The Enneagram (or Enneagon) is a nine-pointed diametric figure which is used to indicate the dynamic ways that aspects of things and processes are connected and change. These days the Enneagram figure's most well-known use is in indicating a dynamic model of nine distinct yet interconnected psychological types (usually called 'personality types' or 'character types'). These types can be understood as unconsciously de ...

Including:

• Enneagram - The diametric figure
• Enneagram - Historical development
• Enneagram - The nine types
• Enneagram - Wings
• Enneagram - Stress & security points
• Enneagram - Instinctual subtypes
• Enneagram - Ego-fixations & deadly sins
• Enneagram - Research issues
• Enneagram - Criticism

Read more here: » Enneagram: Encyclopedia - Enneagram

See also:

Enneagram, Enneagram - The diametric figure, Enneagram - Historical development, Enneagram - The nine types, Enneagram - Wings, Enneagram - Stress & security points, Enneagram - Instinctual subtypes, Enneagram - Ego-fixations & deadly sins, Enneagram - Research issues, Enneagram - Criticism

Read more here: » Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - Enneagram - Criticism

The nine Enneagram types are often given names that indicate some distinctive behavioral aspect, though these labels are insufficient to capture the nuances of the type concerned. Some examples are as follows. (For convenience, the corresponding deadly sin is indicated in square brackets: see below). One: Reformer, Critic, Perfectionist [Anger]. This type focuses on integrity. Ones can be wise, discerning and inspiring in their quest for the truth. They also tend to dissociate themselves from t ...

See also:

Enneagram, Enneagram - The diametric figure, Enneagram - Historical development, Enneagram - The nine types, Enneagram - Wings, Enneagram - Stress & security points, Enneagram - Instinctual subtypes, Enneagram - Ego-fixations & deadly sins, Enneagram - Research issues, Enneagram - Criticism

Read more here: » Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - Enneagram - The nine types

According to Don Richard Riso, the Helper is the second personality type of the Enneagram, and is also known as a Two. Two Enneagram - Basic Description. When Helpers are at their healthiest, they are the most genuinely helpful of all the types. The are the parent that everyone wishes they had: Someone who accepts them, is compassionate, is encouraging and helpful.When they are less healthy, they like to see themselves as being helpful, but really, they have a shadow side of pride and manipulation. They fee ...

Including:

• Two Enneagram - Basic Description
• Two Enneagram - Childhood
• Two Enneagram - Wings
• Two Enneagram - Two With A One Wing: The Servant
• Two Enneagram - Two With A Three Wing: The Host/Hostess
• Two Enneagram - Instincts
• Two Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinct
• Two Enneagram - Social Instinct
• Two Enneagram - Sexual Instinct
• Two Enneagram - Issues Helpers Will Face in Their Lives
• Two Enneagram - Levels of Development
• Two Enneagram - Self-Development
• Two Enneagram - Gifts
• Two Enneagram - Other interesting facts

Read more here: » Two Enneagram: Encyclopedia - Two Enneagram

The Fourth Way has come to be used as a general descriptive term for the body of ideas and teachings of G. I. Gurdjieff, which are also sometimes called "The Work" or "The Gurdjieff Work". The Fourth Way - The Teachings. When asked about the teaching he was setting forth, Gurdjieff said, "The teaching whose theory is here being set out is completely self supporting and independent of other lines and it has been completely unknown up to the present time." However, as with so much of what Gurdjieff sai ...

Including:

• The Fourth Way - The Teachings
• The Fourth Way - The Ways
• The Fourth Way - The Fourth Way
• The Fourth Way - Teaching Methods
• The Fourth Way - Symbolism
• The Fourth Way - Conditions
• The Fourth Way - After Gurdjieff

Read more here: » The Fourth Way: Encyclopedia - The Fourth Way

Integral organizations: Integral Institute Cal. Inst. of Integral Studies Integral University In the Integral theory of Ken Wilber, AQAL stands for "All quadrants, all levels", and equally connotes "all lines, all states, all types". An account or theory is said to be AQAL, and thus integral (inclusive or comprehensive), if it accounts for or makes reference to all four quadrants and four major levels in Wilber's ontological scheme, described below. AQAL - QuadrantsIncluding:

• AQAL - Quadrants
• AQAL - Eight indigenous perspectives
• AQAL - Lines streams or intelligences
• AQAL - Levels or stages
• AQAL - States
• AQAL - Types

Read more here: » AQAL: Encyclopedia - AQAL

In psychology, motivation is the driving force (desire) behind all actions of human beings, animals, and lower organisms. Many textbooks define it as an internal state or condition that activates behavior and gives it direction, desire or want that energizes and directs goal-oriented behavior, or an influence of needs and desires on the intensity and direction of behavior. Motivation is often based on emotions, specifically, on the search for positive emotional experiences and the avoidance of negative ones, where positi ...

