Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - The 360s Bc
Epaminondas - First Invasion of the Peloponnese. For about a year after the victory at Leuctra, Epaminondas occupied himself with conso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece is the term used to describe the Greek-speaking world in ancient times. It refers not only to the geographical peninsula o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 379 Bc: Encyclopedia - 379 Bc
379 BC - Events. The occupying Spartan garrison at Thebes is driven out by Pelopidas and Epaminondas. 379 BC - Births. 379 BC - De...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Agesilaus Ii: Encyclopedia - Agesilaus Ii
Agesilaus II, or Agesilaos II (Greek Ἀγησιλάος), king of Sparta, of the Eurypontid family, was the son of Archidamus II and Eup...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cleombrotus: Encyclopedia - Cleombrotus
Cleombrotus (4?? BC-371 BC) was a Spartan King who ruled from 380 BC to 371 BC. Little is known of Cleombrtus's early life, however he be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Victor Davis Hanson: Encyclopedia - Victor Davis Hanson
Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953) is an American military historian and political essayist, best known as a scholar of ancient warfare as w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Abstract Strategy: Encyclopedia - Abstract Strategy
An abstract strategy game is a board game with perfect information, no chance, and (usually) two players. Many of the world's classic boa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boeotia: Encyclopedia - Boeotia
Boeotia or Beotia (World Book «bee OH shuh») (Greek Βοιωτια; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was the central are...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Delium: Encyclopedia - Battle Of Delium
The Battle of Delium or of Delion took place in 424 BC between the Athenians and the Boeotians, and ended with the siege of Delium (also ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thebes Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Thebes Greece - History
The record of the earliest days of Thebes was preserved among the Greeks in an abundant mass of legends which rival the myths of Troy in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Ancient Greece
There are no fixed or universally agreed dates for the beginning or the end of the Ancient Greek period. In common usage it refers to all...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phocis: Encyclopedia Ii - Phocis - History
The early history of Phocis remains quite obscure. During the Persian invasion of 480 BC the Phocians at first joined in the national def...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philip Ii Of Macedon: Encyclopedia Ii - Philip Ii Of Macedon - Life
Born in Pella, Philip was the youngest son of King Amyntas III and Eurydice. In his youth, (ca. 368 BC–365 BC) Philip was a hostage in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Political Aspects
The state benefitted from these relationships, according to the statements of ancient writers. The friendship functioned as a restraint o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - The 5th Century Bce
The beginning of the 5th century saw Sparta at the height of her power, though her prestige must have suffered in the fruitless attempts ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece - In The Military
The Sacred Band of Thebes, a separate military unit reserved only for homosexuals, is usually considered as the prime example of how the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Messinia: Encyclopedia Ii - Messinia - History
Historically and economically the most important part of Messinia is the great plain, consisting of two distinct portions, watered by the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phalanx Formation: Encyclopedia Ii - Phalanx Formation - Operation
The hoplite phalanx was a formation in which the hoplites would line up in lines, no less than four deep, in very close order. In this fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Messene: Encyclopedia Ii - Messene - Ancient City
The town was built by the combined Theban and Argive armies and the exiled Messenians who had been invited to return and found a state wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Megalopolis Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Megalopolis Greece - Population
Megalopolis is also a province. It contains the communities of: Amenodouri Ano Anavrito Issari Kato Anavrito Makrinisi? Perivolia Rapsom...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In The Militaries Of Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In The Militaries Of Ancient Greece - Greek City-states
Homosexuality among males in the militaries and warriors of ancient Greek city-states were documented by many historians throughout the a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Naupactus: Encyclopedia Ii - Naupactus - History
In historical times it belonged to the Ozolian Locrians; but about 455 BC, in spite of a partial resettlement with Locrians of Opus, it f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Victor Davis Hanson: Encyclopedia Ii - Victor Davis Hanson - Stances
Victor Davis Hanson - Iraq War. Hanson believes that the Iraq War is a good and worthwhile undertaking and that it has been, with some ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Historical Pederastic Couples: Encyclopedia Ii - Historical Pederastic Couples - Known Or Presumed Pederastic Couples
In the following list the couples are listed in chronological order, and the name of the older partner precedes that of the younger. Thou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Society
The distinguishing features of ancient Greek society were the division between free and slave, the differing roles of men and women, the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Ancient Greece
There are no fixed or universally agreed dates for the beginning or the end of the Ancient Greek period. In common usage it refers to al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Board Games: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Board Games - Two-player Abstract Strategy Games
In abstract strategy games, players know the entire game state at all times, and random generators such as dice are not used. List of bo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - The 4th Century Bce
The fall of Athens left Sparta once again supreme in the Greek world and demonstrated clearly its total unfitness for rule. Everywhere de...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Greek Dark Ages
