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Enlightenment Spain | A Wisdom Archive on Enlightenment Spain | | Enlightenment Spain A selection of articles related to Enlightenment Spain | |
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Enlightenment Spain | | | |  Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Enlightenment Spain - The Pyrenees are no more 1700-1715The last years of the rule of the deformed, mentally retarded, and childless Charles II, were dominated by the politics of who would succeed the unfortunate monarch, the last Spanish king of the Habsburg dynasty. Economic troubles, the decay of the Spanish bureaucracy, a series of defeats in wars against France, and the erosion of imperial institutions in the seventeenth century had left Charles the king of a declining empire, and his physical and mental weakness provided him with little ability to reverse the course of his country. Even so, ...
See also:Enlightenment Spain, Enlightenment Spain - The Pyrenees are no more 1700-1715, Enlightenment Spain - War reform and independence 1715-1746, Enlightenment Spain - Balancing act 1746-1759, Enlightenment Spain - Enlightened despotism 1759-1788, Enlightenment Spain - The trouble with the neighbors 1788-1808, Enlightenment Spain - War of independence 1808-1814 Read more here: » Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Enlightenment Spain - The Pyrenees are no more 1700-1715 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Charles III of Spain - King of Spain On August 10, 1759, his half-brother Ferdinand VI died and Charles succeeded him as King. On October 6, 1759 he abdicated the throne of the Two Sicilies in favor of his third son, Ferdinand.
As king of Spain, his foreign policy was disastrous. His strong family feeling and his detestation of England, which was unchecked after the death of his wife, Maria Amalia of Saxony, led him into the Family Compact with France. Spain was entangled in the close of the Seven Years' War, to her great loss. In 1770 he almost ran into another war over ...
See also:Charles III of Spain, Charles III of Spain - King of Naples and Sicily, Charles III of Spain - King of Spain, Charles III of Spain - Marriage and Children, Charles III of Spain - Selective Bibliography Read more here: » Charles III of Spain: Encyclopedia II - Charles III of Spain - King of Spain |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Charles III of Spain - King of Naples and Sicily It was his good fortune to be sent to rule as Duke of Parma by right of his mother at the age of sixteen, and thus come under more intelligent influence than he could have found in Spain. On December 1, 1734 he made himself master of Naples and Sicily by arms. Charles had, however, no military tastes, seldom wore uniforms, and could, only with difficulty, be persuaded to witness a review. The peremptory action of the British admiral commanding in the Mediterranean at the approach of the War of the Austrian Succession, who forced him to promi ...
See also:Charles III of Spain, Charles III of Spain - King of Naples and Sicily, Charles III of Spain - King of Spain, Charles III of Spain - Marriage and Children, Charles III of Spain - Selective Bibliography Read more here: » Charles III of Spain: Encyclopedia II - Charles III of Spain - King of Naples and Sicily |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643 The 16th and 17th centuries are sometimes called "the Golden Age of Spain" (in Spanish, Siglo de Oro). During the sixteenth century, Spain held the equivalent of US$1.5 trillion dollars (1990 terms) in gold and silver received from New Spain. It was often said during this time that it was the empire on which the sun never set. The unwieldy empire of this Golden Age was controlled, not from distant inland Madrid, but from Seville. The Habsburg dynasty squandered the American and Castilian riches in wars across Europe for Habsburg inter ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643 The 16th and 17th centuries are sometimes called "the Golden Age of Spain" (in Spanish, Siglo de Oro). During the sixteenth century, Spain held the equivalent of US$1.5 trillion dollars (1990 terms) in gold and silver received from New Spain. It was often said during this time that it was the empire on which the sun never set. The unwieldy empire of this Golden Age was controlled, not from distant inland Madrid, but from Seville. The Habsburg dynasty squandered the American and Castilian riches in wars across Europe for Habsburg inter ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External Link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries The expulsion of the Muslims was reputedly started by the first King of Asturias, named Pelayo (718-737), who started his fight against the Moors in the mountains of Covadonga (722). Later, his sons and descendants continued with his work until all of the Muslims were expelled.
Meanwhile, in the east of the peninsula the Frankish emperors established the Marca Hispanica across the Pyrenees in pa ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975 Spain remained officially neutral in World Wars I and II, but suffered through a devastating Civil War (1936-39). During Franco's rule, Spain remained largely economically and culturally isolated from the outside world, but slowly began to catch up economically with its European neighbors.
Under Franco, Spain actively sought the return of Gibraltar by the UK, and gained some support for its cause at the Uni ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931 Although the former queen, Isabella II was still alive, she recognized that she was too divisive as a leader, and abdicated in 1870 in favor of her son, Alfonso, who was duly crowned Alfonso XII of Spain. After the tumult of the First Spanish Republic, Spaniards were willing to accept a return to stability under Bourbon rule. The Republican armies in Spain - which were resisting a Carlist insurrection - pronounced their allegiance to Alfonso in the winter of 1874-1875, led by Brigadier General Martinez Campos. The Republic was dissolved and ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939 Under the Second Spanish Republic, women were allowed to vote in general elections for the first time. The Republic devolved substantial autonomy to the Basque Country and to Catalonia.