Including:

• Motivation - Types of motivation
• Motivation - Physiological needs
• Motivation - Other biological motivations
• Motivation - Secondary goals
• Motivation - Coercion
• Motivation - Self control
• Motivation - Controlling motivation
• Motivation - Early programming
• Motivation - Organization
• Motivation - Drugs
• Motivation - In Education
• Motivation - Is Money a Motivator?
• Motivation - Reference

Read more here: » Motivation: Encyclopedia - Motivation

Personality psychology is a branch of psychology which studies personality and individual difference processes - that which makes us into a person. One emphasis in personality psychology is on trying to create a coherent picture of a person and all his or her major psychological processes. Another emphasis views personality psychology as the study of individual differences. These two views work together in practice. Personality psychologists are interested in a broad view of the individual's psychological processes. This often leads t ...

Including:

• Personality psychology - What is personality?
• Personality psychology - A typology of personality models
• Personality psychology - Personality theories
• Personality psychology - Trait theories
• Personality psychology - Psychodynamic theories
• Personality psychology - Behaviorist theories
• Personality psychology - Cognitive and social-cognitive theories
• Personality psychology - Humanistic theories
• Personality psychology - Other theories
• Personality psychology - Personality tests
• Personality psychology - Brain Research

Read more here: » Personality psychology: Encyclopedia - Personality psychology

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a collection of self-help recommendations, promoted through the popular psychology and self development sections of bookshops, and advertised in various media including the Internet and infomercials. NLP was proposed in 1973 by Richard Bandler and John Grinder as a set of models and principles to describe the relationship between mind (neuro) and language (linguistic, both verbal and non-verbal) and how their interaction might be organized (programming) to affect an ind ...

Including:

• Neuro-linguistic programming - Overview
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Foundational Assumptions
• Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP and Theory
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Common Techniques and Practices
• Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP Modeling
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Fundamentals
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Presuppositions
• Neuro-linguistic programming - The B.A.G.E.L. Model
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Eye accessing cues body cues and NLP representational systems
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Meta-model and Milton Model
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Varying Concepts
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Background and Applications
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Background
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Applications
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Scientific analysis of NLP
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Criticism
• Neuro-linguistic programming - False claims to science
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Pseudoscience
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Ethical Concerns
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Questionable Applications
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Cult characteristics
• Neuro-linguistic programming - Developers

Read more here: » Neuro-linguistic programming: Encyclopedia - Neuro-linguistic programming

One Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinct. These types of Reformers worry about their material well-being, and have a strong drive for self-gratification. However, their superegos tend to counter such drives. Each mistake they make is a catastrophe to them. They are often fastidious about their environments, such as Felix Unger in The Odd Couple. Whatever they worry about, they scold in others. Health conscious Reformers would scold others for not taking care of their health, while penny-pinching Reformers would scold others for ...

See also:

One Enneagram, One Enneagram - Basic Description, One Enneagram - Childhood, One Enneagram - Wings, One Enneagram - One With A Nine Wing: The Idealist, One Enneagram - One With A Two Wing: The Advocate, One Enneagram - Instincts, One Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinct, One Enneagram - Social Instinct, One Enneagram - Sexual Instinct, One Enneagram - Issues Reformers Will Face in Their Lives, One Enneagram - Levels of Development, One Enneagram - Self-Development, One Enneagram - Gifts, One Enneagram - Other interesting facts

Read more here: » One Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - One Enneagram - Instincts

Five Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinctual Variant. The fives of this variant might be the most reclusive type/variant combination there is in the enneagram. They feel with acuteness scarcity of energy, time, and resources, and they defend against this fear by withdrawal. Self-preservational fives can hoard property, time, and space, or produce a fortress of theoretical construct, to ward off intrusions from the outside world. Some self-preservational fives also have strong technical focus and abilities, ag ...

See also:

Five Enneagram, Five Enneagram - Basic Description, Five Enneagram - 'Fuels' that drive the type focus of attention, Five Enneagram - Levels of Development, Five Enneagram - Childhood, Five Enneagram - Wings, Five Enneagram - Five With A Four Wing: The Iconoclast, Five Enneagram - Five With A Six Wing: The Problem Solver, Five Enneagram - Instinctual Variants of Type Five, Five Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Social Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Sexual Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Antidotes for personal growth

Read more here: » Five Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - Five Enneagram - Instinctual Variants of Type Five

Two Enneagram - Two With A One Wing: The Servant. These people could also be called "Good Samaritans" because they are willing to do thankless tasks that others avoid. They are often teachers, in the healing professions, the ministry, and work with the poor or the handicapped or the mentally challenged. Average 2w1s struggle with their "selfish" feelings, and are dutiful, proper, and perfectionistic. They are restrained emotionally and dislike drawing attention to themselves, but they still want to feel imp ...

