investig ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Non-municipal police departments, SWAT - Municipal police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - SWAT units in the United States

Though initially confined to metropolitan cities, today virtually every city with a police force in excess of a handful of officers has a paramilitary tactical unit. A variety of abbreviations and acronyms are used for these organizations, which operate at federal, state, and local levels. SWAT - Federal agencies. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Special Response Teams (SRT) Drug Enforcement Administration Mobile Enforcement Teams (MET) Federal Bureau of Investig ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Nonmunicipal police departments, SWAT - City and town police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - SWAT units in the United States

Kelkal was carrying an addressbook which allowed the police to arrest part of the terrorist network. A few days afterward, Boualem Bensaïd, Kelkal's superior, was arrested in Paris, as he was setting details for a bombing in a market of Lille. Further investigations demonstrated that Kelkal had been the hand behind the car bomb which had exploded in front of a Jewish school on the 7th of September 1995 in Villeurbanne, a suburb of Lyon, precisely at the hour of the exit of the schoolchildren (out of sheer luck, the school clock was late, and no ...

See also:

Khaled Kelkal, Khaled Kelkal - Life of Khaled Kelkal, Khaled Kelkal - Early life, Khaled Kelkal - Involvement with Islamism, Khaled Kelkal - Criminal record, Khaled Kelkal - Terrorist actions, Khaled Kelkal - Death and polemics, Khaled Kelkal - Aftermath

Read more here: » Khaled Kelkal: Encyclopedia II - Khaled Kelkal - Aftermath

This kind of police unit quickly became well known with the premiere of the short-lived but notorious television series S.W.A.T. in the 1970s, which was panned as being overly violent and unrealistic with the characters regularly undergoing missions that usually happen only once in a lifetime for actual teams. There is a series of computer games by Sierra Entertainment and developed by Vivendi Universal and Irrational Games under the name of SWAT, in which the player commands a SWAT team and utilizes real tactics and too ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Non-municipal police departments, SWAT - Municipal police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - Cultural references

SWAT teams use specially-manufactured equipment designed for close-quarters combat (CQB) in an urban environment. The particular pieces of equipment vary from unit to unit, but there are some consistent trends in what they wear and use. Individual clothing and equipment usually consists of fire-proof Nomex coveralls, a body armor vest, an outer tactical vest for carrying ammunition and other gear, Nomex gloves, balaclava, protective eye goggles, Kevlar helmet or gas mask, flashlight, soft-soled urban boots, flexi-cuffs, and thigh ammo ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Non-municipal police departments, SWAT - Municipal police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - SWAT equipment

Before deploying, a SWAT team will review the situation at hand. The officers will be briefed on the mission: the kind of mission (such as serving a warrant, arresting a suspect, hostage rescue, or others), the physical layout of the target (the architecture of any buildings involved, for example), any available intelligence on the target, and the actual tactical plan to be used. In a typical arrest mission, the SWAT team will attempt to move in unnoticed, if possible, to prevent the suspect from fleeing. Once on-site and in place, the team will attempt to resolve the s ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Non-municipal police departments, SWAT - Municipal police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - Tactics

The first SWAT unit was created in the city of Delano, California, in the 1960s in response to the uprisings of farmworkers (who would later be united under the pacifist leader of the UFW, César Chávez). This unit was a department-wide team which received specialized crowd control, sniper/counter-sniper, and counter-force training. In the 1960s, Los Angeles was experiencing problems with sniping incidents against police officers and civilians. Ordinary police officers handled those situations poorly, since they received limited weap ...

See also:

SWAT, SWAT - History, SWAT - Training, SWAT - Tactics, SWAT - SWAT equipment, SWAT - Cultural references, SWAT - SWAT units in the United States, SWAT - Federal agencies, SWAT - State agencies, SWAT - County agencies, SWAT - Regional agencies and multi-agency mutual aid systems, SWAT - Non-municipal police departments, SWAT - Municipal police departments, SWAT - Associations, SWAT - Synonyms for SWAT, SWAT - Similar units outside the United States

Read more here: » SWAT: Encyclopedia II - SWAT - History

RAID has special competences : "Plan Piratair" (for plane hijackings), nuclear sites, the Channel Tunnel, the trains, and other strategic sites. The first intervention of RAID was widely publicised. A madman, calling himself "HB" (for "Human Bomb", in English), and carrying large quantities of explosives, took 21 children hostages in a school in Neuilly. Nicolas Sarkozy, as he was major of Neuilly, managed to obtain the liberation of several children. After 46 hours, the madman fell asleep; men of the RAID crept into the school t ...

See also:

Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Organisation, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - First Section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Second Section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - Third section, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - History

Read more here: » Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion: Encyclopedia II - Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion - History

Note: Many of these fall under the definition of secret police and derive from that list. List of law enforcement agencies - Nazi Germany. Ordnungspolizei (Order Police) Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police) Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police) Gestapo (Secret State Police) List of law enforcement agencies - East Germany. Volkspoli ...

