The English Renaissance is distinct from the Italian Renaissance in several ways. First, the dominant art form of the English Renaissance was literature, while the Italian Renaissance was driven much more by the visual arts, such as painting and sculpture. Second, the English movement is separated from the Italian by time: many trace the Italian Renaissance to Dante or Petrarch in the early 1300s, and certainly most of the famous Italian Renaissance figures ceased their creative output by the 1520s. In contrast, the English Renaissance seems ...

See also:

English Renaissance, English Renaissance - Comparison of the English and Italian Renaissances, English Renaissance - Criticisms of the idea of the English Renaissance, English Renaissance - Major English Renaissance figures

Read more here: » English Renaissance: Encyclopedia II - English Renaissance - Comparison of the English and Italian Renaissances

See also:

English Renaissance, English Renaissance - Comparison of the English and Italian Renaissances, English Renaissance - Criticisms of the idea of the English Renaissance, English Renaissance - Major English Renaissance figures

Read more here: » English Renaissance: Encyclopedia II - English Renaissance - Criticisms of the idea of the English Renaissance

The Renaissance was slow in coming to England, with the generally accepted start date being around 1509. It is also generally accepted that the English Renaissance extended until the Restoration in 1660. However, a number of factors had prepared the way for the introduction of the new learning long before this start date. A number of medieval poets had, as already noted, shown an interest in the ideas of Aristotle and t ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - The Renaissance in England

The term "English Renaissance" is used by many historians to refer to a cultural movement in England in the 1500s and 1600s that was heavily influenced by the Italian Renaissance. This movement is characterized by the flowering of English music (particularly the development of the madrigal), notable achievements in drama (by William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Ben Jonson), and the development of English epic poetry (most famously Edmund Spenser's Th ...

See also:

Early Modern Britain, Early Modern Britain - English Renaissance, Early Modern Britain - The rise of the Tudors, Early Modern Britain - Exploration and the beginnings of empire

Read more here: » Early Modern Britain: Encyclopedia II - Early Modern Britain - English Renaissance

A tragedy may be defined loosely as any work of fiction in which the protagonist suffers a fall in his or her fortunes, and ends in a worse state than that in which they began. Works as diverse as Oedipus Rex, Hamlet, Hedda Gabler and Scarface may thus be classified as tragedies. Throughout much of Western thought, however, tragedy has been defined in more precise terms, following the precepts set out by Aristotle: it is a form of drama characterized by seriousness and dignity, usually involving a co ...

Including:

• Tragedy - Origin of Western tragedy
• Tragedy - Theories of tragedy
• Tragedy - Greek tragedy
• Tragedy - Renaissance and 17th century tragedy
• Tragedy - English Renaissance Tragedy
• Tragedy - French Tragedy in the 16th and 17th centuries
• Tragedy - Modern tragedy
• Tragedy - Tragedy in film

Read more here: » Tragedy: Encyclopedia - Tragedy

The idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably since its invention towards the end of the Roman Republic. Villa - Roman villas. Main article Roman villa. A villa was originally a Roman country house built for the upper class. According to Pliny the Elder, there were two kinds of villas, the villa urbana, which was a country seat that could easily be reached from Rome (or another city) for a night or two, and the villa rustica, the farm-house estate, ...

Including:

• Villa - Roman villas
• Villa - Post-Roman villas
• Villa - Renaissance villas
• Villa - Palladio's villas
• Villa - English villas
• Villa - 19th century and modern villas

Read more here: » Villa: Encyclopedia - Villa

The term Welsh literature may be used to refer to any literature originating from Wales or by Welsh writers. However, it more often refers to literature written in the Welsh language. Literature by Welsh writers in the English language is usually called Anglo-Welsh literature or Welsh literature in English. This article will give an overview of the history of Welsh-language literature. For information about Welsh literature in English, see Anglo-Welsh literature. For more information about ...