See also:

Two Enneagram, Two Enneagram - Basic Description, Two Enneagram - Childhood, Two Enneagram - Wings, Two Enneagram - Two With A One Wing: The Servant, Two Enneagram - Two With A Three Wing: The Host/Hostess, Two Enneagram - Instincts, Two Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinct, Two Enneagram - Social Instinct, Two Enneagram - Sexual Instinct, Two Enneagram - Issues Helpers Will Face in Their Lives, Two Enneagram - Levels of Development, Two Enneagram - Self-Development, Two Enneagram - Gifts, Two Enneagram - Other interesting facts

Read more here: » Two Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - Two Enneagram - Wings

One Enneagram - One With A Nine Wing: The Idealist. When 1w9s are healthy, they are often scholarly and reclusive. However, they are seen as kind, generous, and considerate. They are often intellectual geniuses and are devoted to their principles. When 1w9s are average, they tend to also be reclusive, but they are also elitist and condescending to people they c ...

See also:

One Enneagram, One Enneagram - Basic Description, One Enneagram - Childhood, One Enneagram - Wings, One Enneagram - One With A Nine Wing: The Idealist, One Enneagram - One With A Two Wing: The Advocate, One Enneagram - Instincts, One Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinct, One Enneagram - Social Instinct, One Enneagram - Sexual Instinct, One Enneagram - Issues Reformers Will Face in Their Lives, One Enneagram - Levels of Development, One Enneagram - Self-Development, One Enneagram - Gifts, One Enneagram - Other interesting facts

Read more here: » One Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - One Enneagram - Wings

Five Enneagram - Five With A Four Wing: The Iconoclast. The four wing produces an emotional "charge" that complements the five's mental intensity. They are emotionally sensitive and easily overwhelmed, yet at the same time driven to explore their emotional landscapes, often by deliberately entering dark, esoteric, or disturbing arenas of thoughts. Compared to 5w6's, 5w4's have a more intuitive, non-rational approach to knowledge, which can lead to both aesthetic awareness and open de ...

See also:

Five Enneagram, Five Enneagram - Basic Description, Five Enneagram - 'Fuels' that drive the type focus of attention, Five Enneagram - Levels of Development, Five Enneagram - Childhood, Five Enneagram - Wings, Five Enneagram - Five With A Four Wing: The Iconoclast, Five Enneagram - Five With A Six Wing: The Problem Solver, Five Enneagram - Instinctual Variants of Type Five, Five Enneagram - Self-Preservational Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Social Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Sexual Instinctual Variant, Five Enneagram - Antidotes for personal growth

Read more here: » Five Enneagram: Encyclopedia II - Five Enneagram - Wings

When asked about the teaching he was setting forth, Gurdjieff said, "The teaching whose theory is here being set out is completely self supporting and independent of other lines and it has been completely unknown up to the present time." However, as with so much of what Gurdjieff said, the critical reader should take notice that, even amongst his closest students (Bennett, for example), much of the Work appeared derived from Sufic (Nashqbandi in particular) thought, neoplatonism, hermeticism, and Tibetan Buddhism. This is not to take away fr ...

See also:

The Fourth Way, The Fourth Way - The Teachings, The Fourth Way - The Ways, The Fourth Way - The Fourth Way, The Fourth Way - Teaching Methods, The Fourth Way - Symbolism, The Fourth Way - Conditions, The Fourth Way - After Gurdjieff

Read more here: » The Fourth Way: Encyclopedia II - The Fourth Way - The Teachings

Types of personality tests include the Holland Codes, the Rorschach test, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, NEO PI-R, and the Thematic Apperception Test. Critics have pointed to the Forer effect to suggest that some of these appear to be more accurate and discriminating than they really are. Personality psychology is often closely associated with social psychology. ...

See also:

Personality psychology, Personality psychology - What is personality?, Personality psychology - A typology of personality models, Personality psychology - Personality theories, Personality psychology - Trait theories, Personality psychology - Psychoanalytic theories, Personality psychology - Behaviorist theories, Personality psychology - Cognitive and social-cognitive theories, Personality psychology - Humanistic theories, Personality psychology - Other theories, Personality psychology - Personality tests, Personality psychology - Brain Research

Read more here: » Personality psychology: Encyclopedia II - Personality psychology - Personality tests

The concept of levels follows closely on the concept of lines of development. The more highly developed you are in a particular line, the higher level you are at in that line. Wilber's conception of the level is clearly based on several theories of developmental psychology, including: Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, and Jane Loevin ...

