An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the feminine form and can either be the wife of an emperor or a woman being an imperial monarch herself. Emperors are generally recognised to be above kings in honour and rank. Emperor Akihito of Japan is the world's only reigning emperor. the last imperial monarch in europe was the King-Emperor George VI who ruled as Emperor of India Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of ...

Including:

• Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch
• Emperor - Imperium maius
• Emperor - Historical development
• Emperor - Europe
• Emperor - The Americas
• Emperor - Africa
• Emperor - Asia
• Emperor - Persian tradition
• Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions
• Emperor - Other traditions
• Emperor - Lists of emperors
• Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires
• Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires'
• Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors
• Emperor - Fictional emperors
• Emperor - Notes
• Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia - Emperor

The Commonwealth was the republican government which ruled first England and then the whole of Ireland, the colonies and other Crown possessions during the periods from 1649 to 1653 and from 1659 to 1660. After the beheading of the monarch Charles I on January 30 1649, its existence was initially declared ("An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth") by the Rump Parliament on 19 May that year. The government during 1653 to 1659 is properly called The Protectorate, and took the form of direct personal rule by Oliver C ...

Including:

• Commonwealth of England - Radicals vs. Conservatives
• Commonwealth of England - Levellers
• Commonwealth of England - Diggers
• Commonwealth of England - Religious sects
• Commonwealth of England - Conservatives
• Commonwealth of England - Political experiments of the Commonwealth
• Commonwealth of England - The Rump Parliament 1649–53
• Commonwealth of England - The 'Barebones' Parliament July–December 1653

Read more here: » Commonwealth of England: Encyclopedia - Commonwealth of England

Emperor - Europe & Byzantium. In the Roman tradition a large variety in the meaning and importance of the Imperial form of monarchy developed: in intention it was always the highest office, but it could as well fall down to a redundant title for nobility that had never been near to the "Empire" they were supposed to be reigning. Also the name of the position split in several b ...

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Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition, Emperor - Europe & Byzantium, Emperor - Post-colonial emperors modeled on Europe, Emperor - History on other imperial traditions, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Pre-colonial Africa:, Emperor - Far East, Emperor - Persian and Islamic traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition

The Kingdom of England has no specific founding date. The Kingdom can trace its origins to the Heptarchy, the rule of what would later become England by seven minor Kingdoms: East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Mercia, Northumbria, Sussex, and Wessex. The Kings of Wessex became increasingly dominant over the other kingdoms of England during the 8th century, a process that would continue during the 9th century. Alfred the Great (reigned 871–899) was the first King of Wessex to style himself "King of England". His son Edward the Elder (reigned ...

See also:

Kingdom of England, Kingdom of England - History, Kingdom of England - Commonwealth and Protectorate

Read more here: » Kingdom of England: Encyclopedia II - Kingdom of England - History

Commonwealth of England - The Rump Parliament 1649–53. The Rump was the purged remnant of the original Long Parliament. As such it was a link with the old constitution. With the abolition of the monarchy, Privy Council and the House of Lords, it had unchecked executive, as well as legislative, power. The Council of State, which replaced the Privy Council, took over many of the executive functions of the monarchy. It was selected by the Rump, and most of its members were MPs. Ultimately however, the Rump depe ...

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Commonwealth of England, Commonwealth of England - Radicals vs. Conservatives, Commonwealth of England - Levellers, Commonwealth of England - Diggers, Commonwealth of England - Religious sects, Commonwealth of England - Conservatives, Commonwealth of England - Political experiments of the Commonwealth, Commonwealth of England - The Rump Parliament 1649–53, Commonwealth of England - The 'Barebones' Parliament July–December 1653

Read more here: » Commonwealth of England: Encyclopedia II - Commonwealth of England - Political experiments of the Commonwealth

Particular historical periods known as interregna include: The 1254-1273 period in the Holy Roman Empire between the end of Hohenstaufen rule and the beginning of Habsburg rule. First Interregnum 1290-1292 in Scotland Second Interregnum 1296-1306 in Scotland The 1332-1340 period in Denmark when the country was mortgaged to a few German counts. The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal The 1402-1413 Ottoman Interregnum The 1481–1483 in Norway The English Interregnum from 164 ...

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Interregnum, Interregnum - Historical periods of interregnum, Interregnum - Pope's interregnum or sede vacante

Read more here: » Interregnum: Encyclopedia II - Interregnum - Historical periods of interregnum

Emperor - Europe. In the Roman tradition a large variety in the meaning and importance of the Imperial form of monarchy developed: in intention it was always the highest office, but it could as well fall down to a redundant title for nobility that had never been near to the "Empire" they were supposed to be reigning. Also the name of the office split in several branches of Western tradition, see secti ...

