enlarger

Burning-in is a term used in the photography industry. Burning-in is a technique used during the printing process to darken a specific portion of the print. For example, blue skies often appear a dull white in black and white pictures. The printer can burn-in the sky section of the photograph to darken the sky. This often helps to bring out the contrast between the sky and any clouds that may be present. To burn-in a print, the print is first given normal exposure. Next, extra exposure is given to the area(s) that needs to be d ...

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A contact print is a photographic image produced from a film negative. An exposure box device called a contact printer is used within a light controlled space called a darkroom. The negative is placed in intimate contact with a sheet of sensitized photographic paper. This is then placed, negative down, onto a top transparent glass plate of the exposure box. Within the box and below the top plate is a translucent light diffuser made from frosted glass. Below the diffuser is a switch controlled electric light source. A hinged top cover serves to keep the materials in close contact and t ...

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A darkroom is a given space, usually a separate area in a building or a vehicle, that is made dark so as to allow photographers to use light-sensitive materials to develop photographs and film. Darkrooms were widely used in the late 19th and early to late 20th centuries (until about 1980) before color photography became universally popular. Using black and white film, amateur photographers could control every step of the photographic process and achieve much more finely tuned results at home for a rea ...

Including:

• Darkroom - The darkroom

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I. Papers used for negative-positive photographic processes. (e.g. the Gelatin-silver process). This is the most common form of analogue photography. Even though slide film produces a positive image of a positive scene, the common process for the development of photographic transparencies (E-6) is actually a positive-negative process applied twice. II. Papers used for positive-positive photographic processes in which the ...

See also:

Photographic paper, Photographic paper - History, Photographic paper - Types of Photographic Papers, Photographic paper - I. Papers used for Negative-Positive Processes, Photographic paper - Emulsion Characteristics, Photographic paper - Archival Stability

Read more here: » Photographic paper: Encyclopedia II - Photographic paper - Types of Photographic Papers

Film format - Multiple image. (1) Discontinued by major manufacturers but still produced by Ferrania. (2) Discontinued by major manufacturers but still produced by Efke and Maco. Unless otherwise noted, all formats were introduced by Kodak, who began allocating the number series in 1913. Before that, films were just identified by the name of the cameras they were intended for. For roll holder means film for cartridge roll holders, allowing r ...

See also:

Film format, Film format - Movie film formats, Film format - Still photography film formats, Film format - Multiple image, Film format - Single image, Film format - Instant image

Read more here: » Film format: Encyclopedia II - Film format - Still photography film formats

The heart of every darkroom is the enlarger -- an optical apparatus that projects the image on a negative to a base. On the base, a sheet of photographic paper, typically either Resin-coated or fibre-based paper, is exposed. It is during this initial exposure that the photo can be modified, mostly by burning (giving more light to specific parts of an image by exposing it while blocking light to the rest) and/or dodging (reducing light to a specific part of an image by blocking light to it). The paper is then developed, rinsed o ...

See also:

Darkroom, Darkroom - The darkroom

Read more here: » Darkroom: Encyclopedia II - Darkroom - The darkroom

Schneider's line of view camera lenses is known for its large image circle, high resolution, high modulation, color fidelity and overall image quality, while also enjoying a reputation for durability with a lifetime warranty. They are also priced accordingly, with their higher-end lenses being the most expensive optics available in large format photography. They also offer a line of lenses for digital photographers using view cameras. Schneider view camera lenses currently in production: < ...

See also:

Schneider Kreuznach, Schneider Kreuznach - View Camera Lenses, Schneider Kreuznach - Apo-Symmar L-Series, Schneider Kreuznach - Apo-Symmar, Schneider Kreuznach - Xenar, Schneider Kreuznach - Apo-Tele-Xenar, Schneider Kreuznach - Macro-Symmar, Schneider Kreuznach - Super-Symmar XL, Schneider Kreuznach - Super-Angulon, Schneider Kreuznach - Super-Angulon XL, Schneider Kreuznach - G-Claron, Schneider Kreuznach - Tele-Arton, Schneider Kreuznach - Digitar, Schneider Kreuznach - WA-Digitar, Schneider Kreuznach - M-Digitar, Schneider Kreuznach - Enlarger Lenses, Schneider Kreuznach - Componon Lenses, Schneider Kreuznach - Componon-S Lenses, Schneider Kreuznach - APO-Componon HM

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Photographic Papers have been used since the beginning of all negative-positive photographic processes as invented by Nicéphore Niépce (France/1824-Heliography) and popularised by William Fox Talbot (Great Britain/1841-Calotype). Traditional Photographic Papers are still sold commercially today (2005). ...

See also:

Photographic paper, Photographic paper - History, Photographic paper - Types of Photographic Papers, Photographic paper - I. Papers used for Negative-Positive Processes, Photographic paper - Emulsion Characteristics, Photographic paper - Archival Stability

Read more here: » Photographic paper: Encyclopedia II - Photographic paper - History

Amateur formats: 8 mm Single-8 Super 8 mm Polavision 9.5 mm film 17.5 mm 22 mm Edison 28 mm Pathescope Professional formats: 16 mm 35 mm Anamorphic (Panavision and CinemaScope) 3-perf Super 35 VistaVision Cinerama - rarely presented in 35 mm, because of the 3-projector requirement 70 mm standard (Super Panavision and Todd-AO) Super Cinerama ...

See also:

Film format, Film format - Movie film formats, Film format - Still photography film formats, Film format - Multiple image, Film format - Single image, Film format - Instant image

Read more here: » Film format: Encyclopedia II - Film format - Movie film formats

Photographic Papers are further distinguished by the characteristics inherent in their different Photographic Emulsions. Black-and-white Photographic Paper is available in different grades which are numbered 0 to 5, with 0 being the softest, or least contrastful paper grade and 5 being the hardest, or most contrastful paper grade. Photographic Emulsions are also produced in a variable contrast type which permits the selection of any grade between 00 and 5. Variable contrast Photographic Paper is actually co ...

See also:

Photographic paper, Photographic paper - History, Photographic paper - Types of Photographic Papers, Photographic paper - I. Papers used for Negative-Positive Processes, Photographic paper - Emulsion Characteristics, Photographic paper - Archival Stability

Read more here: » Photographic paper: Encyclopedia II - Photographic paper - Emulsion Characteristics