See also:

AQAL, AQAL - Quadrants, AQAL - Eight indigenous perspectives, AQAL - Lines streams or intelligences, AQAL - Levels or stages, AQAL - States, AQAL - Types

Read more here: » AQAL: Encyclopedia II - AQAL - Levels or stages

Some would argue that the two best types of motivation are fear and desire. Motivation can be viewed as either extrinsic or intrinsic. Motivation - Physiological needs. The easiest kinds of motivation to analyse, at least superficially, are those based upon obvious physiological needs. These include hunger, thirst, and escape from pain. The analysis of the processes underlying such motivations can make use of research on animals, in ethology, comparative psychology, and physiological psychology, and the ho ...

See also:

Motivation, Motivation - Types of motivation, Motivation - Physiological needs, Motivation - Other biological motivations, Motivation - Secondary goals, Motivation - Coercion, Motivation - Self control, Motivation - Controlling motivation, Motivation - Early programming, Motivation - Organization, Motivation - Drugs, Motivation - In Education, Motivation - Is Money a Motivator?, Motivation - Reference

Read more here: » Motivation: Encyclopedia II - Motivation - Types of motivation

Critics say NLP is simply a half-baked conflation of pop psychology and pseudoscience that uses jargon to disguise the fact that it is based on a set of banal, if not incorrect, presuppositions (Sanghera 2005). NLP has been criticized by clinical psychologists, management scholars, linguists, psychotherapists and cult awareness groups, concerning ineffectiveness, pseudoscientific explanation of linguistics and neurology, ethically questionable, cult-like characteristics, and promotion by exaggerated claims. Neur ...

See also:

Neuro-linguistic programming, Neuro-linguistic programming - Overview, Neuro-linguistic programming - Foundational Assumptions, Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP and Theory, Neuro-linguistic programming - Common techniques and practices, Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP Modeling, Neuro-linguistic programming - Fundamentals, Neuro-linguistic programming - Presuppositions, Neuro-linguistic programming - The B.A.G.E.L. Model, Neuro-linguistic programming - Eye accessing cues body cues and NLP representational systems, Neuro-linguistic programming - Meta-model and Milton Model, Neuro-linguistic programming - Varying Concepts, Neuro-linguistic programming - Background and Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Background, Neuro-linguistic programming - Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Scientific analysis of NLP, Neuro-linguistic programming - Criticism, Neuro-linguistic programming - False claims to science, Neuro-linguistic programming - Pseudoscience, Neuro-linguistic programming - Ethical Concerns, Neuro-linguistic programming - Questionable Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Cult characteristics, Neuro-linguistic programming - Notes and references, Neuro-linguistic programming - Developers

Read more here: » Neuro-linguistic programming: Encyclopedia II - Neuro-linguistic programming - Criticism

Critics say NLP is simply a half-baked conflation of pop psychology and pseudoscience that uses jargon to disguise the fact that it is based on a set of banal, if not incorrect, presuppositions (Sanghera Finanical Times 2005). NLP has been criticized by clinical psychologists, management scholars, linguists, psychotherapists and cult awareness groups, concerning ineffectiveness, pseudoscientific explanation of linguistics and neurology, ethical questionability, cult-like characteristics, and promotion by exagerated claims. Neur ...

See also:

Neuro-linguistic programming, Neuro-linguistic programming - Overview, Neuro-linguistic programming - Foundational Assumptions, Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP and Theory, Neuro-linguistic programming - Common Techniques and Practices, Neuro-linguistic programming - NLP Modeling, Neuro-linguistic programming - Fundamentals, Neuro-linguistic programming - Presuppositions, Neuro-linguistic programming - The B.A.G.E.L. Model, Neuro-linguistic programming - Eye accessing cues body cues and NLP representational systems, Neuro-linguistic programming - Meta-model and Milton Model, Neuro-linguistic programming - Varying Concepts, Neuro-linguistic programming - Background and Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Background, Neuro-linguistic programming - Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Scientific analysis of NLP, Neuro-linguistic programming - Criticism, Neuro-linguistic programming - False claims to science, Neuro-linguistic programming - Pseudoscience, Neuro-linguistic programming - Ethical Concerns, Neuro-linguistic programming - Questionable Applications, Neuro-linguistic programming - Cult characteristics, Neuro-linguistic programming - Developers

Read more here: » Neuro-linguistic programming: Encyclopedia II - Neuro-linguistic programming - Criticism