See also:

Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development, Emperor - Europe, Emperor - The Americas, Emperor - Africa, Emperor - Asia, Emperor - Persian tradition, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Other traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Historical development

Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions. The only pre-Columbian North American rulers to be commonly called emperors were the Hueyi Tlatoani of the Aztec Empire (1375–1521). Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés slew Emperor Cuauhtémoc and installed puppet emperors who became vassals for Spain. Mexican Emperor Maximilian built his palace over the ruins of the Aztec one at Chapultepec. The only pre-Columbian South American rulers to be commonly called emperors were the Sapa Inca of the ...

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Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition, Emperor - Europe & Byzantium, Emperor - Post-colonial emperors modeled on Europe, Emperor - History on other imperial traditions, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Pre-colonial Africa:, Emperor - Far East, Emperor - Persian and Islamic traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - History on other imperial traditions

Both kings and emperors are monarchs. There is no single rule to distinguish the one from the other: several factors, like interpretations of historians, the size and characteristics of the governed realm, and the title(s) chosen by the monarch play a part in distinguishing the one from the other. General characteristics indicating that a monarch is to be considered an emperor rather than a king include: The monarch chose a title that usually translates as "emperor" in English, and/or is accepted as the equivalent of "emperor" i ...

See also:

Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition, Emperor - Europe & Byzantium, Emperor - Post-colonial emperors modeled on Europe, Emperor - History on other imperial traditions, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Pre-colonial Africa:, Emperor - Far East, Emperor - Persian and Islamic traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch

Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires. Persian Empire (559 BC–330 BC) - see List of kings of Persia Empire of Alexander the Great (334 BC–281 BC) Mauryan Empire (321 BC–185 BC) - see Mauryan dynasty Chinese Empire (221 BC–1911) - see Table of Chinese monarchs Roman Empire (27 BC–476) - see List of Roman Emperors Holy Roman Empire (800 and 962–1806) - see List of Holy Roman Emperors Byzantine Empire (395–1453) ...

See also:

Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development of the Roman & Christian tradition, Emperor - Europe & Byzantium, Emperor - Post-colonial emperors modeled on Europe, Emperor - History on other imperial traditions, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Pre-colonial Africa:, Emperor - Far East, Emperor - Persian and Islamic traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Lists of emperors

Both kings and emperors are monarchs. There is no single rule to distinguish the one from the other: several factors, like interpretations of historians, the size and characteristics of the governed realm, and the title(s) chosen by the monarch play a part in distinguishing the one from the other. General characteristics indicating that a monarch is to be considered an emperor rather than a king include: The monarch chose a title that usually translates as "emperor" in English, and/or is accepted as the equivalent of "emperor" i ...

See also:

Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development, Emperor - Europe, Emperor - The Americas, Emperor - Africa, Emperor - Asia, Emperor - Persian tradition, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Other traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch

Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires. Persian Empire (559 BC–330 BC) - see List of kings of Persia Empire of Alexander the Great (334 BC–281 BC) Mauryan Empire (321 BC–185 BC) - see Mauryan dynasty Chinese Empire (221 BC–1911) - see Table of Chinese monarchs Roman Empire (27 BC–476) - see List of Roman Emperors Holy Roman Empire (800 and 962–1806) - see List of Holy Roman Emperors Byzantine Empire (395–1453) ...

See also:

Emperor, Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch, Emperor - Imperium maius, Emperor - Historical development, Emperor - Europe, Emperor - The Americas, Emperor - Africa, Emperor - Asia, Emperor - Persian tradition, Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions, Emperor - Other traditions, Emperor - Lists of emperors, Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires, Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires', Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors, Emperor - Fictional emperors, Emperor - Notes, Emperor - Trivia

Read more here: » Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Emperor - Lists of emperors

England was a monarchy for the entirety of its political existence since its creation about 927 up to the 1707 Act of Union, except for the eleven years of English Interregnum (1649 to 1660) that followed the English Civil War. The rule of executed King Charles I of England was replaced by that of a republic known as Commonwealth of England (1649–1653). The most prominent general of the republic, ...

See also:

Kingdom of England, Kingdom of England - History, Kingdom of England - Commonwealth and Protectorate

Read more here: » Kingdom of England: Encyclopedia II - Kingdom of England - Commonwealth and Protectorate

Parliament had, to a large degree, encouraged the radical political groups which emerged when the usual social controls broke down during the English Civil War. It had also unwittingly established a new political force when it set up the New Model Army. Not surprisingly, all these groups had their own hopes for the new Commonwealth. Commonwealth of England - Levellers. Led by John Lilburne, Levellers drew their main support from London and the Army. In the Agreement of the People, 1649, they asked for: a m ...

See also:

Commonwealth of England, Commonwealth of England - Radicals vs. Conservatives, Commonwealth of England - Levellers, Commonwealth of England - Diggers, Commonwealth of England - Religious sects, Commonwealth of England - Conservatives, Commonwealth of England - Political experiments of the Commonwealth, Commonwealth of England - The Rump Parliament 1649–53, Commonwealth of England - The 'Barebones' Parliament July–December 1653

Read more here: » Commonwealth of England: Encyclopedia II - Commonwealth of England - Radicals vs. Conservatives