The Greek Dark Ages (ca. 1200 BC–800 BC) refers to the period of Greek prehistory from the presumed Dorian invasion and end of the Myce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - The 3rd Century Bce
Twenty-two years later the city was attacked by an immense force under Pyrrhus, but Spartan bravery had not died out and the formidable e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - The 6th Century Bce
Early in the 6th century the Spartan kings Leon and Agasicles made a vigorous attack on Tegea, the most powerful of the Arcadian cities, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - Intervention Of Rome
Nonetheless, a vigorous struggle was maintained with the Achaean League and with Macedon until the Romans, after the conclusion of their ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - Prehistoric Period
Tradition relates that Sparta was founded by Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete, who called the city after his wife, the daughter of Eur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age
Mycenaean Greece, also known as Bronze Age Greece, is the Late Helladic Bronze Age civilization of Ancient Greece. It lasted from the arr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Ottoman Rule And The Rise Of Modern Greece
Main articles: Ottoman Greece and History of Modern Greece When the Ottomans arrived, two Greek migrations occurred. The first migration ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Medieval Greece
The history of the Byzantine Empire is described by scholar August Heisenberg as the history "of the Roman state of the Greek nation, tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War
In 431 BC war broke out again between Athens and Sparta and its allies. The immediate cause was a dispute between Corinth and one of its ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - Medieval Sparta
In CE 406 Alaric destroyed the city, and at a later period Laconia was invaded and settled by Slavonic tribes, especially the Melings and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Sparta: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sparta - The Expansion Of Sparta
We cannot trace in detail the process by which Sparta subjugated the whole of Laconia, but apparently the first step, taken in the reign ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age
Mycenaean Greece, also known as Bronze Age Greece, is the Late Helladic Bronze Age civilization of Ancient Greece. It lasted from the arr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Messinia: Encyclopedia Ii - Messinia - Islands
Messinia - Provinces. Province of Kalamata - Kalamata Province of Messene - Messene Province of Pylia - Pylos Province of Tryfilia - K...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Messinia: Encyclopedia Ii - Messinia - Communications
Messinia - Television. Notioi Elliniki Teleorasi, lit. the Southern Greece Television ... See also:Messinia, Messinia - History, Me...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phalanx Formation: Encyclopedia Ii - Phalanx Formation - Origins
The earliest know depiction of a phalanx-like formation occurs in a Sumerian stele. In this particular instance the troops seem to have b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phalanx Formation: Encyclopedia Ii - Phalanx Formation - Demise
While the phalanx formation was formidable, and nearly indestructible from the front, the formation was very slow when maneuvering, and c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Origins
The Greeks are believed to have migrated southward into the Balkan peninsula in several waves beginning in the late 3rd millennium BC, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Messinia: Encyclopedia Ii - Messinia - Climate
Climate may vary, in the lowlands, temperatures are a bit warmer than Athens. Snow is not common during winter months except for the moun...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars
In Ionia (the modern Aegean coast of Turkey) the Greek cities, which included great centres such as Miletus and Halicarnassus, were unabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece - Examples
Homosexuality in ancient Greece - Warriors. Notable ancient Greek warriors who had same-sex love relationships: Aristomenes - Prince o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece - Love Between Adult Men
Many believe the first recorded appearance of such desire was in the Iliad (800 BC). The intentions of the Iliad have been a subject of m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In The Militaries Of Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In The Militaries Of Ancient Greece - Examples
Homosexuality in the militaries of ancient Greece - Warriors. Notable ancient Greek warriors who had same-sex love relationships: Aris...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Historical Pederastic Couples: Encyclopedia Ii - Historical Pederastic Couples - Problematics Of The Pederastic Record
In the premodern and modern west their equivocal status has made pederastic relationships hard to document, since it was in the interest ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War
In 431 BC war broke out again between Athens and Sparta and its allies. The proximate cause was a dispute between Corinth and one of its ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Homosexuality In Ancient Greece - Sapphic Love
Sappho, a poet from the island of Lesbos, was mistress of a school of girls and wrote love poems to many of her young students, with whom...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Medieval Greece
The history of the Byzantine Empire is described by scholar August Heisenberg as the history "of the Roman state of the Greek nation, tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Influence On Literature And The Arts
Poets write of pederasty from the earliest eras to the end of the Hellenistic era. Five philosophical dialogues debate its ethical implic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Creation Of The Modern Greek State
The Ottomans ruled Greece until the early 19th century. In 1821, the Greeks rebelled in the Greek War of Independence and declared their ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Modern Scholarship
The ethical views held in those societies (such as Athens, Thebes, Crete, Sparta, Elis, and others) on the practice of pederasty have bee...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Medieval Greece