Including:

• Welsh literature - The Middle Ages
• Welsh literature - The Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
• Welsh literature - The end of the Guild of poets system
• Welsh literature - Renaissance learning
• Welsh literature - Other works
• Welsh literature - The beginnings of Welsh writing in English
• Welsh literature - The Eighteenth Century
• Welsh literature - The Nineteenth Century
• Welsh literature - Twentieth Century onwards
• Welsh literature - Sources
• Welsh literature - General

Read more here: » Welsh literature: Encyclopedia - Welsh literature

The crumhorn is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. It was popular in the Renaissance period. In the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in Early Music and people started to play crumhorns again. The name derives from the German krumhorn (or krummhorn or krumphorn) meaning bent horn. This relates to the old English crump meaning curve, surviving in modern Engli ...

Including:

• Crumhorn - External links

Read more here: » Crumhorn: Encyclopedia - Crumhorn

William Byrd (1540? – July 4, 1623) was one of the most celebrated English composers in the Renaissance. His entire life was marked by contradictions, and as a true Renaissance man he cannot be easily categorised. He lived until well into the seventeenth century without writing music in the new Baroque fashion, but his superbly constructed keyboard works marked the beginning of the Baroque organ and harpsichord style. Byrd's life is interesting because of his Roman Catholic sympathies combined with his work in the court of the Angli ...

Including:

• William Byrd - Biography

Read more here: » William Byrd: Encyclopedia - William Byrd

Ô Centrafrique, ô berceau des Bantous! Reprends ton droit au respect, à la vie! Longtemps soumis, longtemps brimé par tous, Mais de ce jour brisant la tyrannie. Dans le travail, l'ordre et la dignité, Tu reconquiers ton droit, ton unité, Et pour franchir cette étape nouvelle, De nos ancêtres la voix nous appelle. Oh! Central Africa, cradle of the Bantu! Take up again your right to respect, to life! Long subjugated, long scorned by all, But, from today, breaking tyrann ...

See also:

La Renaissance, La Renaissance - French Lyrics and English translation, La Renaissance - Sango lyrics, La Renaissance - External link

Read more here: » La Renaissance: Encyclopedia II - La Renaissance - French Lyrics and English translation

Print Hamilton, Ian. The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry in English Online A Time-line of English poetry ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - Reference

With the Norman conquest of England, beginning in 1066, the Anglo-Saxon language immediately lost its status; the new aristocracy spoke French, and this became the standard language of courts, parliament, and polite society. As the invaders integrated, their language and that of the natives mingled: the French dialect of the upper classes became Anglo-Norman, and Anglo-Saxon underwent a gradual transition into Middle English. While Anglo-Norman was thus preferred for high culture, English literature by no means died out, and a number ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages

The last quarter of the 18th century was a time of social and political turbulence, with revolutions in the United States, France, Ireland and elsewhere. In Great Britain, movement for social change and a more inclusive sharing of power was also growing. This was the backdrop against which the Romantic movement in English poetry emerged. The main poets of this movement were William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Lord Byron, and John Keats. The birth of English Romanticism is often dated to the publication in 1798 of Wordsworth and Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads. H ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - The Romantic movement

The last three decades of the 20th century saw a number of short-lived poetic groupings such as the Martians. There was a growth in interest in women's writing and in poetry from England's ethnic groupings, especially the West Indian community. Poets who emerged include Carol Ann Duffy, Andrew Motion, Craig Raine, Wendy Cope, James Fenton, Blake Morrison, Grace Lake, Liz Lochhead, Linton Kwesi Johnson and Benjamin Zephaniah. There was also a growth in performance poetry fuelled by the Poetry Slam movement. A new generation of innovative poets ha ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - English poetry now

The Norman Conquest of 1066 gave England a two tiered society with an aristocracy that spoke Anglo-Norman and a peasantry that spoke English. From 1066 until Henry IV of England ascended to the throne in 1399, the royal court of England spoke a Norman that became progressively Gallicised through contact with French. However, the Norman rulers made no attempt to suppress the English language, apart from not using at all in their court. In 1204, the Anglo-Normans lost their continental territories in Normandy and became wholly English. By the time we see Middle English in the 14th century, the Normans had contributed ro ...