See also:

List of law enforcement agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - International, List of law enforcement agencies - Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Morocco, List of law enforcement agencies - South Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Zimbabwe, List of law enforcement agencies - Asia, List of law enforcement agencies - China People's Republic of, List of law enforcement agencies - China Republic of Taiwan, List of law enforcement agencies - India, List of law enforcement agencies - Iraq, List of law enforcement agencies - Israel, List of law enforcement agencies - Japan, List of law enforcement agencies - Korea South, List of law enforcement agencies - Malaysia, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Singapore, List of law enforcement agencies - Europe, List of law enforcement agencies - France, List of law enforcement agencies - Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Ireland, List of law enforcement agencies - Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Netherlands The, List of law enforcement agencies - Norway, List of law enforcement agencies - Poland, List of law enforcement agencies - Russia, List of law enforcement agencies - Spain, List of law enforcement agencies - Sweden, List of law enforcement agencies - Ukraine, List of law enforcement agencies - United Kingdom, List of law enforcement agencies - North America, List of law enforcement agencies - Canada, List of law enforcement agencies - Mexico, List of law enforcement agencies - United States, List of law enforcement agencies - Oceania, List of law enforcement agencies - Australia, List of law enforcement agencies - New Zealand, List of law enforcement agencies - South America, List of law enforcement agencies - Argentina, List of law enforcement agencies - Disbanded agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - Nazi Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - East Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Fascist Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Communist Romania, List of law enforcement agencies - Soviet Union

Read more here: » List of law enforcement agencies: Encyclopedia II - List of law enforcement agencies - Disbanded agencies

List of law enforcement agencies - China People's Republic of. Ministry of Public Security People's Armed Police Hong Kong Police Independent Commission Against Corruption Immigration Department Customs and Excise Department Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force Macau Security Force List of law enforcement agencies - China Republic of Taiwan. National Police Agency Republic of China Coas ...

See also:

List of law enforcement agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - International, List of law enforcement agencies - Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Morocco, List of law enforcement agencies - South Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Zimbabwe, List of law enforcement agencies - Asia, List of law enforcement agencies - China People's Republic of, List of law enforcement agencies - China Republic of Taiwan, List of law enforcement agencies - India, List of law enforcement agencies - Iraq, List of law enforcement agencies - Israel, List of law enforcement agencies - Japan, List of law enforcement agencies - Korea South, List of law enforcement agencies - Malaysia, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Singapore, List of law enforcement agencies - Europe, List of law enforcement agencies - France, List of law enforcement agencies - Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Ireland, List of law enforcement agencies - Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Netherlands The, List of law enforcement agencies - Norway, List of law enforcement agencies - Poland, List of law enforcement agencies - Russia, List of law enforcement agencies - Spain, List of law enforcement agencies - Sweden, List of law enforcement agencies - Ukraine, List of law enforcement agencies - United Kingdom, List of law enforcement agencies - North America, List of law enforcement agencies - Canada, List of law enforcement agencies - Mexico, List of law enforcement agencies - United States, List of law enforcement agencies - Oceania, List of law enforcement agencies - Australia, List of law enforcement agencies - New Zealand, List of law enforcement agencies - South America, List of law enforcement agencies - Argentina, List of law enforcement agencies - Disbanded agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - Nazi Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - East Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Fascist Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Communist Romania, List of law enforcement agencies - Soviet Union

Read more here: » List of law enforcement agencies: Encyclopedia II - List of law enforcement agencies - Asia

List of law enforcement agencies - Morocco. Le Sûreté National (National Police Force) La Gendarmerie Royale (Royal Military Police Force) List of law enforcement agencies - South Africa. South African Police Service List of law enforcement agencies - Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Republic Police ...

See also:

List of law enforcement agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - International, List of law enforcement agencies - Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Morocco, List of law enforcement agencies - South Africa, List of law enforcement agencies - Zimbabwe, List of law enforcement agencies - Asia, List of law enforcement agencies - China People's Republic of, List of law enforcement agencies - China Republic of Taiwan, List of law enforcement agencies - India, List of law enforcement agencies - Iraq, List of law enforcement agencies - Israel, List of law enforcement agencies - Japan, List of law enforcement agencies - Korea South, List of law enforcement agencies - Malaysia, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Singapore, List of law enforcement agencies - Europe, List of law enforcement agencies - France, List of law enforcement agencies - Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Ireland, List of law enforcement agencies - Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Netherlands The, List of law enforcement agencies - Norway, List of law enforcement agencies - Poland, List of law enforcement agencies - Russia, List of law enforcement agencies - Spain, List of law enforcement agencies - Sweden, List of law enforcement agencies - Ukraine, List of law enforcement agencies - United Kingdom, List of law enforcement agencies - North America, List of law enforcement agencies - Canada, List of law enforcement agencies - Mexico, List of law enforcement agencies - United States, List of law enforcement agencies - Oceania, List of law enforcement agencies - Australia, List of law enforcement agencies - New Zealand, List of law enforcement agencies - South America, List of law enforcement agencies - Argentina, List of law enforcement agencies - Disbanded agencies, List of law enforcement agencies - Nazi Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - East Germany, List of law enforcement agencies - Fascist Italy, List of law enforcement agencies - Philippines, List of law enforcement agencies - Communist Romania, List of law enforcement agencies - Soviet Union

Read more here: » List of law enforcement agencies: Encyclopedia II - List of law enforcement agencies - Africa

French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie Maritime. Main article: Gendarmerie Maritime Placed under the dual supervision of the Gendarmerie and the Navy, its missions include: police and security in the naval bases; maritime surveillance; police at sea; assistance and rescue at sea. French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie des Transports Aériens. Placed under the dual supervision of the Gendarmerie and the direction of civilian aviat ...

See also:

French Gendarmerie, French Gendarmerie - The Gendarmerie Départementale, French Gendarmerie - The Gendarmerie Mobile, French Gendarmerie - Special divisions, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie Maritime, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie des Transports Aériens, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie de l'Air, French Gendarmerie - Gendarmerie de l'Armement, French Gendarmerie - Republican Guard, French Gendarmerie - Free software

Read more here: » French Gendarmerie: Encyclopedia II - French Gendarmerie - Special divisions