The history of the Byzantine Empire is described by scholar August Heisenberg as the history "of the Roman state of the Greek nation, tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phocis: Encyclopedia Ii - Phocis - Geography
Ancient Phocis was about 1,619 km² (625 mi²) in area, bounded on the west by Ozolian Locris and Doris, on the north by Opuntian Locris,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Mycenaean Greece Bronze Age
Mycenaean Greece, also known as Bronze Age Greece, is the Late Helladic Bronze Age civilization of Ancient Greece. It lasted from the arr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Religious Aspects
Myths provide more than fifty examples of young men who were the lovers of gods (Sergent). Poets and traditions ascribe Zeus, Poseidon, A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Sexual Aspects
Ancient sources suggest a range of sexual activity. Cicero, describing Spartan customs, suggests that relations were expected to stop sho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Naupactus: Encyclopedia Ii - Naupactus - Communications
Naupactus - Television. Nafpaktos TV, formerly Lepanto Lychnos - religious ... See also:Naupactus, Naupactus - History, Naupactus -...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Naupactus: Encyclopedia Ii - Naupactus - Residents
The town has schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, churches, banks, a post office, a beach, and a square (plateia) located next to the Gulf of Co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - History
The ancient Greeks of the pederastic city-states were the first to describe, study, systematize, and establish pederasty as an institutio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Philosophical Discourses
Socrates, Plato, and Xenophon described the inspirational powers of love between men though decrying its physical expression. Upon the de...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Educational And Military Aspects
Ancient writers, as well as modern historians such as Bruce Thronton, hold that the goal of paiderastia was pedagogical, the channeling o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pederasty In Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Pederasty In Ancient Greece - Social Aspects
Pederastic relationships were dyadic mentorships. These mentorships were sanctioned by the state, as evidenced by laws mandating and cont...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Roman Period
Militarily Greece itself declined to the point that the Romans conquered the land (168 BC onwards), though Greek culture would in turn co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philip Ii Of Macedon: Encyclopedia Ii - Philip Ii Of Macedon - Philip's Assassination
The murder happened in October of that year, at Aegae, the ancient capital of the kingdom. The occasion was the marriage between Alexande...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phocis: Encyclopedia Ii - Phocis - Phocis Today
Phocis is today a prefecture and the capital is at Amfissa. It is one of the least populated prefectures in Greece. The neighboring prefe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Victor Davis Hanson: Encyclopedia Ii - Victor Davis Hanson - Carnage And Culture
Dr. Hanson is most famous for his 2001 book Carnage and Culture in which he argued that the military dominance of Western Civilization, b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Rise Of Hellas
In the 8th century BC Greece began to emerge from the Dark Ages which followed the fall of the Mycenaean civilization. Literacy had been ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greece - Hellenistic Greece
The Hellenistic period of Greek history begins with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and ends with the annexation of the Greek ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War
In 431 BC war broke out again between Athens and Sparta and its allies. The immediate cause was a dispute between Corinth and one of its ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars
In Ionia (the modern Aegean coast of Turkey) the Greek cities, which included great centres such as Miletus and Halicarnassus, were unabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Victor Davis Hanson: Encyclopedia Ii - Victor Davis Hanson - Early Life Education And Today
Hanson grew up on a family farm at Selma, in the San Joaquin Valley of California. His mother was a lawyer and judge, his father an educa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Conquests Of Alexander
Philip was succeeded by his 20-year-old son Alexander, who immediately set out to carry out his father's plans. He travelled to Corinth w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Social And Political Conflict
The Greek cities were originally monarchies, although many of them were very small and the term "King" (basileus) for their rulers is mis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Rise Of Macedon
The Kingdom of Macedon was formed in the 7th century BC out of northern Greek tribes. They played little part in Greek politics before th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Spartan And Theban Dominance
The end of the Peloponnesian War left Sparta the master of Greece, but the narrow outlook of the Spartan warrior elite did not suit them ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Dominance Of Athens
The Persian Wars ushered in a century of Athenian dominance of Greek affairs. Athens was the unchallenged master of the sea, and also the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - 371 Bc
Epaminondas - Peace Conference of 371. No source states exactly when Epaminondas was first elected a Boeotarch, but by 371 BC he was in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - Legacy
Extant biographies of Epaminondas universally describe him as one of the most talented men produced by the Greek city-states in their fin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - Historical Record
Even though Epaminondas was a historically significant figure of his time there is comparatively little information about his life availa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - Youth Education And Personal Life
Epaminondas' father Polymnis was an impoverished scion of an old Theban noble family. Nonetheless, in Epaminondas' youth he was provided ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epaminondas: Encyclopedia Ii - Epaminondas - Early Career
Epaminondas lived at a particularly turbulent point in Greek and Theban history. Following the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC, Sp...   » Read the article