The first governments of the Republic, were center-left, headed by Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, and Manuel Azaña. Economic turmoil, substantial debt inherited from the Primo de Rivera regime, and fractious, rapidly changing governing coalitions led to serious political unrest. In 1933, the right-wing CEDA won power; an armed rising of workers of October 193 ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 In the 1930s, Spanish politics were polarized at the left and right of the political spectrum. The left wing favoured class struggle, land reform, autonomy to the regions and reduction in church and monarchist power. The right-wing groups, the largest of which was CEDA, a right wing Catholic coalition, held opposing views on most issues. In 1936, with the blessing of the Comintern, the left united in the Popular Front and was elected to power and the chaos of previous years began to start again. There were gunfights over strikes, landless la ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713 Traditionally, historians mark the Battle of Rocroi (1643) as the end of Spanish dominance in Europe, but the war was not finished. Supported by the French, the Catalans, Neapolitans, and Portuguese rose up in revolt against the Spanish in the 1640s. With the Netherlands effectively lost after the Battle of Lens in 1648, the Spanish made peace with the Dutch and recognized the independent United Provinces in ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975 In 1481 the papal Bull Aeterni regis had granted all land south of the Canary Islands to Portugal. Only this archipelago and the cities of Sidi Ifni (1476-1524), known then as "Santa Cruz de Mar Pequeña", Melilla (conquered by Pedro de Estopiñán in 1497), Villa Cisneros (founded in 1502 in current Western Sahara), Mazalquivir (1505), Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (1508), Oran (1509-1790), Algiers (1510-1529), Bugia (1510-1554), Tripoli (1511-1551), Tunis (1535-1569) and ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898 The first major territory Spain was to lose in the nineteenth century was the vast and wild Louisiana Territory, which stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763. The French, under Napoleon, took back possession as part of the Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 and sold it to the United States (Louisiana Purchase, 1803).
The destruction of the main Spanish fleet, under French command, at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805) undermined Spain's ability to defend and hold on to its empire. The later intrusion of Napoleonic forces into Sp ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806 Under the Treaties of Utrecht (April 11, 1713), the European powers decided what the fate of Spain would be, in terms of the continental balance of power. The new Bourbon king Philip V retained the Spanish overseas empire, but ceded the Spanish Netherlands, Naples, Milan, and Sardinia to Austria; Sicily and parts of the Milanese to Savoy; and Gibraltar and Minorca to Great Britain. Thus the Empire largely turned its back on European territories (the disastrous showing in the War of the Quadruple Alliance, 1718-1720, confirmed this reo ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521 Three examples set for the Spanish empire are to be recognized in the Aragonese, Burgundian and Portuguese Empire.
Meanwhile, during the latest part of Reconquista, the Castilian kings, tolerated the Moorish taifa client-kingdom of Granada by exacting tributes of gold, the parias, and, in so doing, ensured that gold from the Niger region of Africa entered Europe. Castile also intervened in Northern Africa itself , competing with the Portuguese Empire, when Henry III of Castile began the colonization of ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Spain 1978-1982 The Unión del Centro Democrático governments. 1981 The 23-F coup d'état attempt. On February 23 Antonio Tejero, with members of the Guardia Civil entered the Congress of Deputies, and stopped the session, where Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo was going to be named president of the government. Officially, the coup d'état failed thanks to King Juan Carlos.
Spain 1982-1996 Felipe González's So ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spain since 1978 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874 Following the Hidalgo affair, Amadeus famously declared the people of Spain to be ungovernable, and fled the country. In his absence, a government of radicals and Republicans was formed that declared Spain a republic.
The republic was immediately under siege from all quarters - the Carlists were the most immediate threat, launching a violent insurrection after their poor showing in the 1872 elections. There were calls for socialist revolution from the International Workingmen's Ass ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898 The first major territory Spain was to lose in the nineteenth century was the vast and wild Louisiana Territory, which stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763. The French, under Napoleon, took back possession as part of the Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 and sold it to the United States (Louisiana Purchase, 1803).
The destruction of the main Spanish fleet, under French command, at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805) undermined Spain's ability to defend and hold on to its empire. The later intrusion of Napoleonic forces into Sp ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External Link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873 Although the juntas that had forced the French to leave Spain had sworn by the liberal Constitution of 1812, Ferdinand VII openly believed that it was too liberal for the country. On his return to Spain, he refused to swear by it himself, and he continued to rule in the authoritarian fashion of his forebears.
Although Spain accepted the rejection of the Constitution, the policy was not warmly accepted in Spain's empire in the New World. Revolution broke out. Spain - nearly bankrupt from the war with France and the reconstructio ...
See also:History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978 Read more here: » History of Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873 |
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| | | | Enlightenment Spain: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806 Under the Treaties of Utrecht (April 11, 1713), the European powers decided what the fate of Spain would be, in terms of the continental balance of power. The new Bourbon king Philip V retained the Spanish overseas empire, but ceded the Spanish Netherlands, Naples, Milan, and Sardinia to Austria; Sicily and parts of the Milanese to Savoy; and Gibraltar and Minorca to Great Britain. Thus the Empire largely turned its back on European territories (the disastrous showing in the War of the Quadruple Alliance, 1718-1720, confirmed this reo ...
See also:Spanish Empire, Spanish Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1402-1521, Spanish Empire - The Golden Age of Spain: The Sun Never Sets 1521-1643, Spanish Empire - Battle of Pavia to the Peace of Augsburg 1525-1555, Spanish Empire - St. Quentin to Lepanto 1556–1571, Spanish Empire - The troubled kingdom 1571-1598, Spanish Empire - God is Spanish 1596-1626, Spanish Empire - The road to Rocroi 1626-1643, Spanish Empire - The Empire of the last Spanish Habsburgs 1643 – 1713, Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806, Spanish Empire - Twilight in the Global Empire 1808 – 1898, Spanish Empire - The last territories in Africa 1898-1975, Spanish Empire - External Link Read more here: » Spanish Empire: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Empire - The Bourbon Spanish Empire: Reform and Recovery 1713 – 1806 |
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