English explorers

Constantine John Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave (May 19, 1744 - October 10, 1792) was an English explorer. Phipps was at Eton College with Joseph Banks, but left early to go to sea with his uncle Captain the Hon. A. J. Hervey. In 1766 he sailed to Newfoundland as Lieutenant on HMS Niger. Banks accompanied him as ship's naturalist. On June 4, 1773 Phipps set off from Deptford on a voyage towards the North Pole. He had two boats, the Racehorse and the Carcass. Phipps took with him Dr Irving as naturalist a ...

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In 1846, with his two brothers, F. T. Gregory and H. C. Gregory, he made his first exploration. With four horses and seven weeks' provisions they left T. N. Yule's station 60 miles northeast of Perth, Australia on 7 August 1846 and explored a considerable amount of the country to the north of Perth, returning after an absence of 47 days during which they had covered 953 miles (1534 km). Two years later, Gregory lead an expedition to examine the course of the Gascoyne River and, in particular, to look for new pasture-land. The party le ...

See also:

Augustus Gregory, Augustus Gregory - Early years, Augustus Gregory - Explorations, Augustus Gregory - Later life, Augustus Gregory - Reference

Read more here: » Augustus Gregory: Encyclopedia II - Augustus Gregory - Explorations

Philby is one of the lesser known but most influential persons in the modern history of the Middle East. In late 1915 Percy Cox, chief political officer of the small British Mesopotamian expeditionary force, recruited Philby as head of the finance branch of the British administration in Baghdad, a job which included fixing compensation for property and business owners. Their mission was twofold: (1) organize the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Turks; (2) protect the oilfields near Basra and the Shatt al Arab, which was the only source of oil ...

See also:

St. John Philby, St. John Philby - Arab Revolt, St. John Philby - Ibn Saud adviser, St. John Philby - Philby Plan, St. John Philby - Suez Crisis, St. John Philby - Sources

Read more here: » St. John Philby: Encyclopedia II - St. John Philby - Arab Revolt

After Ibn Saud's death in 1953 Philby openly criticized the successor King Faisal, saying the royal family's morals were being picked up "in the gutters of the West". He was exiled to Lebanon in 1955. In exile he wrote: ". . . the true basis of Arab hostility to Jewish immigration into Palestine is xenophobia, and instinctive perception that the vast majority of central and eastern European Jews, seeking admission . . . are not Semites at all. . . . Whatever political repercussions of their settlement may be, their advent is regarded ...

See also:

St. John Philby, St. John Philby - Arab Revolt, St. John Philby - Ibn Saud adviser, St. John Philby - Philby Plan, St. John Philby - Suez Crisis, St. John Philby - Sources

Read more here: » St. John Philby: Encyclopedia II - St. John Philby - Suez Crisis

At a February 1939 meeting in London with Ben-Gurion and Weizman, Philby offered substantial Jewish immigration to Palestine if they would support Ibn Saud's son and eventual successor, Faisal, as King of Palestine. Months later, accompanied by Saudi foreign affairs official Fuad Bey Hamza, Philby proposed to Weizmann and Moshe Shertok (later Sharett) that they pay Ibn Saud £20 million to be used to resettle Palestinian Arabs. Weizman said he would discuss the plan with President Roosevel ...

See also:

St. John Philby, St. John Philby - Arab Revolt, St. John Philby - Ibn Saud adviser, St. John Philby - Philby Plan, St. John Philby - Suez Crisis, St. John Philby - Sources

Read more here: » St. John Philby: Encyclopedia II - St. John Philby - Philby Plan

Philby was of the view that both British and the Saudi family's interests would be best served by uniting the Arabian peninsula under one government from the Red Sea to the Persian Gulf, with the Saudis supplanting the Hashemites as Islamic "Keepers of the Holy Places" while protecting shipping lanes on the Suez–Aden–Bombay route of the British Empire. Philby was forced to resign his post in 1924 on differences of allowing Jewish immigration to Palestine. He was found to be in unauthorized correspondence with Ibn Saud, which carried with ...

See also:

St. John Philby, St. John Philby - Arab Revolt, St. John Philby - Ibn Saud adviser, St. John Philby - Philby Plan, St. John Philby - Suez Crisis, St. John Philby - Sources

Read more here: » St. John Philby: Encyclopedia II - St. John Philby - Ibn Saud adviser

Augustus Gregory was born at Farnsfield, Nottingham, England, the son of Joshua Gregory and Frances Churchman. Among his brothers were Francis Thomas Gregory, who also became a noted explorer. Gregory was educated privately by tutors and later by his mother. In 1829, the family emigrated to Western Australia onboard the Lotus, arriving at the Swan River Colony only four months after its establishment. The Gregory family were initially granted land on the left bank of the Swan River, but the soil was poor, and they later obtaine ...

See also:

Augustus Gregory, Augustus Gregory - Early years, Augustus Gregory - Explorations, Augustus Gregory - Later life, Augustus Gregory - Reference

Read more here: » Augustus Gregory: Encyclopedia II - Augustus Gregory - Early years