See also:

Latin influence in English, Latin influence in English - Dark Ages, Latin influence in English - Middle Ages, Latin influence in English - Renaissance, Latin influence in English - Industrial Age, Latin influence in English - Consequences for English

Read more here: » Latin influence in English: Encyclopedia II - Latin influence in English - Middle Ages

The Germanic tribes who would later give rise to the English language (the Angles, Saxon, Frisians, and Jutes) traded and fought with the Latin speaking Roman Empire. Many Latin words for common objects therefore entered the vocabulary of these Germanic people even before the tribes reached Britain: anchor, butter, camp, cheese, chest, cook, devil, dish, dragon, fork, giant, gem, inch, kettle, kitchen, linen, mile, mill, mint (coin), noon, oil, pillow, pin, pound, pu ...

See also:

Latin influence in English, Latin influence in English - Dark Ages, Latin influence in English - Middle Ages, Latin influence in English - Renaissance, Latin influence in English - Industrial Age, Latin influence in English - Consequences for English

Read more here: » Latin influence in English: Encyclopedia II - Latin influence in English - Dark Ages

As we saw with Latinate/Germanic doublets from the Norman period, the use of Latinate words in the sciences gives us pairs with a native Germanic noun and a Latinate adjective: animals: ant/formicid, bee/apian, bird/avian, crow/corvine, songbird/oniscine, cod/gadoid, carp/cyprine, fish/piscine, gull/laridine, wasp/vespine, butterfly/papilionaceous, worm/vermian, spider/arachnidan, snake/anguine, turtle/testudinian, cat/feline, rabbit/cunicular, hare/leporine, dog/canine, deer/cervine, reindeer/rangiferine, fox/vulpine, wo ...

See also:

Latin influence in English, Latin influence in English - Dark Ages, Latin influence in English - Middle Ages, Latin influence in English - Renaissance, Latin influence in English - Industrial Age, Latin influence in English - Consequences for English

Read more here: » Latin influence in English: Encyclopedia II - Latin influence in English - Consequences for English

English poetry - The first three decades. The Victorian era continued into the early years of the 20th century and two figures emerged as the leading representative of the poetry of the old era to act as a bridge into the new. These were Yeats and Thomas Hardy. Yeats, although not a modernist, was to learn a lot from the new poetic movements that sprang up around him and adapted his writing to the new circumstances. Hardy was, in terms of technique at least, a more traditional figure and was to be a reference point for various anti-modernist re ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - The 20th century

Some date the beginning of Early Modern Britain to the end of the Wars of the Roses and the crowning of Henry Tudor in 1485 after his victory at the battle of Bosworth Field. Henry VII's largely peaceful reign ended decades of civil war and brought the peace and stability to England that art and commerce need to thrive. A major war on English soil would not occur again until the English Civil War of the seventeenth century. During this period Henry VII and his son Henry VIII greatly increased the power of the English monarch. A simila ...

See also:

Early Modern Britain, Early Modern Britain - English Renaissance, Early Modern Britain - The rise of the Tudors, Early Modern Britain - Exploration and the beginnings of empire

Read more here: » Early Modern Britain: Encyclopedia II - Early Modern Britain - The rise of the Tudors

The earliest known English poem is a hymn on the creation; Bede attributes this to Cædmon (fl. 658–680), who was, according to legend, an illiterate herdsman who produced extemporaneous poetry at a monastery at Whitby. This is generally taken as marking the beginning of Anglo-Saxon poetry. Much of the poetry of the period is difficult to date, or even to arrange chronologically; for example, estimates for the date of the great epic Beowulf range from AD 608 right through to AD 1000, and there has never been anything even app ...

See also:

English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference

Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - The earliest English poetry